Page:Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography (1900, volume 5).djvu/427

Rh In 1607 he also sent an unsuccessful expedition to expel the Danish from St. Thomas. When King Charles II. died in 1TOO, appointing the- grandson of Louis XIV. his heir, the Count of Montezuma, who did not favor the house of Bourbon, solicited his recall, and, as the new kins, Philip V., feared Sarmiento's partiality for the Austrian succession, the latter was ordered to deliver the executive again to Bishop Ortega, which he did on 4 Nov., 1701. On 23 Nov., 1704, Sarraiento was created Duke of Atlixco and grandee of Spain.

SARRASIN, Michel, Canadian author, b. in France in 1059; d. 9 Sept., 1734. He resided at Quebec when Canada was a French dependency, and was a member of the superior council of the colony. He became physician to the king, keeper of the king's seal in 1733, and a member of the Ai-adi-iny "I' sciences <>l I'arK < >n lii- arrhal tin- historian Charlevoix expressed surprise at finding so learned a man in the colony. Sarrasin contrib- uted many articles to the publications of various learned societies, among others a " Description of the Castor," in the memoirs of the Academy of sci- ences (1704); "A Letter on the Mineral Waters of Cap de la Magdeleine," in the memoirs of Trevoux (1736) ; ' Description of the Water or Musk Rat of America," in the Paris " Documents " ; and a de- scription of a plant which he had discovered and named Sarracenia purpurea." The whole genus of which this is a species was named "Sarracenia " by Tournefort, in honor of Dr. Sarrasin.

SARTAIN, John, artist, b. in London, 24 Oct., 1808; d. in Philadelphia. 25 Oct., 1897. He learned to engrave in the line manner, in which style he produced several of the plates in Ottley's "Early Florentine School." In 1828 he began to practise mezzo- tints, and when he came to the United States in 1830 was one of the first to introduce that branch of engrav- ing here. Subse- quently he usual- ly mingled both styles, with the addition of stip- pling. In England he had studied painting under John Varley and Henry Richter, and in Philadel- phiahe became the pupil of Joshua Shaw and Manuel J. de Franca. For about ten years after his arrival in this country he was also engaged in painting portraits in oil and miniatures on ivory. During the same time he found employment in making designs for bank-note vignettes, arid also in drawing on wood for book- illustration. In 1843 he became proprietor and ed- itor of " Campbell's Foreign Semi-Monthly Maga- zine,'' and thereafter devoted himself entirely to en- graving and to literary work. He had an interest at the same time in the "'Eclectic Museum," for which, later, when John H. Agnew was alone in charge, he simply engraved the plates. In 1848 he pur- chased a one-half interest in the " Union Maga- zine," a New York periodical, which he transferred to Philadelphia. The name was changed to " Sar- tain's Union Magazine." and during the four years of its existence the journal became widely known. During this period, besides his editorial work and the engravings that had to be made regularly for tin- periodicals with which he was connected, Sar- bain produced an enormous quantity of plates for book-illustration. The framing print* from his studio include "The County Election in Missouri," after Bingham (about 1855); Mr. and Mrs. Robert Gilmor, of Baltimore, two plates after Sir Thomas Lawrence ; David Paul Brown, after John Xeagle ; rlin-t Rejected," after Benjamin West (1862); Men of Progress, American Inventors" (lsr,-,'i. " Zeisberger preaching to the Indians at. Gosgo- shunk" (about 1862), and "The Iron-Worker and King Solomon " (!S7(i). the last three after Chris- tian Schuessele: "John Knox and Mary, Queen of Scots," after Emmanuel Leutze ; " Homestead of Henry Clay," after Hamilton ; " Edwin Fonv.-t " and "'The Battle of Gettysburg" (1876-'7), after Peter F. Rothermel. Since he came to Philadel- phia, Mr. Sartain had taken an active interest in art matters there. lie had held various offices in the Artists' fund society, the School of design for women, and the Pennsylvania academy, and had been actively connected with other educational institutions in the city. He had visited Europe several times, and on the occasion of his second visit in 1862 he was elected a member of the society " Artis et Amicitiie " in Amsterdam. In 1876 he had charge of the art department at the Centennial exhibition in Philadelphia. In recognition of his services there, the king of Italy conferred on him the title of cavaliere, and he had received also other decorations and medals. His architectural knowl- edge had been frequently called into requisition, and he had designed several monuments, notably that to Washington and Lafayette in Monument cemetery, Philadelphia, for which he also modelled the two medallion heads. His son, Samuel, engraver, b. in Philadelphia, Pa., 8 Oct., 1830, at the age of sixteen began to engrave under his father, and .since his twenty-first year has been in business for liiniM'l f. His prints include "Clear the Track," after C. Schuessele " (1854) ; " Christ blessing Little Children," after Sir Charles Locke Eastlake (lsr,l); " One of the Chosen," after Guy ; " Christ stilling the Tempest," after Hamilton ; " The Song of the Angels," after Thomas Moran ; " Evangeline " ; and various portraits after Thomas Sully, John Neagle, and others. He has principally devoted himself to engraving portraits and other plates for books. He holds offices in the Artists' fund society, the Franklin institute, and other art and scientific societies of Philadelphia. Another son. William, b. in Philadelphia, Pa., 21 Nov., 1843, practised engraving under his father until about his twenty-fourth year, producing some very good plates, notably "Young America crushing Rebellion and Sedition" (1864) and "Little Samuel," after James Sant (1866). During 1867-'8 he studied under Christian Schuessele and at the Pennsylvania academy. He then went to Europe, where he studied with Leon Bonnat and at the Ecole des beaux arts, in Paris. After an absence of eight years he returned to the United States in 1877, settling in New York, where he was elected an. associate of the National academy in 1880. He was one of the original members of the Society of American artists, and is a member also of other art associations. He received a silver medal in Boston in 1881, and honorable mention in Philadelphia in 1887. Mr. Sartain paints both landscape and figure subjects. Many of his pictures represent street scenes in Italy and Algiers. Among his works are " Tombs of the Saints, at Bouzareah" (1874); "Italian Boy's Head" and " Italian Girl's Head " (1876) ; " Narcissus "