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478 ralty, which post he held till his death. The nar- rative of his expedition to the South sea, written in collaboration with his lieutenant, Pecket, was published in the series " An Account of Several Late Voyages and Discoveries to the South and North " (London, 1694). It was translated into French (Amsterdam, 1722), into German (Vienna, 1725), and into Dutch and Italian. Narborough's narrative gives the exact geographical position of the principal points on the Patagonian coasts and the Strait of Magellan, and was extensively used for nearly a century by navigators to the South sea. He gave his name to an island south of Chiloe.

NARES, Sir George Strong, explorer, b. in Mon- mouthshire, England, in 1831. He was educated at the Royal naval college. New Cross, England, served on the Australian station, was mate on the " Resolute" in the arctic expedition of 1852-4, and was a courageous sledge-traveller in the spring of 1853, making 665 miles in 69 days, and 586 miles in 56 days during the next march. He subsequently served in the Crimea and on the Mediterranean station, in charge of cadet ships, was promoted commander in 1854. and from that date till 1875 was on foreign surveying service. In the latter year he left Eng- land in command of an expedition to reach the north pole. The fleet arrived in Lady Franklin bay on 27 Aug. It consisted of two ships, the " Alert " and the " Discovery." The latter was left in winter-quarters, and the " Alert," in command of Nares, continued her course along the western shore of Robeson channel until 1 Sept., when she attained latitude 82° 27', the highest that had been made. The explorers defined the character of the great polar sea, and made important hydrographi- cal, meteorological, tidal, magnetic, and electric observations. After the return of daylight in 1876 sledging expeditions were sent out, and on 12 May the British flag was planted at latitude 83° 10' 26' N. From this point there was no appearance of land, but the depth of the water was only 72 fathoms. The expedition then set sail for Eng- land, arriving at Valentia, Spain, in October, 1876. Nares was made a K. C. B. for his services, and in 1878 again commanded the " Alert " in a two-years' cruise in the South Pacific. He has published " The Naval Cadet's Guide " (London, 1860) ; '• Re- ports on Ocean Soundings " (6 parts, 1874-'5) ; " The Official Report of the Arctic Expedition " (1876) ; and " Narrative of a Voyage to the Polar Sea, during 1875-'6, in H. M. Ships ' Alert ' and ' Disco verj ' " (2 vols., 1878).

NARINO, Antonio (nah-reen'-yo), Colombian patriot, h. in Bogota in 1765 ; d. in Leiva, 13 Dec, 1823. He studied philosophy and jurisprudence in the College of San Bartolome in his native city, was graduated there in law, and entered the magis- tracy. The viceroy appointed him to several lu- crative posts, but tie cherished ultra-liberal ideas, and in the satirical paper " La Bagatela," which he edited, prepared the minds of his compatriots for future independence. In 1794 a copy of the French revolutionary constitution fell into his hands, and he translated from it the declaration of the rights of citizens and published it. The pamphlet was confiscated, and Nariiio was con- demned to imprisonment and transported to Ca- diz. He escaped and took refuge in France and then in England, where he worked for the inde- pendence of his country, but, being unable to ob- tain material assistance for his project, he returned to his country, determined to incite an insurrection. On his arrival he was imprisoned, but released on condition that he should live quietly on his coun- try property. When a new viceroy arrived, he ordered Narino's arrest, and confined him in the fortress of Bocachica, in Carthagena. The revolu- tion of 1810 gave him his liberty, but the revolu- tionary chiefs did not give him any place in their councils. When the division between the Feder- alist and Centralist parties became wider in 1811, the congress of Bogota, chiefly composed of the latter faction, elected him vice-president of Cundi- namarca. When open hostilities began, he won a victory on 8 Jan., 1813, and became president of Cundinamarca. He showed his patriotism by a conciliatory policy, and, when the royalist troops from Quito invaded the country, he marched at the head of the patriot army and" defeated them in several battles, but was in turn defeated at Pasto and gave himself up to the Spanish commander. After a long imprisonment in Bogota and Santa Marta, he was sent to Cadiz, where he remained till the revolution of 23 March, 1820. After its suppression he fled to England, where he framed a constitution for his country, and presented it the same year, on his return, to congress. He was nominated vice-president of Colombia, but did not accept, and in 1821 was elected senator. In 1823 he was appointed commander-in-chief, but feeble health soon forced him to retire to Leiva, near Bogota, where he died.

NARVAEZ, Panfllo de (nar-vah'-eth), Spanish adventurer, b. in Valladolid in 1470 ; d. in Florida in November, 1528. He went in his youth to South America, served under several adventurers, and in 1510 was sent by Juan de Esquivel, gov- ernor of Jamaica, to the relief of Alonso de Ojeda (q. v.), who had been shipwrecked upon the coast of Cuba. Joining Diego Velasquez in 1512 with an auxiliary force, he aided him to conquer Cuba, and, being sent to Spain in 1516 to promote Velas- quez's interests, obtained for the latter the com- mission of governor-general of Cuba, and permis- sion to conquer the neighboring continent. In 1520, Velasquez, being envious of Cortes's success in Mexico, and displeased at the latter's resistance to his authority, prepared an expedition against him, and appointed Narvaez commander. Sailing from Havana in March, 1520, the latter landed on 23 April at San Juan d'Uliia, and took and forti- fied Cempoala, where Cortes tried to open negotia- tions with liim. But Narvaez demanded complete submission, and on 26 May, 1520, was defeated by Cortes, severely wounded, and kept a prisoner for several months in Vera Cruz. On his return to Spain he obtained in 1526 the government of Flori- da, and prepared an expedition in Cuba to con- quer that country. Sailing from Havana in March, 1528, with six ships and 300 soldiers, he landed on 1 May near Cape Corrientes, and discovered the Bay of Pensacola. Afterward, entering the territory of the Appalaehe Indians, he began the march westward in search of the rich empire of which he had heard, but after several months of hardship, being continually harassed by hostile tribes, the Spaniards resolved to return to Cuba. With the loss of about half their force, they reached the coast, and constructed five boats, which were shipwrecked at the mouth of Missis- sippi river, and Narvaez with nearly all his follow- ers perished. Only Cabeza de Vaca (q. v.) and three others returned.

'''NASCHER. Friedrich Wilhelm''' (nash'-er), German naturalist, b. in Newent, England, in 1702 ; d. in Paderborn, Westphalia, in 1764. He was a merchant, resided several years in Havana, and, having made a fortune, followed his taste for travel, visiting Brazil and most of the Spanish possessions. On his return to Germany in 1752 he