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638 tol extension, and the pediment is still vacant. It is a noteworthy fact that Palmer, unlike most American sculptors, did not study abroad, but ac- quired all his knowledge of art and technical skill in his native state, New York. It was not until 1873, when he had long been famous, that he went to Europe, visiting Italy and Paris. In the latter city, in 1873-'4, he executed a statue of Robert R. Livingston, which was placed in the old hall of representatives, Washington, in 1875 ; it received a medal of the first class in the Centennial ex- hibition, 1876. Palmer has also executed many portrait-busts, among them those of Alexander Hamilton, Com. Matthew C. Perry, Gov. Edwin D. Morgan, Washington Irving (in the New York historical society), Moses Taylor, and a bronze bust of Dr. James H. Armsby, completed in 1878, now in Washington park, Albany. — His son, Wal- ter Launt, b. in Albany, N. Y., 1 Aug., 1854, studied with Frederic E. Church in 1871-'2, went abroad in 1873, and settled in Paris, where he was the pupil of Carolus Duran. In 1876 he was again studying in France, and he has since made repeated visits to Europe, sketching most of the time in Venice. He painted in New York city in 1877-'82, after which he returned to Albany. In 1881 he was elected a member of the Society of American artists, and in 1887 he received the sec- ond Hallgarten prize for his " January," which painting also gained him his election as an associate of the National academy. Among his works are " Dining-Room at Appledale " (1879) ; " An Edi- tor's Study " (1880) ; " Waving Grain " (1881) ; " Venice " (1882) ; " The Oat-Field " (1884) ; " The Inlet" (1885); and "An Early Snow" (1887).

PALMER, Frank Wayland, editor, b. in Man- chester, Ind., 11 Oct., 1827. After receiving a common-school education, he was apprenticed to a printer in Jamestown, N. Y., and in 1848 became joint proprietor and editor of the "Journal" in that town. In 1852-'4 he served in the New York legislature, but in 1858 he removed to Dubuque, Iowa, where he became editor and one of the proprietors of the " Daily Times." From 1861 till 1868 he was state printer of Iowa and edi- tor and proprietor of the " Iowa State Register." He was then elected to congress as a RepulDlican, serving from 4 March, 1869, till 3 March, 1873. Mr. Palmer afterward removed to Chicago, where he edited the " Inter-Ocean " in 1873-'6. He was a member of the postal commission, created in 1876, and in 1877-'85 was postmaster of Chicago.

PALMER, George Washington, lawyer, b. in Ripley, Chautauqua co., N. Y., 7 June, 1835 ; d. in New York city, 2 Jan., 1887. He was graduated at Albany law-school in 1857, and practised his Erofession. He was active in politics during the lincoln campaign, and in 1861 was assistant clerk in the U. S. senate. Receiving an appointment in the war department, he served in the quarter- master-general's office, and was afterward appointed captain and provost-marshal of the 31st district of New York. In December, 1864, he became mili- tary secretary to Gov. Reuben E. Fenton, in the following spring was made commissary-general of ordnance of New York state, with the rank of brigadier-general, and in 1868 was charged with the duties of quartermaster. In 1869 he practised law in New York city, but became appraiser of customs, holding this office until 1871, and then resuming his law-practice. In 1879 he was placed in charge of the law department, which post he resigned in 1886. For twenty years he was an ac- tive campaign speaker, and his fatal illness was ascribed to his over-exertion in 1884.

PALMER, Horatio Richmond, musician, b. in Sherburne, Chenango co., N. Y., 26 April, 1834. He studied music with his father, and subsequent- ly pursued his studies in languages, music, meta- physics, and other branches under various masters in New York, Berlin, Germany, and Florence, Italy. Mr. Palmer is known chiefly as a conductor of mu- sical societies and a writer of musical text-books, and is rather a musical theorist than a composer. He has done much to popularize music. He is the author of " Rudimental Class-Teaching " and " Ele- ments of Musical Composition " (1867) ; " Theory of Music " (1875) ; " Musical Catechism " (1880) ; " V^o- cal Modulator " (1883) and " Brief Statements of Musical Notation " (1883) ; and " Pronouncing Pocket Dictionary " and " Piano Primer " (1885) ; and he has also edited collections of music, notably " The Song Queen " (1867) and " The Song King " (1871), and is known as the author of numerous anthems and other musical compositions.

PALMER, Innis Newton, soldier, b. in Buffalo, N. Y., 30 March, 1824. He was graduated at the U. S. military academy in 1846, and assigned to the mounted rifles, in which he became 2d lieutenant on 20 July, 1847, and served in the siege of Vera Cruz and Cerro Gordo. He was brevetted 1st lieutenant on 20 Aug., 1847, for gallant and meritorious conduct in the battles of Contreras and Churubusco, Mexico, and at Chapultepec he was wounded and brevetted captain. He was also at the assault and capture of the city of Mexico, after which he was on recruiting service in Missouri, and then on frontier duty in Oregon and Washington territory. He became 1st lieutenant of mounted rifles on 27 Jan., 1853, captain in the 2d cavalry on 3 March, 1855, and major on 25 April, 1861, and on 3 Aug., 1861, was transferred to the 5th cavalry with the same rank. He served throughout the civil war, was brevetted lieutenant-colonel on 21 July, 1861, for gallant and meritorious service at Bull Run, Va., and on 23 Sept., 1861, was made brigadier- general of volunteers. He served in the Virginia peninsular campaign in command of a brigade in the 4th corps of the Army of the Potomac. He organized and forwarded to the field the New Jer- sey and Delaware volunteers, and superintended camps of drafted men in Philadelphia before the operations in North Carolina, when he commanded the 1st division of the 18th army corps from 1 Jan. till 10 July, 1863, the Department of North Carolina from 1 Feb. till 2 March, 1863, the district of Pamlico from 10 to 25 July, 1863. the 18th army corps from 25 July till 18 Aug., 1863, and the defences of New Berne, N, C, from 18 Aug., 1863, till 19 April, 1864. He was made lieutenant-colonel on 23 Sept., 1863, and on 13 March, 1865, was brevetted colonel and brigadier - general, U. S. army, and major-general of volunteers. He was mustered out of the volunteer service on 15 Jan., 1866, and then served in Kansas and Wyoming. He was colonel of the 2d U. S. cavalry from 9 June, 1868, till 20 March, 1879, when he was retired.

PALMER, James Crovall, naval surgeon, b. in Baltimore, Md., 29 June, 1811 ; d. in Washington, D. C, 24 April, 1883. He was graduated at Dickinson in 1829, and studied medicine at the University of Maryland, where he took his degree. In 1834 he was commissioned assistant surgeon. He was ordered, on 17 July, 1838, to the store-ship " Relief," of the exploring expedition under Lieut. Charles Wilkes, and in attempting the Brecknock passage into the straits of Magellan, was transferred to the sloop " Peacock," the adventurous cruise of which is recorded in the general history of the exploring expedition. Dr.