Page:Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography (1900, volume 5).djvu/404

378 treat of her lines of descent, as the former work did of the lines of his descent, and that of the Phillips familv, to which his first wife belonged.

SALISBURY, James Henry, physician, b. in Scott, Cortland co., X. Y., 13 Oct., 1823. He was educated at Homer academy, and in 1846-'S wa.- a-i.-isiant, and in 1849-V52 principal, chemist of the New York state geological survey. He received the degree of M. D. from Albany medical college in 1850. In 1851-'2 he lectured mi elementary and applied chemistry in the New York state nor- m:il >i liool at Albany. He conducted experiments and microscopical examinations, the results of which were published in the "Transactions" of the American association for the advancement of science, and devoted himself later to the study of the causes and treatment of chronic diseases, pub- lishing his therapeutical discoveries in the New York Journal of Medicine." In 18fi4 he settled in Cleveland. Ohio, where he assisted in establish- ing the Charity hospital medical college, before which he lectured till 1806 on physiology and his- tology. He has been president of the Institute of mierology since 1878. Among his publications are a prize essay on the " Anatomy and History of Plants" (Albany, 1848); one on "the "Chemical and Physiological Examinations of the Maize Plant during" the Various Stages of its Growth." which was published in the New York agricultural re- port for 1840, and reprinted in the Ohio state re- ports: and "Microscopic Examinations of Blood and Yegetations found in Variola, Yaccina, and Typhoid Fever" (New York. IM;~H.

SALISBURY, Sylvester, British soldier, b. in England; d. in Albany, N. Y., about 1680. He was a captain in the force that captured New Am- sterdam in 1664, and was placed in command of Port Orange, the name of which he changed to Fort Albany. He married a Dutch lady named Marius, and" held the offices of high sheriff and justice of the peace at Albany. When New Am- sterdam was retaken by the Dutch in 1673, he was carried as a prisoner of war to Spain, then an ally of the Netherlands in the war against France and England. On his release, he was restored to his post at Albany. Sir Edmund Andros sent him to Knirland in 1675 with a petition to King James for the annexation of Connecticut to New York.

SALM SALM, Prince Felix, soldier, b. in An- holt, Prussia, 25 Dec., 1828 ; d. near Metz, Alsace, 18 Aug., 1870. He was a younger son of the reign- ing Prince zu Salm Salm, was educated .-it ilie cadet-school in Berlin, became an officer in the Prussian cavalry, and saw service in the Schleswig- Holstein war, receiving a decoration for bravery at Aarhuis. He then joined the Austrian army, but was compelled to resign, extravagant habits having brought him into pecuniary difficulties. In 1861 he came to the United States and offered his ser- vices to the National government. He was given a colonel's commission and attached to the staff of Gen. Louis Blenker. In November, 1862, he took command of the 8th New York regiment, which was mustered out in the following spring. He was appointed colonel of the 68th New ork volunteers on 8 June, 1864, serving under Gen. James B. Steed- man in Tennessee and Georgia, and toward the end of the war was assigned to the command of the post at Atlanta, receiving the brevet of briga.liei- general on 15 April, 1865. He next, offered his services to the Emperor Maximilian, embarked for Mexico in February, 1866, and on 1 July wa> ap- pointed colonel of the general Mail'. He I ami the emperor's aide-de-camp and ehief of his house- hold, and was captured at Queretaro. Soon after Maximilian's execution he returned to Europe, reentered the Prussian army as major in the grenadier guards, and was kille'd at the battle of Gravelotte. He published " My Diary in Mexico in 18H7. including the Last Days of the Emperor Maximilian, with Leaves from the Diary of the Princess Salm Salm " (London, 1868). His wife, Agnes, b. in Baltimore, Md., in 1842 ; d. in Coblentz. Germany, about 1881, is said to have been adopted when a child in Europe by the wife of a member of the cabinet at Washington, but, after receiving a good education in Philadelphia. to have left her home and become a circus-rider and then a rope-dancer. Afterward she acquired a reputation as an actress under the name of Agnes Leclercq, and lived several years in Havana. Cuba. She returned to the United States in 1861, and married Prince Salm Salm on 30 Aug.. 1862. She accompanied her husband throughout his military campaigns in the south, performing useful service in connection with the field-hospitals, and was with him also in Mexico. After the fall of Quere- taro she rode"to San Luis Potosi and imploreil President Juarez to procure the release of Maxi- milian and of his aide, who underwent imprison- ment with him. She also sought the intervention of Porfirio Diaz and of Mariano Escobedo. and ar- ranged a conference between the latter general and the archduke. After the death of her husband she rai-ed a hospital brigade, which accomplished much good during the Franco - Prussian war. Subse- quently she married Charles Heneage, an attache of the British embassy at Berlin, but soon sepa- rated from him. She published "Ten Year- of My Life" (New York, 1875).

SALNAYE, Sylvain (sal-nahv), president of Hayti, b. in Cape Haytien in 1832; d. in Port au Prince, 15 Jan., 1870". He enlisted in 1850. and" was captain of cavalry when Geffrard overthrew Soulouque in January, 1859, being rewarded for his aid with the rank of major. In 18(51 he was bitter in his denunciation of Geffrard for what he called the latter's subserviency in the matter of the occupation of the Dominican territory by Spain, and Geffrard, whose popularity began to decline, was powerless to punish Salnave. The latter pro- moted and encouraged frequent insurrections on the borders, and in 1864 he abetted an insurrection in the northern part of Hayti, but the movement was put down with the aid of the Spanish. In July, 1866, he led a new rising at Gonaives, and, al- though he was again defeated, the revolt continued to increase, and, aided by a pronunciamento in his favor at Port au Prince, 22 Feb., 1867, he entered the capital on 13 March. A triumvirate was now appointed, composed of Nissage-Saget, Chevalier, and Salnave, and the last was elected president on 14 June. His first act was to promulgate the new constitution that had been voted by the senate, but his despotic rule soon occasioned sullen discontent. In 1869 a general insurrection, headed by Nissage-Saget and Dorningue, began in the count of the north and the south. Salnave collected his forces and fought desperately, even after his chief general, Chevalier, had gone over to the enemy, intrenching himself in Port au Prince, where he was soon besieged by the rebel army under Gen. I'.rice. The defence was obstinate, and Salnave refused to surrender even after his fleet had been capture. I. Port au Prince had been bombarded, and the grand palace had been completely destroyed by an explosion. At the instance of the British consul he endeavored on 19 I'ee. to escape to li.nninican territory, but was captured b (ien. Cabral on 1C Jan., INTO, and by him surrendered to Nissage Saget,