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260 promoter of sound learning he will be gratefully remembered. His &ldquo;Life&rdquo; has been written for the &ldquo;American Men of Letters&rdquo; series, by Octavius B. Frothingham (Boston, 1882).

RIPLEY, Henry Jones, clergyman, b. in Bos- ton. Mass.. 28 Jan.. 1798; d. in 'Newton Out re. Mas.-.. 21 May, 1875. From the Boston Latin- school, where he was a " medal scholar." he passed to Harvard, where he was graduated in 1816. On closing his course in Andover theological seminary, In a's ordained to the Baptist ministry in Boston in November, 1S19. The early years of his minis- try were spent in preaching to the colored people of Georgia. In 1826 he was elected professor of biblical literature and pastoral duties in Newton theological institution, where he continued until his resignation in 1860. After his resignation he labored again for some time among the colored I pie of Georgia. He received the degree of D. D. from the University of Alabama in 1844 and from Harvard in 1845. Besides numerous articles for magazines and reviews, Dr. Ripley was the author of " Memoir of Rev. Thomas S. Winn" (Boston, 1824); "Christian Baptism" (1833); "Notes on the Four Gospels " (2 vols., 1837-'8) ; " Notes on the Acts of the Apostles" (1844); "Sacred Rhetoric" dxi'.i); "Notes on the Epistle to the Romans" (1857); "Church Polity" (1867): and "Notes on the Epistle to the Hebrews" (1868).

RIPLEY, James Wolfe, soldier, b. in Wind- ham, Conn., 10 Dec., 1794; d. in Hartford, Conn., 16 March, 1870. He was graduated at the U. S. military academy in 1814, entered the artillery, served in the second war with Great Britain, and participated in the defence of S.-H k,tt'- Harbor. He became battalion quartermaster of artillery in 1816, 1st lieutenant in 1818, was engaged during the Seminole war in the seizure of Pensacola and the capture of San Carlos de Barrancas, and was commissioner for running the boundary-line of the Florida Indian reservations in 1823-'4. He became captain in 1825, was in command at Charleston liarlmr during the threatened South Carolina nullification disturbances in 1832-'3, and became major in 1838. He was superintendent of the Springfield armory in 1841-'54, and in May, 1848, was brevetted lieutenant-colonel "for the perform- ance of his duty in the prosecution of the Mexican war." He became full lieutenant-colonel in 1854, was chief of ordnance in the Department of the Pacific in 1855-'7, and became colonel and chief of ordnance, U. S. army, which he held till his re- 1 iivmcnt in 18(13. He received the brevet of briga- dier-general, U. S. army, in July, 1861, and in August was promoted to the full rank. From his retirement until his death he was inspector . >f the armament of fortifications on the New England coast. In March, 1865, he received the brevet of major-general, U. S. army, for "long and faithful service." His nephew, Roswell Sabine, soldier, b. in Worthington, Franklin co., Ohio, 14 Maivh. 1823; d. in New York city, 26 March, 1887, was graduated at the U. S. military academy in 1843, served in the Mexican war. where he was engaged at Monterey, Vera Cruz, Cerro Gordo, Contreras, Churubusco, Molino del Rev, Chapultepec, and the capt ure of the city of Mexico, and was brevetted captain for Cerro Gordo and major for Chapulte- pec. He engaged in the Florida war in 1849, but resigned from the army in 1853 and engaged in business in Charleston, S. C. At the beginning of the civil war he entered the Confederate service. directed the fire on Fort Sumter, 13 April, isiil, and in August of that year was appointed briga- dier-general, with command of the Department of South Carolina and its coast defences. He was in charge of the 2d military district of that state from December, 1861, till May, 1862, commanded a brigade that was composed of two Georgia and two North Carolina regiments in the defence of Richmond, Va., in June. 1802. and with it partici- pated in the battles of Mechanicsville. Gaines's Mills. Malvern Hill. South Mountain, Antietam, and Fredericksburg. He then returned to South Carolina in charge of the 1st military district of that state, constructed the defences of Charleston, and met the naval attack on 7 April, 1863. After the evacuation of that city he joined Gen. Robert E. Lee in Richmond, and continued with him till the surrender. He went abroad after the war, re- sided in Paris for several years, and subsequently returned and engaged in business in Charleston, S. C. He published a "History of the Mexican War" (2 vols.. New York, 1849).

RISING, Johan Claesson, colonial governor, b. in Sweden about 1600. He was secretary of the College of commerce at Stockholm, and was sent over in 1654 to act as commissary and assistant governor in New Sweden, taking with him a com- pany of emigrants in the " Ornen," which arrived in Delaware bay on 18 May. He expelled the Dutch garrison from Fort Casimir, forced the Dutch settlers to take the oath of allegiance to Sweden, concluded a treaty of friendship with the Indians on 17 June, and denied to the English the privilege of buying lands in Swedish territory, at the same time inviting Swedes who had gone to Virginia to return to the Delaware. .As soon as Queen Christina knew of the departure of Gov. Johan Printz (q. v.), she sent to Rising a commis- sion as temporary governor, dated 28 Feb., 1654. In August, 1655, Gov. Peter Stuyvesant, of New Amsterdam, conducted an expedition against the Swedish colony, recaptured the fort that he had erected on the west bank of the Delaware, invested the town of Christina, and demanded that the Swedes should evacuate the country, except such as were willing to accept Dutch rule. The direc- tor-general paid no attention to the proposal to have the territorial dispute settled by commission- ers, and, on 15 Sept., Rising was compelled to yield to his ultimatum. The Dutch offered to permit the Swedes to retain possession of the lands higher up the river, but Rising and his counsellors were unwilling to compromise the claim of their sov- ereign to the whole of New Sweden. The governor and other officials, the soldiers, and such colonists as were unwilling to become Dutch subjects, were taken back to Europe. Rising presented a plan in 1656 for the reconquest of New Sweden, but the government was occupied with other projects, and contented itself with presenting a fruitless demand for indemnification to the states-general.

RISING, Willard Bradley, chemist, b. in Mecklenburg, N. Y., 26 Sept., 1839. He was graduated at Hamilton college in 1864, and at the University of Michigan as a mining engineer in 1867. After a short experience as instructor in the chemical laboratory in Ann Arbor, he was called in 1867 to the chair of natural science in the University of California, where he remained for two years. Prof. Rising then spent some time at the University of Heidelberg, where in 1871 he received the degree of Ph. D., and at the University of Berlin, where he made a specialty of chemistry under the direction of August W. Ilofniaun. On his return in 1872 he was appointed professor of chemistry in the University of California, and he has since filled that chair. For several years he was consulting analyst to the state viticultural commission, and