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196 fence of Fort Brown, Tex., which he built, in 1846, and the following September was brevetted lieu- tenant-colonel for gallant and meritorious conduct in the engagements at Monterey, where he received seven severe wounds. In 1847 he was brevetted colonel for meritorious services at Buena Vista. On 28 May, 1853, he was appointed inspector-gen- eral of the U. S. army, with the rank of colonel, and in May, 1861, he was commissioned brigadier- general of "volunteers and placed in command of the Department of Washington. He fortified the city on every side and crowned the heights of Ar- lington with earthworks. On the return of Gen. Wool to Fortress Monroe he was sent to Hatteras, and afterward to Camp Hamilton and Newport News. On 10 May he marched with a division to the attack on Norfolk, and, after the capture of that place, was assigned to the command of Suf- folk, Va., where he acted as military governor. After the second battle of Bull Run he was sum- moned to the court of inquiry at Washington, and during the delay, becoming impatient for active duty, he was assigned to the command of the corps formerly under Gen. Nathaniel P. Banks. At the battle of Antietam he fell mortally wounded early in the day while cheering on his troops in a charge. On the 18th of the previous July he had been pro- moted major-general of volunteers.

MANSFIELD, Richard, clergyman, b. in New Haven, Conn., 1 Oct., 1723; d. in Derby. Conn., 12 April, 1820. He was prepared to enter Yale when he was only eleven years of age, but waited until he was fourteen, and remained there two years as a resident graduate. During this period he renounced Congregationalism and became an Episcopalian. After teaching three years in New Haven, he sailed for England in 1748 to obtain ordination. Return- ing the following year, he became rector of Derby, Conn., in connection with West Haven, Waterbury, and Northbury. About 1755 he relinquished the care of the three last-named churches, and from that time until his death he remained in charge of those at Derby and Oxford. He was rector of the parish of Derby for the almost unprecedented period of seventy-two years. During the Revolution his sympathies were strongly enlisted on the side of the mother-country. In a letter dated 29 Dec, 1775, he writes : " As soon as these sparks of civil dissension appeared, which have since been blown up into a devouring flame, I did, as I thought it my duty, inculcate on my parishioners, both from the pulpit and in private conversation, the duty of peaceableness and quiet subjection to the king and to the parent state. . . . That my endeavors and influence have had some effect appears from hence, that out of 180 families, which attended divine service in our two churches, it is well known that 110 of them are steadfast friends to government, and that they detest and abhor the present un- natural rebellion." Having subsequently addressed a letter to Gov. William Tryon, expressing the opinion that, in case the king's troops were sent to protect the loyalists, several thousand men in the three western counties of the colony of Connecticut would join them, and the contents of the letter having been communicated to the committee of in- quiry, orders were given for JNIansfield's arrest, but he escaped to Long Island. Dr. Mansfield was an excellent classical scholar, a man of winning man- ners, exceedingly hospitable, and a sound and in- structive preacher. He was tall, and always wore a large white wig, a broad, flat-brimmed hat, small- clothes, and shoes. A friend of his once said, when a gust of wind blew off the old gentleman's hat as he was riding by, that " it seemed as if they were laughing at an angel." He was also well known for his politeness. Passing some children of his flock, whose rapid growth surprised him, he ex- claimed : " Why, my dear children, you grow like weeds — no, I should have said, like flowers in the garden ! " He was given the degree of D. D. by Yale in 1792. — His wife, Anna Hull, was an aunt of Gen. William Hull.

'''MANSHIP. Andrew''', clergyman, b in Caroline countv, Md., 23 June, 1824. He left school in 1837, and in 1843 was admitted to the Philadel- phia conference of the Methodist Episcopal church. He was made deacon in 1845 and elder in 1847,. held various charges, and in 1856 was appointed tract agent of the Philadelphia conference ; but in 1863 he was again assigned to regular pastoral work. Since that period he has been engaged in missionary work in Philadelphia. At present (1888> he is an evangelist in that city, his last pastoral connection having terminated in 1879. In 1866-'7 he edited the " Home Missionary and Tract Maga- zine." He is the author of " Thirteen Years in the Itineracy" (Philadelphia, 1856, now in its 16th thousand); " Cherished Memories "(1859); "Remi- niscences from the Saddle-Bags of a Methodist Preacher " (1878) ; and " History of Gospel-Tents and Experience " (1884). He has compiled " The Patriot's Hymn-Book" (1862) and "National Jew- els" (1866),and is at present (1888) writing " Forty Years in the Wilderness," which will be a complete- review of his life.

MANSO, Alonso (man'-so). Spanish R. C. bish- op, b. in the province of Rioja about 1470 : d. in Saint John's, Porto Rico, in 1540. He was canon of Salamanca and chaplain of the prince Don Juan, and on 8 May, 1512, the king appointed him to the first bishopric of the New World. Porto Rico. He was consecrated on 26 Sept., 1512, in Seville, and at the beginning of 1513 went to Caparra, then the- capital of the island, to take possession of his bish- opric, appointing canons and other ofiicers of the cathedral and establishing tithes for its mainte- nance. The colonists resisted the payment of the tithes, and the bishop being obliged to return to Spain, resolved to retire to his canoncy of Sala- manca; but, at the king's request, he returned to Porto Rico with the additional character of in- quisitor of the Indies and abandoned the exaction of the tithes. He held these places during twenty- seven years, being the first who occupied them in America. He founded the hospital of San Ilde- fonso, which before being used in that capacity was dedicated to the teaching of children. His body was buried in the cathedral of Saint John's, but his mausoleum was destroyed afterward by the Dutch under Bodnvn Hendricks.

MANSO DE VELASCO, José Antonio, count of Superunda, viceroy of Peru. b. in Biscay late in the 17th century ; d. in Spain about 1770. He served in the royal guard regiment, rose to the rank of brigadier, and was appointed in 1735 governor of the Philippine islands, but was retained in Spain, as his services there were indispensable. He was appointed in 1736 president of the audience of Chili, soon afterward promoted major-general, and. after the earthquake of 1737 in Valdivia, did important service in relieving distress and founded several towns. After his promotion to lieutenant-general he took possession in 1745 of the viceroyalty of Peru. In the following year occurred a terrible earthquake, which destroyed the city of Lima and inundated Callao. killing 10,000 people. He was very active in helping the victims and in rebuilding the cities. On 10 Feb.. 1747. he founded the city of Bellavista. In 1750 the Indi-