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440 the pulpit and proceeded to point out what he considered the glaring defects in the modern man- ner of preaching the gospel. His powers of ora- tory were remarkable, and he lived to see an organ- ized ministry preaching to many followers those views of Christianity which had engaged all the faculties of his life. Scott was deeply concerned at the opening of the civil war, anil published " The Union," a pamphlet in the interest of peace {Cincinnati, 1860). The illness of which he died wa- intensified by grief at hearing of the attack on Fort Sumter. His published works were "The Gospel Restored " (1854) ; and " The Messiahship, or the Great Demonstration " (1858), besides brief- er i-'-intrilnitions to the press explaining his re- ligious views. His life has been written by Will- iam Baxter (1874).

'''SCOTT. William Anderson''', clergyman, b. in Rock < 'reek, Bedford co., Tenn., 31 Jan.,' 1813 ; d. in San Francisco, Cal., 14 Jan., 1885. He was gradu- ated at Cumberland college, Tenn., in 1833, stud- ied in Princeton theological seminary in 1833-'4, and in 1835 was ordained by the presbytery of Louisiana. After missionary service in 1835-'6 and teaching in 1836-'40. he was pastor of churches in Tuscaloosa, Ala., New Orleans, La., and San Francisco, Cal., after which he went to England in 1801 and was for some time settled over a congre- gation in Birmingham. On his return he had charge of a church in New York city in 1863-'70, and then of one in San Francisco till his death. He was also professor of mental and moral phi- losophy and systematic theology in the theological school'of the latter city after its establishment in 1871. The University of Alabama gave him the degree of D. D. in 1844, and the University of the city of New York that of LL. D. in 1872. Dr. Scott edited the New Orleans " Presbyterian " for three years, founded the " Pacific Expositor," and was the author of " Daniel, a Model for Young Men " (New York. 1854) ; " Achan in El Dorado " (San Francisco, 1855) ; " Trade and Letters " (New York, 1856); "The Giant Judge " (San Francisco, 1858): "The Bible and Politics" (1859); "The Church in the Army, or the Four Centurions of the Gospels "(New York, 1862); "The Christ of the Apostles' Creed " (1867) ; and other works. His son. Robert Nicholson, soldier, b. in Win- chester, Tenn., 21 Jan., 1838 ; d. in Washington, D. C., 5 March, 1887, attended school in Hartford, Conn., and New Orleans, La., and studied law in San Francisco, Cal., but was appointed from Cali- fornia 2d lieutenant of infantry, 21 Jan., 1857, and served on the Pacific coast till the civil war, com- manding the U. S. steamer " Massachusetts " dur- ing the San Juan difficulties in 1859. He was pro- moted captain in September, 1861, and afterward served on staff duty in the adjutant-general's de- partment. He was with the Army of the Potomac till June. 1863, receiving a major's brevet for gal- lantry at Gaines's Mill, where he was wounded, and in 1863-'4 was senior aide-de-camp to Gen. Henry W. Halleck. He continued to serve on staff duty till 1870, was professor of military science in a school at Faribaull, Minn., in 1872-'3, and in 1873-'? commanded Fort Ontario, N. Y. From 1 S 77 t ill his death he was in charge of the publica- tion of war records in Washington. He was pro- moted major in 1879, and lieutenant-colonel in 1885. In 1878 he served as military secretary to a congressional committee on the rrorgaiii/aiinii f the army. Col. Scott publi-hed Digr.-t of the Military" Laws of the United States" (1872).

'''SCOTT. William Cowper'''. clergyman, b. in Martinsburg, Va, 13 Jan., 1MT; d. in l!ethe-da. Va., 23 Oct., 1854. His father and grandfather were ministers of the Presbyterian church, and the son, after graduation at South Hanover college, Ind., in 1837, and at Union theological seminary, j Va., in 1840, also became a clergyman of that de- nomination. He was pastor of several churches in his native state till his death, except during two years, when feeble health compelled him to desist from preaching, and he was occupied in teaching and writing for periodicals. Mr. Scott was the author of a work on ' Genius and Faith, or Poetry and Religion in their Mutual Relations," which has received high praise for its depth of thought and its correct literary taste (New York, 1853).

'''SCOTT. Winfleld''', soldier, b. in Dinwiddie coun- ty, near Petersburg, Va., 13 June, 1780; d. at West Point, N. Y., 2!) May. 180(1. He was educated at William and Mary college, studied law, was admit- ted to the bar in 1806, and in 1808 entered the army as a captain of light artillery. While stationed at Baton Rouge, La., in 1809, he was court-martialled for remarks on the conduct of his superior officer, Gen. Wilkinson, and was suspended for one year, which he devoted to the study of military tactics. In July, 1812, he was made lieutenant-colonel and ordered to the Canada frontier. Arriving at Lewis- ton while the affair of Queenstown heights wa< in progress, he crossed the river, and the field was won under his direction ; but it was afterward lost and he and his command were taken prisoners from the refusal of the troops at Lewiston to cross to their assistance. In January, 1813, he was exchanged and joined the army under Gen. Dearborn as adjutant- general with the rank of colonel. In the attack on Fort George, 27 May. he was severely hurt by the explosion of a powder-magazine. In the au- tumn he commanded the advance in Wilkinson's descent of the St. Lawrence an operation directed against Montreal, but which was abandoned. In March, 1814, he was made a brigadier-general, and established a camp of instruction at Buffalo. On 3 July, Scott's and Ripley's brigades, with Hind- man's artillery, crossed the Niagara river and took Fort Erie and a part of its garrison. On the 5th was fought the battle of Cnippewa, resulting in the defeat of the enemy, and on 25 July that of Lnndy's Lane, or Bridgevvater, near Niagara Falls, in which Scott had two horses killed under him and was twice severely wounded. His wound of the left shoulder was critical, his recovery painful and slow, and his arm was left partially disabled. At the close of the war Scott was offered and de- clined a seat in the cabinet as secretary of war. and was promoted to be major-general, with the thanks of ci Ingres and a gold medal for his services. He assisted in the reduction of the army to a peace es- tablishment, and then visited Europe in a military and diplomatic capacity. He returned to the United States in 1810, and in 1817 married Miss Mayo, of Richmond, Va. A part of his time he now devoted to the elaboration of a manual of fire- arms and military tactics. In ls:i2 he set <>ut from Fort Dearborn (now Chicago, 111.) with a de- tachment to take part in the hostilities against the Sacs and Foxes, but the capture of Black Hawk ended the war before Scott's arrival on the field. In the same year he commanded the Federal forces in Charleston harbor during the nullification troubles, and his tact, discretion, and ilcri.-ion did much to prevent the threatened civil war. In !^:!."> he went t" Flnrida In nii. r age in the war with the Seminoles. and afterward to (lie Creek country. He ,!-. ri CM I led in 1N37 and subjected to inquiry fur I lie failure of hi- campaigns, i he court, finding in his favor. In IN:; lie was. ulUcient in promoting