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Rh of books and objects of art, and was well known as a connoisseur. Before his death he sold his paintings to Vassar college, and presented his Protestant theological works to Newton seminary, his Roman Catholic collection to Cardinal John McCloskey, miscellaneous books to Colby univer- sity and Bates college. Me., illustrated art works to Rochester university, and water-color drawings to the New York metropolitan museum of art. Dr. Magoon was an eloquent preacher and lecturer, and made himself popular by the bold enunciation of broad humanitarian views. He was the only •clergyman in Philadelphia who advocated opening the permanent exhibition to the public on Sun- days. He was the author of " Eloquence of the Colonial Times " (Cincinnati, 1847) ; " Orators of the American Revolution " (New York, 1848) ; "Proverbs for the People" (Boston, 1848); "Liv- ing Orators in America" (New York, 1849) : " Re- publican Christianity " (Boston, 1849) ; and " West- ward Empire " (New York, 1856).

MAORATH, William (mag-rah'), artist, b. in Cork, Ireland, 20 March, 1838. After attending the Cork school of art he came to this country, and opened a studio in New York city. He was one of the earlier membei-s of the American society of painters in water-colors, and was elected an as- sociate member of the National academy in 1874, and a National academician in 1876. He moved to England in 1879, but returned to this country in 1883 and established his studio in Washington. He has executed many strong and original works, of which " On the Old Sod " (1879) attracted much attention for its technical merits and the fine sen- timent that it suggested. Other works from his hand are " Irish Peasantry returning from the Fair" (1869); "Empty Flagon" (1873); "Court- yard with Donkey " ; " Irish Interior " ; " Dairy Maid " ; " Mussel Gratherers " and " Nora," in wa- ter-colors ; " Ranen " (1884) ; " Recreation " (1885) ; " Ah ! Rory, be aisey, don't taze me no more ! " (1886); and "Meditation" (1887).

MAGRUDER, Allan Bowie, senator, b. in Kentucky about 1775; d. in Opelousas, La., 16 April, 1822. He received an academic education, studied law in Lexington. Ky., was admitted to the bar, and removed to Louisiana, where he was a member of the state house of representatives and was subsequently elected a U. S. senator as a Democrat, serving from 18 Nov., 1812, till 3 March, 1813. He was the author of " Reflections on the Cession of Louisiana" (Lexington, 1803), and " Character of Mr. Jefferson," and had collected material for a general history of the North Ameri- can Indians, which was left unfinished. MAdJRUDER, John Bankhead, soldier, b. in Winchester, Va., 15 Aug., 1810; d. in Houston, Tex., 19 Feb., 1871. He was graduated at the U. S. military academy in 1830, assigned to the ar- tillery, and served in the west, in Maine, and at Fort McHenry, Baltimore. In the Mexican war he commanded the light battery of Gen. Pil- low's division, and was brevetted major for gallant- ry at Cerro Gordo, and lieutenant-colonel for Cha- pultepec, where he was severely wounded. After the war he served in Maryland, California, and Newport, R. I., where he was in command of Fort Adams. While holding this last post he added greatly to the gayety of Newport by the splen- did entertainments that he gave at the fort during the fashionable season. When Virginia seceded, he resigned his commission, that of captain of ar- tillery, and entered the Confederate army. After gaining the battle of Big Bethel, he was made brigadier-general and placed in command of the Confederate forces on the peninsula, with his head- quarters at Yorktown, where for several weeks he opposed the advance of the National army. He was then promoted major-general and took part in the seven days' fighting around Richmond, espe- ciallv in the battle of Malvern Hill. On 16 Oct., 1862, he was placed in command of the Department of Texas, and on 1 Jan., 1863, he re- covered Galveston from the National forces, capturing the steamer " Har- riet Lane," and dispersing for a time the blockad- ing squadi'on. He remained in com- mand in Texas un- til the close of the war, when he entered the army of Maximilian in Mexico, with the rank of major-general, serving until the emperor's downfall and execution. He then returned to the United States and lectured, in Baltimore and other cities, on Mexico. In I8(iy he settled in Houston, where he remained until his death. — His niece, Julia, author, b. in Charlottesville, Va., 14 Sept., 1854, has published " Across the Chasm," anony- mous (New York, 1885); "At Anchor" (Philadel- phia, 1887) ; "A Magnificent Plebeian " (New York, 1887) ; and " Honored in the Breach " (1892).

MAGUIRE, Thomas, Canadian clergyman, b, in Halifax, Nova Scotia, about 1776; d. in Quebec in 1854. He was ordained priest in 1800, and after several years was made vicar-general of the diocese of Quebec. In 1820 he was appointed bishop in partibus, and coadjutor vicar-apostolic of Nova Scotia, but declined. In 1826 he went to London to oppose, on behalf of the Canadian secular clergy, an arrangement between the Sulj)itians of Montreal and the British government regarding the seign- iorial rights of the former. He afterward went to Rome, where he obtained a decision from the propaganda against the Sulpitians. In 1833 he was again charged with a mission to Rome. Dr. Maguire published numerous works dealing with educational and polemical questions, among them " Recueil des locutions vicieuses " ; " Obser- vations d'un Catholique sur Thistoire du Canada par I'llonorable M. Smith " (Quebec, 1827) ; " Clerge canadien venge par les ennemis, ou observations sur un ouvrage recent, intitule ; Tableau statistique et politique des deux Canadas" (1835) ; "Manuel de jurisprudence a I'usage des ecclesiastiques " ; " Recueil de notes diverses sur le gouvernement d'une paroisse, I'administrationd'une paroisse, etc., adresse a un jeune cure de campagne " (1845) ; and " Doctrine de I'Eglise catholique concernant la soumission aux autorites civiles."

MAHAM, Hezekiah, soldier, b. in St. Stephen's parish, S. C, 26 June. 1739; d. there in 1789. Pie was elected a member of the first Provincial congress of South Carolina, and in other ways actively promoted the cause of American freedom. In 1776 he was elected a captain in the first rifle regiment, under Col. Isaac Huger, and served during the siege of Savannah and in the battle of Stono. He was then made a commander of horse in Gen. Francis Marion's brigade, and in the attack on Fort Watson, in April, 1781, he suggested the erection