Page:Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography (1900, volume 5).djvu/361

Rh and polished in manners, and an eloquent and persuasive speaker.

ROULARD, Charles (roo-lar), West Indian poet, b. in the island of St. Martin in 1751 ; d. in Paris in 17N7. He went in his youth to Paris, where he studied philosophy. His first verses at- tracted the attention of Voltaire, who complimented the young poet. In 1781 he became librarian of the navy department at Paris, which post he held till his death. His works include "Chants du soir .I iln matin" (1774): "Les quatre saisons" (1777) ; ami " Le cycle de la conquete," an original work in prose and verse which narrates the Spanish con- quest of America (1783).

ROUMFORT, Augustus Louis, soldier, b. in Paris, France, 10 Dec., 1796; d. in Harrisburg, Pa., ',' Aug., 1878. He came with his father to Phila- delphia, Pa., about 1805, was graduated at the U. S. military academy in 1817, and, after a short service in the marine corps in Washington and Philadelphia, resigned on 18 Aug., 1818. He was then professor of mathematics at Mount Airy col- lege, Germantown, till 1826. and from that time till 1834 superintendent of a military school in that town, where many young men were prepared for West Point. He was reappointed in the army by Gen. Jackson as military store-keeper of ordnance in 1834, and served at Frankford arsenal till 1841, when he resigned again. Meanwhile he had be- come an active Democratic politician, and was in the legislature in 1843-'4, and harbor-master of Philadelphia in 1845-'8. He had been made cap- tain of Pennsylvania militia in 1820, and in 1843 had risen to the rank of brigadier-general, in which capacity he showed much vigor and prudence in suppressing the native American riots in 1844. He was connected with railroads from 1850 till 1860, and from 1863 till 1866 was mayor of Harrisburg, where he won reputation by his success in main- taining order during the crisis of the Confederate invasion. After this he engaged in literary pur- suits till his death.

ROUND, William Marshall Fitts, author, b. in Pawtucket, R. I.. 26 March, 1845. He received an academic education and entered Harvard medi- cal school, but was not graduated, owing to ill health. In 1872 he was appointed U. S. commis- sioner to the World's fair that was held at Vienna in 1873, where he had charge of the New England department, and on his return he devoted himself to journalism and literature. He gave attention to the subject of prison reform, and in 1883 became corresponding secretary of the Prison association of New York. In 1885', with Franklin B. Sanborn, Francis Wayland, and others, he reorganized the Nalimial prison association of the United States, and was elected its secretary, and in 1886 he was sent as a delegate from the United States to the International penitentiary congress in Rome, Italy. Mr. Round laid out in 1887-'8 the general scheme for the Burnham industrial farm, an institution for unruly boys, based upon the principles that have dominated the similar institution at Mettray in France and the Rauhehaus near Hamburg iii (ii-rmany. His books include "Achsah, a New England Life-Study" (Boston, 1876); "Child .Mariuii Abroad" (1876) ; "Torn and Mended" (1S77); "Hal: the Story of a Clodhopper " (1878) : and "Rosecroft" (1880)'.

ROUNDS, Sterling Parker, printer, b. in Berkshire, Vt., 27 June, 1828; d. in Omaha, Neb., 17 Dec., 1887. At twelve years of age he removed with his parents to what is now Kenosha, Wis., and soon entered the printing-office of the &ldquo;Southport American.&rdquo; He became in 1845 foreman in the

state printing-office at Madison, afterward was in printing-offices at Milwaukee, Racine, and Buffalo, and migrated to Chicago in 1851. Here he engaged in the printing business, and soon afterward opened a printers' warehouse, in which was kept in stock everything that was needed in the trade. In 1856 the business was extended by the addition of the printers' electrotype-foundry, and the first number of &ldquo;Rounds's Printers' Cabinet,&rdquo; still in existence, was issued. Extending his business still further, he engaged in the manufacture of printing-presses, the first that were made in the northwest. Mr. Rounds was appointed public printer in 1881; but he removed to Omaha in 1885 and was identified with the &ldquo;Republican&rdquo; till his death.

ROUQUETTE, Francois Dominique, poet, b. in New Orleans, La., 2 Jan., 1810 ; d. there, 10 May. 1890. He studied at the Orleans college, and then followed classical studies at the College de Nantes in France. In 1828 he returned to the United States and studied law with William Rawle in Philadel- phia. The active practice of his profession be- ing uncongenial, he returned to France and had since devoted himself to writing. Besides his con- tributions to " L'Abeille de la Nouvelle Orleans," the " Propagateur Catholique," and other journals, he has published " Les Meschacebeenes " (Paris, 1839); "The Arkansas" (Fort Smith, Ark., 1850); and " Fleurs d'Amerique : Poesies nouvelles " (New Orleans, 1857). He has also written in French and English a historical work on the Choctaw nation. His brother. Adrien Emmanuel, author, b. in New Orleans, La., 13 Feb., 1813 ; d. there, 15 July, 1887, was educated at the College de Nantes, and spent ten years thereafter in the capitals of Europe. He then returned to this country and studied law, but becoming interested in the Choctaw Indians, who were located in the parish of St. Tammany, he devoted his attention to their welfare. Determin- ing to spend his life among them, he settled in their midst, learned their language, and, fixing it in print, taught the Indians to read and write. As the work progressed he became interested in their religious welfare, and in 1845 presented himself for orders in the Roman Catholic church. He continued among the Indians, who called him "Chatah-iona," during the troublesome times of the civil war, when their territory was alternately over- run by the soldiers of both armies. Abbe Rouquette worked in their behalf until the year before his death, when failing health compelled him to return to New Orleans, where he spent his last days, ten- derly cared for by the Sisters of Charity at the Hotel Dieu. His 'scholarly attainments were uni- versally recognized, and his poetry, written in the emotional and sentimental style of Chateaubriand, was commended by Sainte-Beuve and other French critics. His work's include " Les Savanes, poesies Americaines" (Paris, 1841), in which "Souvenir de Kentucky " is the best known ; " Wild Flowers : Sacred Poetry" (New Orleans, 1848); "La Thebaide en Amerique, on apologie de la vie solitaire et contemplative" (1852): "L'Antoniade, ou la soli- the select poems of Estelle Anna Lewis, and also edited "Selections from the Poets of all Coun- tries." His last work was a satire on George W. Cable's " Grandissim.es," entitled " Critical Dia- logue between Aboo and Caboo on a New Book, or a Grandissime Ascension," edited by E. Junius.

'''ROUS. John''', naval officer, b. probably in Massachusetts: d. in Portsmouth, England, 3 April. 1760. He had command of the expedition