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Rh 1846, he became a wealthy merchant, and was the first Liberian to export African commodities to Europe and the United States in his own vessel. He was elected to the Liberian house of representa- tives, serving as speaker in 1849, was chief jus- tice from 1865 till 1868, and was elected fifth presi- dent of Liberia, entering office in 1870. During his service the people voted on a proposition to change the presidential term from two to four years ; but it was defeated, and a new president, Joseph J. Roberts, was elected in 1871. Notwith- standing this, Mr. Roye attempted to remain at the head of the government, and he was condemned to imprisonment. He escaped, and. while endeavor- ing to swim to a steamer that was bound for Liver- pool, he was drowned in the harbor of Monrovia.

ROZE, Pierre Gustave, French naval officer, b. in Nimes in 1812 ; d. in Paris in 1882. He en- tered the navy as midshipman in 1826, was pro- moted post-captain in 1856 and attached to the sta- tions of the West Indies and South America. In January, 1862. he was appointed commodore of the fleet to" operate in Mexico, and transported to Vera Cruz the division of Gen. Lorencez (q. r.). In the following March he was appointed military com- mander of Vera Cruz and fortified the city, holding off the Mexicans after the retreat of Lorencez and before the arrival of succor from France. For those services he was promoted rear-admiral, 19 July, 1862, and he remained in command of the French navy in Mexico till the withdrawal of Gen. Bazaine, when he was sent to China. He was pro- moted vice-admiral, 26 May, 1869, and retired in 1877. He published " Resume des operations na- vales pendant la guerre du Mexique" (Paris, 1869).

RUCKER, Daniel Henry, soldier, b. in Belle- ville, N. J., 28 April, 1812. In his youth he re- moved to Grosse Isle, Mich. He entered the U. S. army as 2d lieutenant in the 1st dragoons on 13 Oct., 1837, became 1st lieutenant, 8 Oct., 1844, and captain, 7 Feb., 1847, and served in Michigan, and against the Indians in the west and southwest. He participated in the war with Mexico, and com- manded a squadron at Buena Vista, where for gal- lantry he was brevetted major on 23 Feb., 1847. On 23 Aug., 1849, he was transferred to captain as- sistant quartermaster. He declined the post of major of the 6th cavalry on 14 May, 1861, became major quartermaster on 3 Aug., 1861, and colonel and aide-de-camp on 28 Sept., 1801. He was ap- pointed brigadier-general, U. S. volunteers, on 23 May, 1863, and on 5 July, 1864, was brevetted lieu- tenant-colonel, colonel, and brigadier-general, U. S. army, for diligent and faithful service during the war. On 13 March. 1865, he received the brevets of major-general, U. S. army, and major-general, U. S. volunteers, for faithful and meritorious ser- vice during the war. He was appointed colonel and assistant quartermaster-general on 28 July, 1866, and was mustered out of the volunteer service on 1 Sept., 1866. Since that date he has served as quartermaster-general at various points, and on 13 Feb., 1882, was appointed quartermaster-general of the army. He was retired on 23 Feb., 1882, and now (1898) resides in Washington, D. C.

RUDD, John Churchill, clergyman, b. in Nor- wich, Conn., 24 May, 1779 ; d. in Utica, N. Y.. 15 Nov., 1848. He was prepared to enter Yale, but adverse circumstances prevented. He made his way to New York city soon afterward, where he. became acquainted with Dr. (afterward Bishop) Hobart, and was baptized and confirmed in the Episcopal church. He studied for the ministry, chiefly under Dr. Hobart's direction, and was or- dained deacon, 28 April, 1805, by Bishop Benjamin Moore, and priest, in Aprd, 1806, by the same bishop. For a short time he was occupied in mis- ry duty on Long Island, N. Y., but in Deorm- ber, 1805, he took charge of St. John's parish, Eliza- bethtown, N. J., and in May, 1806, was instituted as rector. He received the degree of D. D. from the University of Pennsylvania in 1822. Severe and exhaustive labor in striving to build up the church in Elizabethtown resulted in a loss of health and strength, and Dr. Itudd was compelled to resign his charge in 1826. In July of the same year he removed to Auburn. N. Y., and took gen- eral oversight of the academy there. His health having improved, he accepted the rectorship of St. Peter's church in Auburn, and held that post for seven years, during which a stone church was erected on the spot where the previous edifice had been burned. Under Bishop Ilobart's advice. Dr. Rudcl, in 1827, began the publication of " The Gospel Messenger," a religious weekly, representing the doctrines and advocating the principles of the Protestant Episcopal church. He continued to be its editor during the rest of his life. Besides his contributions to church literature in the columns of the " Messenger," Dr. Rudd published a large number of sermons that he preached on special oc- casions between 1822 and 1837, together with ad- dresses. Among these are a " Tribute to Departed Excellence," an address on the life and character of Bishop Hobart (1830), and a " Sermon on the Reopening of St. Peter's Church. Auburn, with a Brief Sketch of the History of the Congregation from its Organization " (1833). Dr. Rudd also edited "The Churchman's Magazine" several years previous to 1812, but the second war with England led to its discontinuance.

'''RUDOLPH. Michael,''' soldier, b. in Maryland in 1754: drowned in 1795. With his brother'john he joined Maj. Henry Lee at the head of Elk river in 1778, holding the rank of captain in his legion, and served with gallantry in many of the lesser battles and sieges in the south. After the war he settled in Savannah, and was subsequently a col- lector in Sunbury, Ga., where lie cultivated a farm. Entering the army in 1790 as captain of the 1st in- fantry, he served under Gen. Josiah Ilarmar in the northwest. He became major of cavalry. 5 March, , and adjutant and inspector of the army in February, 1793. After his resignation on 17 July, . he traded with the West Indies, and subse- quently embarked for France to enter its military service. Two years later he was drowned.

RUDORF, Cornells van, South American artist, b. in Demerara in 1769 ; d. in Haarlem. Holland, in 1813. He studied in Leyden, and afti-rward obtained an employment in the administration of Dutch Guiana, but resigned a few years later and devoted himself to painting the magnificent scenery of the virgin forest. Among his works are 'Sunset in a Virgin Forest " (1796); "Indian La- borers at the Harvest" (1800); "A Street of Demerara" (1803): "A Woman Fish -Vender " (1804); and " Moonlight in the. Forest" (1809).

RUFF, Charles Frederick, soldier, b. in Philadelphia, Pa., 10 Oct., 1818 ; d. there, 1 Oct.. 1 N*5. He was graduated at the U. S. military academy in 1838, assigned to the 1st dragoons, served in garrison and frontier duty in Kansas and Iowa, and resigned on 31 Dec.. 1842. Until 1846 he practised law in Liberty, Mo., and on 18 June. 1846, he enlisted for the war with Mexico as lieutenant-colonel of Missouri volunteers, being made captain in a regiment of mounted rifles in the U 1. S. army on 7 July, 1846. He was brevetted major for gallant and meritorious conduct at the skirmWi at San