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Rh that yeai', became pastor at Delaware, Ohio. In 1865 he resigned to become professor in the Theo- logical seminary and Capital university, Colum- bus, Ohio, and in 1881 he was elected president of Capital university. In 1887 Muhlenberg college gave him the degree of D. D. Prof. Loy has been editor of the '• Lutheran Standard " since 1864, and in 1881 he began the publication of the '• Columbus Theological Magazine," of which he is still (1887) editor-in-chief. He has published " The Doctrine of Justification " (Columbus, 1862) ; " Life of Lu- ther," translated (1869) ; and " Essay on the Minis- terial Office" (1870). He edited a translation of " Luther's House Postil " (3 vols., 1874-'84).

LOYAUTE, Anne Philippe Dieudonne de (lo-yo-tay), French soldier, b. in Metz in 1750; d. in La Fleche in 1830. He enlisted in the army when scarcely eleven years old, and served in Ger- many in 1761-'3. He was commissioned lieuten- ant in 1764, and captain in 1776, when he came to this country with 50 cannon and 10,000 muskets from the French government. He served during the whole of the war for independence as inspec- tor-general of the artillery of the army and forti- fications of Virginia, and was rewarded by Louis XVI. with the cross of Saint Louis in 1784. He emigrated in 1790, and served in the army of Con- de. In an attempt to capture Strasburg, 15 Nov., , he fell a prisoner, but escaped to England in, and in 1796 was appointed by the British government commander of the artillery in Santo Domingo, and a few months later general inspector of the British army in the island. He afforded valuable aid to the invaders, and but for him it is hardly probable that the English could have main- tained their hold in the colony. After 1798 he re- mained in Santo Domingo as a private citizen, re- turning to France in 1802. He served during the Russian campaign in 1812-'13, and in 1825 became director of the military school of La Fleche. He published " Memoires pour servir a I'histoire de I'occupation Anglaise de Tile de Saint Domingue " (2 vols., Paris, 1824).

LOYOLA, Martin Garcia Ouez de (lo-yo'-lah), Spanish soldier, b. in Biscay in 1553 ; d. in Chili, 22 Nov., 1598. In 1569 he came to Peru with the viceroy Francisco de Toledo. By the capture in the Andes, in 1572, of the last inca of Peru, Tupac Amaru, he obtained the hand of the Princess Clara Beatriz de Coya, the only daughter and heiress of the inca Sayri Tupac. In 1579 he was appointed governor of Potosi, and in 1591 governor-general of Chili, arriving at Valparaiso with an army in Sep- tember, 1592. Soon afterward he began operations against the Araucanians, which were continued with varying fortunes. In 1594 he founded near Angol the city of Coya. in honor of the princess, his wife, and established there colleges, churches, convents, and other public buildings, and two forts for the protection of the city and the mines of Relacoyan. In 1595-'6 he fought several battles against the Araucanian toqui Caillamachu. In 1597 he founded a colony in the province of Cuyo (now in the Ar- gentine Republic), with the name of San Luis de Loyola. In the same year he had several encoun- ters with Caillamachu, who forced him to retire from Angol to Imperial. He was returning to the seat of war near the Bio-Bio, accompanied by forty officers and invalids and three clergymen, when Caillamachu, who had followed his steps, surprised him in the valley of Curalaba and attacked him during the night, killing him, with all his party.

LOZA, Jose Manner (lo'-thah), Bolivian lawyer, b. in Copacabana in 1799 ; d. in La Paz in 1862. He studied in the universities of La Plata and La Paz of Ayaeucho, and was graduated as doctor in canonical and civil law and literature, becom- ing teacher of philosophy, and successively vice- rector and rector of the College of La Paz. In 1845 he was vice-chancellor of the University of San Andres of La Paz, and in the years 1849 and 1861 was its chancellor. He was honorary minis- ter of the supreme court of Lima in 1837, attorney- general of the judicial court of Cochabamba in 1839, president of the superior court of La Paz in 1848, a member of the commission that compiled the mercantile code of Santa Cruz, and general auditor of the army of the confederation in 1834-'5. He was also secretary to the Bolivian legation that signed the treaty of Fiquina in 1831, and to the Bolivian commission that examined in Sucre the treaty with France, and negotiated the treaty of intervention in Peruvian territory, under the form of a political convention, between Bolivia and Peru. At different times he has been deputy to congress and senator, diplomatic agent in Peru and Chili, and minister of public instruction and pub- lic works. He has published " Oda en verso latino y Castellano a la Concepcion immaeulada," which was awarded a prize in the University of Rome, " El libro del pueblo," " La inviolabilidad de la vida humana," " Memorias biograficas de Bolivar," and " La mujer en sus relaciones domesticas y sociales," which has been translated into Fi'ench and Italian,

LOZANO, Francisco Ruiz (lo-thah'-no), Peru- vian astronomer, b. in Lima in 1607 ; d. there in 1677. He studied mathematics and astronomy with the Jesuits in Lima and Mexico, and returning to Lima in 1655 with the viceroy. Count Alba de Aliste, was appointed by him captain of Spanish infantry, and afterward commander of the South sea. As the principal cosmographer of that coast, Lozano was the first director of the nautical school that was founded in Lima, in 1657, at the Hospital of Espiritu Santo. Soon after establishing his school he gave greater security to navigation in the Pacific by publishing sailing directions. In 1660 he observed the comet of that year, and this astronomical work was the first that was done in South America, being published in the same year, before it was observed in Europe by Hebel. Lo- zano served for several years as director of the Hospital of Espiritu Santo, improving its building and the condition of its treasury.

LOZANO, Pedro, Spanish missionary, b. in Spain toward the end of the 17th century; d., probably, in South America. He entered the Jesuit order at an early age, and as soon as his studies were finished was sent as a missionary to South America. Immediately after his arrival he was appointed professor in the College of Cordova in Tucuman. His works are "Descripcion corografica de terreno, rios. arboles y animales de las dilatadisimas provincias del Gran Chaco Gualamba. y de los ritos y costumbres de las innumerables naciones barbaras e infieles que le habitan, con un mapa del Chaco," copies of which, accompanied by the map, which was engraved by J. Petroschi in 1733, are very rare (Cordova, 17'33) ; " Historia de la corapania de Jesus en la provincia del Paraguay," whose value is impaired by the diffuseness of the style and the author's credulity, and which was bitterly attacked on its appearance on account of its exposures of the cruelties of the conquerors toward the natives (2 vols., Madrid, 1753); and " Diario de un viaje a la costa de la mar Magallanica en 1745," which is translated by Charlevoix in his " Histoire du Paraguay," is also found in the " Histoire generale des voyages " of the Abbe Prevost, and forms part of the first volume of the