Page:Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography (1900, volume 4).djvu/211

Rh MAHONE, William, senator, b. in Southampton county, Va., 1 Dec, 1827 ; d. in Washington, 8 Oct., 1895. He was graduated at Virginia mili- tary institute, and until the civil war engaged in engineering, and was the constructor of the Nor- folk and Petersburg railroad. He joined the Con- federate army in 18G1, took part in the capture of Norfolk navy-yard in April of that year, raised and commanded the 6th Virginia regiment, was en- gaged in most of the battles of the peninsular campaign, those on the Rappahannock, and those around Petersburg, where he won the sobriquet of the " hero of the Crater," and was throughout his career noted as a fighting commander. He was commissioned brigadier-general in March, 18(54, and major-general in August of the same year. He subsequently led a division in Ambros'e P. Hill's corps, and at Lee's surrender was at Bermu- da Hundred. At the close of the war he returned to engineering, and became president of the Nor- folk and Tennessee railroad. He also engaged in politics, was the leader of the movement that elected Gilbert C. Walker governor of Virginia, and, after failing to secure the nomination for that office in 1878, organized and became the leader of the Readjuster party, which advocated conditional repudiation of the state debt. He was elected U. S. senator in 1880, served till Mai-ch, 1887, and was defeated at the next election.

MAILLARD, Abbe, b. in France late in the 17th century; d. in Halifax, Nova Scotia, in 1768. He was a priest of the Society of foreign missions of Paris, and was sent to Canada abouit 1738. He was afterward appointed vicar-general of Acadia. After the capture of Louisburg in 1758 he re- mained in the neighborhood, hiding in the woods during the daytime, and at night attending to the religious needs of the fishermen that were allowed to stay in the country. On the conclusion of peace in 1760 he left his retreat, and labored among the Indian tribes and in the few Acadian villages in Cape Breton and on the coast of Miramichi. The Micmack Indians, a partially converted tribe, at this time inflicted considerable losses on the Eng- lish colonists, who found it impossible to reach them. The Abbe Maillard was requested by the governor of Halifax to use his influence to stop their cruelties, and was entirely successful. He was then invited to settle in Halifax, and a church was built for him by order of the English govern- ment, to which the Micmaeks and scattered Acadi- ans came to worship. He was buried at the ex- pense of the English authorities.

MAIR, Charles, Canadian poet, b. in Lanark. Canada, 21 Sept.. 1840. His father, James, emi- grated from Scotland about 1780, and was one of the pioneers of the square timber trade in the tributaries of the Ottawa. The son was educated in Perth grammar-school and at Queen's college, Kingston, and studied medicine iintil he was called to make researches in the parliamentary library in reference to the cjuestion that was then pending about the transfer of the northwest terri- tories to Canada. In 1868 he was appointed by the government paymaster of the party that was sent to Red river to open communication with the Lake of the Woods. Dui'ing the first northwestern rebellion in 1869 he was taken prisoner, and told by Louis Riel that he would be executed, but made his escape, and raised a force at Portage La Prairie, which marched to Fort Garry and forced Riel to surrender the other prisoners. Through treachery other captures were made by the insurgents, but Mair escaped, and, walking about 400 miles on snow-shoes, reached Ontario. Subsequently he re- turned to the northwest to recover his scattered manuscripts, but was unsuccessful, and, disheart- ened by the loss, he abandoned literature and entered into the fur-trade at Portage La Prairie, remaining there until 1876, when he removed to Pi'inee Albert to conduct the same business. Dur- ing this period he contributed to the " Canadian Monthly." About 1888 he foresaw the trouble that culminated in the northwest rebellion of 1885, and withdrew to Windsor. At the opening of the rebellion he attached himself to the governor- general's body-guard as quartermaster, and served with that corps during the entire campaign, re- turning afterward to Toronto, and receiving a medal for his services. He is the author of " Dream- land and other Poems " (Ottawa, 1868), and a dranux entitled " Tecumseh " (Toronto, 1886).

MAIR, Hugh, clergyman, b. in New Milns, Ayrshire, Scotland, 16 July, 1797; d. in Fergus, Waterloo co., Canada, 1 Nov., 1854. He was gradu- ated at Glasgow in 1817, studied theology at Edin- burgh, and was licensed to preach in 1822. After being employed as a missionary he came to this country in 1828, and was ordained and installed pastor of Presbyterian churches at Fort Miller and Northumberland, N. Y. He was pastor at Johns- town in 1880-'43, and after supplying pulpits in Brockport and Warsaw went to Uppei- Canada in 1847 and took charge of a church in Fergus until his death. The degree of D. D. was conferred upon him by the University of New York in 1842. He published separate sermons, and after his death a memoir of him, with selected sermons, was issued by A. Dingwall Fordyce (1856).

MAISCH, John Michael, pharmacist, b. in Hanau, Germany, 30 Jan., 1831. He was educated at the scientific schools of his native town, and after participating in the liberal agitations in Germany during 1848-'9 came to the United States in the latter year and acted as a clerk in Baltimore, Washington, Philadelphia, and New York. He was professor of materia medica and pharmacy in the New York college of pharmacy in 1861-'3, and then became chief chemist of the U. S. army laboratory in Philadelphia. This office he held until 1866, when he became the proprietor of a pharmaceutical establishment in Philadelphia, and professor of pharmacy at the Philadelphia college of pharmacy. Since 1867 he has been professor of materia medica and botany in that institution. Prof. Maisch disposed of his business in 1871, and during 1870-'81 had charge of the chemical laboratory of the Philadelphia college of pharmacy. In 1871 he received the degrees of Phar. M. and Phar. D. from the Maryland college of pharmacy. He has been very active in the American pharmaceutical association, and its permanent secretary since 1865, having charge of the editing of its annual volume of proceedings. He was also one of the committee of revision of the &ldquo;U. S. Pharmacopœia.&rdquo; His original investigations in technical pharmacy have been many, and have reference to improved processes of analysis, botanical methods, and chemical researches. These for the most part have been published in the &ldquo;American Journal of Pharmacy,&rdquo; of which he became editor in 1870. He has edited &ldquo;Griffith's Universal Formulary&rdquo; (3d ed., Philadelphia, 1874); &ldquo;The National Dispensatory,&rdquo; with Alfred M. Stillé (4 eds., 1879-'86); and &ldquo;Manual Organic Materia Medica&rdquo; (3 eds., 1882-'7).

MAISONNEUVE, Paul de Chomedey, Sieur de, first governor of Montreal, b. in Champagne, France ; d. in Paris, 9 Sept., 1676. He entered the French army in his thirteenth year, and was selected as the leader of a band of colonists that were