Page:Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography (1900, volume 4).djvu/312

276 the beauty of unblemished manhood, consumed by his fiery zeal." The University of Aberdeen gave him the degree of D. D. in 1749. He published, among numerous sermons and addresses, " Seven Sermons " (Boston, 1749) ; " Discourse concerning Unlimited Submission and Non-Resistance to the Higher Powers" (1750); '"Sermons" (1756); and "Sermons to Young Men" (1767). See "A Memoir of the Life and Writings of the Rev. Jonathan Mavhew," bv Alden Bradford (Boston, 1838).

MAYNADIER, William, soldier, b. in Mary- land in 1806; d. in Washington, D. C, 3 July, 1871. He was graduated at the "U. S. military academy in 1827. became 1st lieutenant in 1832, captain in 1838, major and lieutenaut-colonel in 1861, colonel in 1863, and brevet brigadier-general in 1865. He was aide to Gen. Winfield Scott in the Black Hawk war, and on similar duty under Gen. Alexander Macomb during the early part of the Florida war. He was frequently assigned to ord- nance duty while in the artillery, and in 1838, on the increase of that corps, became captain of ord- nance, and was assigned to the Pikeville, Md., arsenal, where he was in command, acting also as chief of ordnance till 1842, when he became prin- cipal assistant to the chief of ordnance. From this date he was closely associated in official con- nection with the successive chiefs of the ordnance bureau, by whom he was greatly valued for his ability and long experience. He was charged and acquitted in 1862 of disloyalty, as accessory to the alleged attempt of Sec. John B. Floyd to transfer U. S. cannon, munition, and arms to the south. In 1864 he was inspector of arsenals and depots.

MAYMARD, Edward, inventor, b. in Madison, N. Y., 26 April, 1813; d. in Washington, D. C, 4 May, 1891. He entered the U. S. military acad- emy in 1831, but resigned in tlie same year, and in 1835 became a dentist. In 1857 he became professor of theory and practice in Baltimore college of dental surgery, and he long held that chair in the dental department of the National university at Washington. He devised many methods and instruments in connection with his profession, but is best known by his improvements in fire-arms. These include a system of priming to take the place of the percussion - cap (1845), which has been applied to rifles and muskets by the U. S. government and abroad; the Maynard breech-loading rifle (1851-'9), which is now in use by nearly all civilized nations ; a method of con- verting muzzle-loading arms into breech-loaders, which has also been adopted here and nbroad (1860) ; a device for joining two gun-barrels so that they may expand or contract endwise inde- pendently; an indicator for showing the number of cartridges in the magazine of a repeating fire- arm at any time ; and numerous minor inventions, all of which have been patented. Dr. Maynard had received many honors, both in the United States and from foreign governments. — His son, (xeorge Willougliby, artist, b. in Washington, D. G., 5 March, 1843, studied at the Royal acad- emy of fine arts of Antwerp in 1869-'73, and in 1878 had a studio in Paris, but returned to this country and has resided in Xew York city. He is a member of the Society of American artists ancl the American water-color society, and has been president of the Salmagundi sketch-club and the American black and white society, and in 1885 was elected a National academician. In 1884 he was awarded a medal at the Pennsylvania academy of fine arts. Besides numerous portraits, his works include "Vespers at Antwerp" and "1776," sent to the Centennial exhibition of 1876 ; " Water Car- i riers of Venice " (1878) ; " Musical Memories " ; and " Venetian Court." He has exhibited at the Na- tional academy "An Ancient Mariner " (1883) ; "Au- rora" (1884); "Strange Gods" (1885); "Portrait of a Child " (1886) ; and " Old and Rare " (1887).

MAYNARD, Horace, statesman, b. in West- borough, Mass., 13 Aug., 1814 ; d. in Knoxville. Tenn., 3 May, 1882. He was graduated at Amherst in 1838, and removed to Knoxville, Tenn., where he was instructor in East Tennessee college in 1839-'43, and the next year was appointed professor there of mathematics and natural history. He was admitted to the bar in 1845, and practised with success till 1857, when he took his seat in congress, having been elected as an American, and served till 1863. He returned to Knoxville after its oc- cupation by Gen. Ambrose E. Burnside in the autumn of that year, but his property had been confiscated and his family driven from east Ten- nessee. He was staj;e attorney-general in 1864, a delegate to the Baltimore Republican convention, and a presidential elector. He was returned to the 39th congress as a Republican, but did not take his seat till 29 July, 1866, after which he served till 1875. In 1867 he was president of the Border state convention. He was appointed U. S. minister to Turkey in 1875, resigned in 1880, and in August of that year became postmaster-general in Presi- dent Hayes's cabinet, serving till March, 1881.

MAYO, Amory Dwight, clergyman, b. in Warwick, Mass., 31 Jan., 1823. He was in Amherst college in 1843-'4, but was obliged to leave on account of failing health, and, after studying theology under Hosea Ballou, was pastor of the Independent Christian church at Gloucester, Mass., in 1846-'54, of a church in Cleveland, Ohio, in 1854-'6, and then of Unitarian churches in Albany, N. Y., Cincinnati, Ohio, and Springfield, Mass., till 1879, since which time he has been engaged in educational work in the southern states. He served for fifteen years as a member of the boards of education in Cincinnati and Springfield, and has been a strong advocate of the use of the Bible in the public schools, and of the proposed &ldquo;Christian amendment&rdquo; to the U. S. constitution. He has for many years delivered an annual course of lectures in the Meadville, Pa., theological school, in which he held the chair of ecclesiastical polity. Mr. Mayo was for six years associate editor of the &ldquo;National Journal of Education&rdquo; in Boston. He has contributed largely to periodicals, and published &ldquo;The Balance&rdquo; (Boston, 1847); &ldquo;Graces and Powers of the Christian Life&rdquo; (1850); &ldquo;Symbols of the Capital,&rdquo; discourses on Christian civilization (New York, 1859); &ldquo;Religion in Common Schools&rdquo; (Cincinnati, 1869); and &ldquo;Talks with Teachers&rdquo; (1878). He also edited a volume of selections from his wife's writings, with a memoir (Boston, 1849), &mdash; His wife, Sarah Carter Edgarton, author, b. in Shirley, Mass., 17 March, 1819; d. in Gloucester, Mass., 9 July, 1848, began to contribute to journals at the age of seventeen. She edited &ldquo;The Rose of Sharon,&rdquo; an annual, from 1840 till her death, and for several years conducted &ldquo;The Ladies' Repository,&rdquo; a monthly magazine in Boston. She married Mr. Mayo in 1846. Mrs. Mayo published between 1836 and 1844 &ldquo;The Palfreys,&rdquo; &ldquo;Ellen Clifford,&rdquo; and &ldquo;Memoirs of Mrs. Julia W. Scott,&rdquo; and compiled &ldquo;The Poetry of Women,&rdquo; &ldquo;The Flower Vase,&rdquo; &ldquo;Spring Flowers,&rdquo; &ldquo;The Floral Fortune-Teller,&rdquo; and &ldquo;Fables of Flora.&rdquo;

MAYO, William, civil engineer, b. in England about 1685; d. in Richmond, Va., 20 Oct., 1744. In 1716 he emigrated to the island of Barbadoes, of which he made an excellent survey between