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138 the Agricultural association in 1881. He was an unsuccessful candidate for the legislature of On- tario in 1871, but was elected to the Dominion parliament for the city of Ottawa in 1882. He is president of the Ottawa Colonization railway, of the Ottawa and Gatineau Valley railway, and of the " Citizen " printing and publishing company. He wrote "The Chicago Fire" (1871): "The Fi- nancial Panic in the United States and its Causes " (1873) ; a prize poem for the O'Connell centennial, for which he was awarded a gold and silver medal (1875) ; and speeches in pamphlet-form, in which he advocates a protective tariff (1876-'8) ; and he edited the " Canadian Parliamentary Companion " (Ottawa, 1877-"82).

McKNIGHT, Alexander, Canadian educator, b. in Ayrshire, Scotland, about 1828 ; d. 27 April, 1894. After taking a four years' course in the University of Glasgow, he entered New college, Edinburgh, and from 1845 till 1849 studied theol- ogy. He was licensed to preach by the Free church presbytery in 1850, and in January, 1855, was ap- pointed, by the colonial committee of the church, teacher of Hebrew at Halifax free college. In 1857 Mr. McKnight became pastor of St. James's church, Dartmouth, Nova Scotia, and until 1868 acted as minister and professor. In the same year he be- came professor of exegeties in addition to Hebrew, in 1871 the chair of systematic theology was given to him. and in 1877 the degree of D. D. was con- ferred upon him. In 1878, after the union of all the Presbyterian churches in Canada, Dr. McKnight was appointed principal of the Presbyterian college of the maritime provinces at Halifax. He was moderator of the general assembly of the Presb'terian church in 1885-'6. Mcknight, CUarles, surgeon, b. in Cranbury, N. J., 10 Oct., 1750; d. in New York, 10 Nov., 1791. His grandfather, a Presbyterian min- ister, emigrated to this country in 1740 and settled in New Jersey. His father was also a minister, and by opposing the crown made enemies of the Tories, who burned his church in Middletown Point in 1777 and threw him in prison, where he died in 1778. The son, after graduation at Prince- ton in 1771, studied medicine with Dr. William Shippen, entered the Revolutionary army, and be- came senior surgeon of the Flying hospital of the middle department on 11 April, 1777. At one time he acted as the chief physician and surgeon- general in command of the huts or hospital at the cantonments on Hudson river near New Windsor. After the close of the war he settled in New York city, married the daughter of Gen. John Morin Scott, and was eminent as a surgeon. From 1785 till his death he was professor of anatomy at Co- lumbia. Dr. McKnight published various papers on medical and surgical subjects.

McKNIGHT, George, poet, b. in Sterling, Ca- yuga CO., N. Y., 14 March. 1840. He was graduated at Genesee college. Lima, N. Y., in 1860, received the degree of M. D. from Buffalo medical college in 1864, and since that date has practised medicine in Sterling. He is the author of " Firm Ground " (Sterling, 1877). a collection of religious sonnets, revised and reissued with the title " Life and Faith " (New York, 1878).

Mcknight, Harvey Washington, clergy- man, b. in McKnightstown, Adams co., Pa., 3 April, 1843. After seiwing in the civil war as lieutenant of Pennsylvania volunteers and then as adjutant of a militia regiment, he was graduated at Pennsylvania college, Gettysburg, in 1865, and at the theological seminary there in 1867. and in the latter year was ordained to the ministry of the Lutheran church, in which he has since con- tinued. After holding pastorates at Newville, Pa., in 1867-'70. Easton, Pa., in 1872-'80, and Cincin- nati, Ohio, in 1880-'4, he was elected in the last- named year president of Peftnsvlvania college, which post he now (1888) fills, "in 1880 he re- ceived the degree of D. D. from Monmouth col- lege, 111. He has published an historical address at the semi-centennial of Pennsylvania college (Gettysburg, 1882), and his inaugural address as president of Pennsylvania college (1884).

McLACHLAN, Alexander, poet, b. in John- stone, Scotland, 12 Aug., 1818; d. in Orangeville, Ontario, 20 March, 1896. His father, a mechanic and the author of verses, purchased land in Cana- da in 1820. which he partially cleared, but returned to Scotland and died there. The son aided in sup- porting the family by working in a cotton-factory, after which he became a tailor's apprentice, but devoted his leisure to study. In 1841 he removed to Canada, and in 1862 he was sent by the Cana- dian government to Scotland to represent the ad- vantages of emigration. In 1874 he again visited Scotland and delivered lectures on Canadian life and literary subjects. His aim had been to amelio- rate the condition of the working classes, and ta be an exponent of their desires and feelings. He had also lectured in the United States and Cana- da, and was the author of " Poems, chieflv in the Scottish Dialect "(1855); "Lyrics" (1858); "The Emigrant and other Poems " (1861) ; and " Poems- and Songs " (Toronto, 1874). See " The Poets and Poetry of Scotland," edited by Gen. James Grant Wilson (2 vols., New York, 1876).

McLANAHAN, James Xavier, lawyer, b. near Greencastle, Franklin co.. Pa., in 1809 ; d. in New York city, 16 Dec, 1861. He was graduated at Dickinson college, Carlisle, Pa., in 1826, studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began to prac- tise in Chambersburg, Pa. In 1841 he served in the Pennsylvania legislature, and he was afterward elected to congress as a Democrat, holding his seat from 3 Dec. 1849, till 8 March, 1853. As chairman of the judiciary committee he projected several reforms that met with the concurrence of the house and the nation. McLANDBURGH, Florence, author, b. in Chillicothe. Ohio, 22 April, 1850. In 1863 she re- moved with her family to Chicago, where she has since resided. She was educated by her brother- John, a critic and essayist, and in 1868 began ta write imaginative sketches and tales. Several brilliant short stories that she contributed to pe- riodicals gave her a reputation, and she afterward published a collection of them in book-form, under the title of " The Automaton Ear " (Chicago, 1876). But impaired health subsequently compelled her to abandon literary work, and she has spent sev- eral years in travelling.

'''McLANE. Allan''', soldier and jurist, b. 8 Aug., 1746; d. in Wilmington, Del., 22 May, 1829. He removed to Kent county, Del., in 1774, and took an early and active part in the American Revolution, He was a volunteer in the Great Bridge fight, near Norfolk, Va., in 1775, where the Virginia militia repelled an assault of 600 British and Tories with a loss of 55 to the enemy in killed and wounded, only one of the patriots being injured. Afterward he joined Rodney's Delaware regiment as lieutenant, sacrificing his valuable property in Philadelphia when that city was occupied by the British. He fought gallantly at the battles of Long Island, White Plains, Princeton, Monmouth, and Yorktown, and retired from the army at the close of the war with the rank of colonel. In a personal combat with three Brit-