Page:Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography (1900, volume 4).djvu/484

444 merous operations of lithotomy. — Another son of Valentine, Thaddeus Phelps, soldier, b. in New York city, 7 Dec, 1831 ; d. in Toulon, France, 28 Nov., 1894, was educated in the University of New York. In 1848-'9 he served as sub-lieutenant in Italy. In 1850 he shipped before the mast on the clipper ship " Hornet " for California. He was third mate of the clipper "Hurricane" in 1851, second mate of the ship " St. Denis" in 1852, mate of the " St. Nicholas " in 1854, and returned to California in 1855. He served in Mexico under Ignacio Comon- fort in 1856-'7. In 1861 he became captain of Mott's battery in the 3d Independent New York artillery. He was made captain in the 19th U. S. infantry in 1861, lieutenant-colonel of cavalry in 1863, and later colonel of the 14th New York cav- alry, and chief of outposts in the Department of the Gulf under Gen. William B. Franklin. He re- signed in 1864, and in 1867 was nominated as minister resident to Costa Rica, but declined. He went to Turkey in 1868, and was appointed in 1869 major-general and ferik-pacha in the Egyptian army. In 1870 he was made first aide-de-camp to the khedive. In 1874, his contract with Egypt having expired, he refused to renew it, and in 1875 went to Turkey, where he remained during the Servian and Russo-Turkish wars. In 1879 he set- tled in Toulon, France, on account of his health. In 1868 Gen. Mott was named by the sultan grand officer of the imperial order of the Medjidieh. In 1872 he was made grand officer of the imperial order of the Osmanieh, and in 1878 he was given the war medal of the " Croissant Rouge " nomina- tif, of which but eighteen had been awarded, the sultan himself being one of the number. — Alex- ander Brown's son, Valentine, physician, b. in New York city, 17 Nov., 1852, was graduated at Columbia in 1872, and then studied natural sci- ence at Cambridge, England, where he was gradu- ated in 1876. He was graduated at Bellevue medi- cal college in 1878, and began practice in New York city. He has been attending surgeon for the out-door department of Bellevue hospital since 1879, and has performed many of the larger opera- tions in surgery. In May, 1887, he went to Paris as the representative of the American Pasteur insti- tute, and studied under Louis Pasteur the prophy- lactic treatment for hydrophobia, which he in- troduced into the United States, bringing away the first inoculated rabbit that Pasteur allowed to leave his laboratory. He has successfully treated many that have been bitten by rabid animals. His principal medical paper is " Rabies and How to Prevent it, being a Discussion of Hydrophobia and the Pasteur ]Iethod of Treatment."— A grand- son of the first Valentine, Henry Aiigustns, chem- ist, b. in Clifton. Staten island, N. Y., 22 Oct., 1852 ; d. in New York city, 8 Nov., 1896. He was gradu- ated at the Columbia college school of inines in 1873 with the degree of engineer of mines, and in 1875 received his doctorate in course. Dr. Mott at once directed his attention to technical chemistry, and held consulting relations to sugar, soda, oleomarga- rine, and other industries. His connection with the manufacture of artificial butter dates from its intro- duction into the United States, and his process for preventing the crystallization of the butter made possible the commercial success of the product. In the domain of food chemistry his investigations are numerous, and for three years the supplies that were purchased by the Indian department were examined by him. Dr. Mott frequently ap- peared in court as an expert, and he has conducted numerous investigations for private persons. In 1881-6 he was professor of chemistry in New York medical college and hospital for women. Dr. Mott was the first to question the validity of the wave theory of sound, asserting that he has shown its fallacy. Pie devoted much attention to the so- called" " philosophy of substantialism," and his latest investigations and papers were prepared to establish the entitative nature of force, claiming that it has as much objective existence as matter, though not material ; also in accumulating data to show the fallacy of the wave theory of sound. He received the degree of LL. D. from the University of Florida in 1886, and was a member of the chem- ical societies of London, Paris, Berhn, and New York, and of other scientific associations. The titles of his scientific papers in various departments of ciiemistry and philosophy are very numerous. He published " The Chemist's Manual " (New York, 1878) ; " Was Man Created ? " (1880) ; " The Air we Breathe and Ventilation" (1881): and "The Fal- lacy of the Present Theory of Sound " (1885).

MOTT, William Franklin, philanthropist, b. in New York city, 12 Jan., 1785; d. there, 3 May, 1867. He was a cousin of Valentine Mott. Early in the present century, in partnership with his brother, Samuel F., he established the first house in New York that carried on the domestic commis- sion business. This trade increased rapidly during the war of 1812-'15, when an embargo shut out foreign goods. He retired from business about 1830, and during the remainder of his life was en- gaged in works of benevolence. He labored to prevent the inhuman treatment of foundling chil- dren when they were farmed out by the city au- thorities, and also to check cruelty to animals, long before there was a society for the purpose. He was an active member of the Society of Friends, and a founder or benefactor of many charitable corporations, among them the Manumission so- ciety, established in 1807, the House of refuge, the Eastern dispensary, the Home for the friendless, the Colored orphans' asylum, the Institution for the instruction of the deaf and dumb, and the Woman's hospital.

MOTTA F£0 E TORRES, Lniz de (raot'-tah), Portuguese naval officer, b. in Lisbon, 16 March, 1769; d. there. 26 May. 1823. He entered the navy in 1786 as lieutenant, and served in Brazil. He was given command in 1800 of a squadron of seven men-of-war, escorted a convoy of 114 vessels to Rio Janeiro, and afterward devastated the Span- ish colonies of South America. In 1802 he was ap- pointed governor of the province of Paraiba, in Brazil, and administered it with great efficiency till 1807, when he was sent to serve under Welling- ton in Portugal. In 1811 he was appointed gov- ernor-general of the northern provinces of Brazil, remaining there till 1816. when he became captain- general of Angola. Three years later he was given the presidency of the council for the colonies, and at his death he was a vice-admiral.

MOTTE, Emmannel Augnste Le Caliideuc, Comte du Roys de la (mott), French naval officer, b. in Rennes, 7 June, 1683 ; d. in his castle of Des Mottes, near Rennes, 23 Oct., 1764. He entered the navy as a midshipman in 1698. and for his valor during the expedition to Rio Janeiro in June, 1711, was promoted captain. He was employed afterward in the West Indies and in Canada, and gained, on 28 Nov., 1747, off Martinique, a brilliant naval victory over the English. He was promoted rear-admiral in 1751, and appointed in June of the same year governor-general of Santo Domingo and the French possessions in the West Indies west of Martinique. Gov. Motte fixed his residence in Port au Prince, and did much to improve the