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278 re-eiiforce the garrison of Havana. At the end of 1779 there was an epidemic of small-pox in Mexico and Puebla, and Mayorga took actiA^e measures to establish hospitals, assist the sufferers, and arrest the disease as far as possible. In 1780 he obtained from the widow of the historian Veytia all the docu- ments and manuscripts of her husband about the ancient history of Mexico, and sent copies to tlie royal archives in Spain for publication. Feeling that his health was failing, he requested to be re- lieved, and sailed for Spain in 1783, but died in sight of the port of Cadiz.

'''MAZELLA. Camillus''', cardinal, b. in Bene- vento, Italy, 10 Feb., 1833. He studied in the Col- lege of Benevento, became a member of the Society of Jesus on 4 Sept., 1857, and about ten years later was sent to the United States, where he taught dogmatic theology in Georgetown college in the years 1867-8. In 1867 he was naturalized as an American citizen. In 1869. on the opening of the Jesuit scholasticate at Woodstock, he was ap- pointed prefect of studies and professor of. dog- matic theology. During his stay in this institution he published several theological works, including " De Deo Creante," " De Gratia Christi," and " De Religione et Ecclesia." He was summoned to Rome in October by the provincial-general, and made professor of dogmatic theology in the Roman college. He was afterward created a cardinal.

MAZIEL, Juan Baltasar (mah-the-el'), Argen- tine author, b. in Santa Fe in 1727 : d. in Monte- video, 2 Jan., 1788. He studied in the Jesuit col- lege of Cordova, and afterward in the University of Santiago, Chili, where he was graduated and or- dained priest in 1752. He afterward became pro- fessor of law in the University of San Felipe, coun- sellor of the audiencias of Santiago and Charcas, commissary of the inquisition of Buenos Ayres, canon of the cathedral in that city, vicar-general and governor of the episcopal see, and first chan- cellor of the university. In January, 1787, being suspected by the authorities in consequence of un- just accusations, he was suddenly arrested in his residence and banished to Montevideo. His prin- cipal works are : " Reflexiones sobre la famosa aren- ga que hizo en Lima un individuo de la Universi- dad de San Marcos en el recibimiento del virey Jauregui Aldecoa," " Panegirico y poesias de los truinfos del virey Ceballos," " Defensa legal y eco- nomica de los proeedimientos del obispo de Buenos Ayres Manuel A. de la Torre," and " Recurso al rey con motivo de mi destierro a Montevideo." He left in manuscript several works on ecclesiastical law.

MAZZEI, Philip (mah'-tzay-ee), Italian physi- cian, b. in Tuscany in 1730; d. in Pisa, 19 March, 1816. He studied medicine, practised for several years in Smyrna, and from 1755 till 1773 engaged in commerce in London. In December, 1773, he came to Virginia with several other Italians to in- troduce the cultivation of the grape, the olive, and other fruits of Italy. He took an active part in supporting the movement for independence, and was the friend and correspondent of Thomas Jef- ferson. In 1779-'83 he was an agent in Italy to obtain army stores for Virginia. He revisited the LTnited States in 1785. Subsequently he was privy councillor of the king of Poland, and in 1802 re- ceived a pension from the Emperor Alexander of Russia. He was a zealous republican and an ene- my to intolerance. He published " Recherches his- toriques et politiques sur les Etats-Unis de I'Ame- rique septentrionale " (Paris, 1788).

MEACHAM, James, clergyman, b. in Rutland, Vt., in 1810 : d. in Middlebury, Vt., 22 Aug., 1856. He was graduated at Middlebury in 1832, and while tutor there studied theology, was ordained, and made pastor of a church in New Haven. Vt. In 1846 he became professor of rhetoric and Eng- lish literature at Middlebury, holding this post until 1850. He was elected to congress as a Whig in place of George P. Marsh, resigned, and twice re-elected, serving from 3 Dec, 1849, till his death. He was a regent of the Smithsonian institution.

MEAD, Charles Marsh, clergyman, b. in Corn- wall, Vt., 28 Jan., 1836. He was graduated at Middleburv, Vt., in 1856, and at Andover theologi- cal seminary in 1862. From 1863 till 1866 he studied in Berlin and Halle, and from 1866 till 1882 he was professor of Hebrew at Andover. Since 1882 he has resided in Germany. Dr. Mead was a member of the Old Testament revision com- pany, and received the degree of Ph. D. from Tu- bingen in 1866. and that of D. D. from Middlebury in 1881. His publications include a translation of "Exodus" in the American Lange series (New York, 1876), and " The Soul Here and Hereafter, a Biblical Study " (Boston, 1879).

MEAD, Larkin Goldsmith, sculptor, b. in Chesterfield, N. H., 3 Jan., 1835. At an early age he removed to Brattleboro', Vt., where he was educated and i^rst displayed his artistic talent by mod- elling in snow a colossal figure of an angel, which excited much admiration. An account of this, published in various newspapers, attracted the attention of Nicholas Longworth, of Cincinnati, who provided for the boy's artislic education. From 1853 till 1855 he studied with Henry Kirke Brown in Brooklyn, N. Y. In 1855 he produced the " Recording Angel " and in 1857 a colossal statue of " Vermont," which crowns the dome of the statehouse in Montpelier, and in 1861 he executed the statue of Ethan Allen that stands in the portico. From the encampment of the Army of th-e Potomac he sent to a New York illustrated paper, early in the civil war, numerous spirited sketches of camp and battle scenes. In 1862 he went to Florence, where he has since resided, and has produced there statuettes of " Echo," " Sappho," " Joseph the Shepherd," and " The Mountain Boy." His first elaborate work in Italy was a group, " The Returned Soldier" (1866)! Between 1868 and 1874 he produced the groups " Columbus's Last Appeal to Queen Isabella " and " America," for the soldiers' monument at St. Johnsbury, Vt. Besides portrait busts he has modelled " Venice, the Bride of the Sea," and " The Discovery of America." In 1874 he completed for Vermont a statue of Ethan Allen to be placed in the old hall of representatives in Washington, now called the National statuary hall. His statue of Lincoln for the president's monument in Springfield, 111., was placed there on 15 Oct.. 1874. (See LixcoLN, Abraham.) It represents Mr. Lincoln as having just signed the proclamation of emancipation. He has executed four colossal groups, entitled " Cavalry," " Infantry," "Artillery." and " Navy." and his latest work is a colossal statue in marble of the Mississippi river represented as a river-god. — His brother. William Rutherford, architect, b. in Brattleboro', Vt., 20 Aug., 1846, was graduated at Amherst in 1867, and studied architecture for two years with Russell Sturgis, Jr., in New York. Subsequently he spent two years abroad in the study of his profession, and on his retttrn became associated with Charles F. McKim and Stanford White as a professional architect. In this capacity he has designed a great number of private and public buildings, for a description of the more important of which see McKim, Charles F. — His cousin, Edwin Doak, lecturer, b. in Chesterfield, N. H., 29 Sept., 1849, was educated