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{|width="100%" Wife.” In March, 1696, he married Hannah Callowhill, of Bristol, a Quaker lady, with whom he had long been acquainted. Meanwhile, in August 1694, an order in council was made restoring him to his government. He then sent out William Markham as his deputy; but, since 1684, ever planning a return to America, on 9 Sept., 1699 with his wife and daughter Letitia he sailed on the “Canterbury” for Pennsylvania. On their arrival at Philadelphia, the governor and his family went to lodge at Edward Shippen's, where they remained about a month. Penn then went to reside in what is known as the Slate-roof house, on Second street, between Chestnut and Walnut, at the southeast corner of Norris's alley, shown in the accompanying illustration. Here was born, about two months after they landed, his son John, the only one of his children that was a native of this country, who was therefore called “the American.”
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Difficulties that had existed prior to his arrival regarding the government of the province now disappeared, and peace and order soon prevailed throughout the colony. He gave his attention to various reforms, and especially to the amelioration of the condition of the Indians and negroes. In 1701 a treaty was made with the Potomac Indians, and also one with the Five Nations, establishing commercial transactions between the natives and the colonists through authorized representatives. Information that a bill had been introduced in the house of lords converting all of the proprietary governments into crown colonies led to his return to England, but on his arrival the project that caused his leaving the colony had been dropped. Soon afterward he sent his son William to Philadelphia to represent him, but the latter, disagreeing with his father, returned home. Other troubles followed, including a false claim against him by his steward, rather than pay which he allowed himself to be committed to the Fleet prison in 1708. Later he became so reduced that he proposed to sell the colony to Queen Anne for £20,000, and failing in this, he endeavored to secure the promise of a salary of £600 annually as governor. His health, seriously injured by his confinement in the Fleet, now grew worse, and, finding that the country air of Berkshire agreed best with him, he settled in Ruscombe. Early in 1712 he was stricken with paralysis, and other shocks followed that so affected him that much of the time he was deprived of his memory and of the power of motion. In this condition he lingered for six years, sustained and aided by his wife, who managed his business affairs for him. He was buried in Jordan's burying-ground, in Buckinghamshire, by the side of his first wife and Springett,

his first-born and favorite son. An effort was made several years ago to have the remains of William Penn brought to Philadelphia, to rest there beneath some imposing monument. Penn still rests, however, in the quiet Buckinghamshire burying-ground, his grave marked by a simple stone. And in the same place, of old a retreat for persecuted Friends, lie Isaac Pennington and others famous for their piety. In the original plan of Philadelphia, Penn placed a square of ten acres at the intersection of Broad and High (now Market) streets, but in the course of time the park was absorbed for building purposes, until only Penn square remained, on which the Philadelphia public buildings were long in process of construction. These buildings when completed had, placed on the summit of the dome, a colossal bronze statue of Penn, thirty-six feet high. It was designed by Alexander Calder, and weighs thirty tons. The figure is in a speaking attitude, and the left hand is represented as holding the original charter of the city of Philadelphia. As the statue is intended to personate him in his relation to the city rather than to the state, this was deemed the most appropriate symbol. In 1726 appeared “A Collection of the Works of William Penn, to which is prefixed a Journal of his Life, with many Original Letters and Papers not before Published” (2 vols., London), and in 1771 there were published “Select Works of William Penn, to which is prefixed a Journal of his Life”; also, in 1782, his “Select Works with a Life ” were issued in five volumes, and again in 1825 in three volumes. See “Vie de Guillaume Penn,” by Jean Marsillac (Paris, 1791; translated into German by Carl J. Friedrich, Strasburg, 1793); Thomas Clarkson's “Memoirs of the Public and Private Life of William Penn” (London, 1813); Mason L. Weerns's “Life of William Penn” (Philadelphia, 1822); the “Life” by Joseph Barker (London, 1852); and George E. Ellis, in Sparks's “American Biography” (3d series, vol. xii., Boston, 1847); Samuel M. Janney, “Life and Select Correspondence of William Penn” (Philadelphia, 1852); William Hepworth Dixon's “William Penn, an Historical Biography founded on Family and State Papers” (new ed., London, 1856); “Inquiry into the Evidence of the Charges brought by Lord Macaulay against William Penn,” by James Paget (Edinburgh, 1858): and “William Penn,” by Robert J. Burdette (New York, 1882). For a full account of William Penn's writings and of those which relate to him, see Joseph Smith's “Catalogue of Friends' Books,” vol. ii., pp. 282-326.—His second wife, Hannah, d. in 1726, was the daughter of Thomas Callowhill, a Bristol merchant. She accompanied her husband to Pennsylvania in 1699, and divided her time between Philadelphia and Pennsbury Manor, a beautiful estate situated in Bucks county, on the river Delaware. After Penn's death, during the minority of her children, as sole executrix, she assumed the management of the colonial affairs, performing this difficult task with rare tact and business capacity. Her deputy in Pennsylvania from 1717 till 1726 was Sir William Keith (q. v.).—The founder of Pennsylvania had several children that died in his lifetime.—His eldest surviving son, William, b. about 1680, d. in Liege in 1720, came to the colony with Lieut.-Gov. Evans, arriving 2 Feb., 1704, and was made a member of the provincial council on the 8th. As such he joined in a declaration that a clause in his father's instructions suspending the operation of laws passed by the lieutenant-governor until the proprietary's pleasure be known was illegal and void. He raised a militia company, but, being presented before the