Page:Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography (1900, volume 2).djvu/682

648 tariff was investigated. In 1889 he became judge of the district court of South Carolina, which office he held until his death.

GILCHRIST, William Wallace, musician, b. in Jersey City, N. J., in 184G. He removed with his parents to Philadelphia, and at nine years of age began a course of musical study under Prof. H. A. Clarke, of the University of Pennsylvania. In 1872 he went to Cincinnati and became organist of the New Jerusalem church. In 1888 he returned to Philadelphia, where he has since resided. He has won three prizes for compositions from the Mendelssohn glee club of New York city, and in 1882 the Cincinnati May festival prize was awarded by Reinecke, Saint Saens, and Theodore Thomas to his setting of the 46th Psalm.

GILDER, William Henry, clergyman, b. in Philadelphia, Pa., 17 Sept., 1812; d. at Brandy Station, Va., 13 April, 1864. His father, John Gilder, laid the corner-stone of Girard college. The son was educated at Wesleyan university, became a preacher in the Methodist church, and was afterward ordained. In 1836 he made an equestrian tour of the southern states, going as far as New Orleans. In 1840 he began the publication of the &ldquo;Philadelphia Repository,&rdquo; a literary monthly, but discontinued it at the end of a year. Subsequently he published for a few years in Philadelphia the &ldquo;Literary Register,&rdquo; a quarterly review. Mr. Gilder in 1842 established Bellevue female seminary in Bordentown, N. J., which in 1848 he removed to Flushing, L. I., and in 1857 it was chartered as a college. He became chaplain of the 40th regiment of New York volunteers at the beginning of the civil war, and remained in active service until his death. &mdash; His son, William Henry, explorer, b. in Philadelphia, 16 Aug., 1838, enlisted as a private in the 5th New York volunteers at the beginning of the civil war, and was afterward transferred to the 40th. But during a large part of the war he served on the staff of Gen. Thomas W. Egan, and on being mustered out at its close was brevetted major. In June, 1878, he accompanied Lieut. Schwatka, as second in command, on his expedition to King William's Land in search of the relics of Sir John Franklin. This expedition was marked by the longest sledge-journey on record &mdash; 3,251 statute miles. In June, 1881, he accompanied the &ldquo;Rodgers&rdquo; expedition in search of the &ldquo;Jeannette,&rdquo; and when the &ldquo;Rodgers&rdquo; was burned, 30 Nov., he made a midwinter journey from Bering strait across Siberia, to telegraph news of the disaster to the secretary of the navy. He then joined in the search on the Lena delta for the survivors of the &ldquo;Jeannette.&rdquo; Maj. Gilder spent the summer and autumn of 1883 in Tonquin, where the French and Anamese war was in progress, and in 1884 was one of the first to visit the scene of the earthquakes in Spain. On these occasions, as well as in his arctic expeditions, he acted as correspondent of the &ldquo;New York Herald.&rdquo; He has published &ldquo;Schwatka's Search&rdquo; (New York, 1881) and &ldquo;Ice-Pack and Tundra&rdquo; (1883). &mdash; Another son, Richard Watson, editor, b. in Bordentown, N. J., 8 Feb., 1844, was educated mainly in his father's school. He joined the staff of the Newark, N. J., &ldquo;Advertiser&rdquo; in 1865, and in 1868, with Newton Crane, established the Newark &ldquo;Morning Register.&rdquo; In 1869 he became editor of &ldquo;Hours at Home,&rdquo; and when that magazine was merged into &ldquo;Scribner's Monthly&rdquo; (now the &ldquo;Century&rdquo;) he was made associate editor of the new periodical. On the death of Dr. J. G. Holland in October, 1881, Mr. Gilder succeeded him as editor-in-chief. He received the degree of LL. D. from Dickinson college in 1883. He has

published four volumes of poems, &ldquo;The New Day&rdquo; (New York, 1875); &ldquo;The Poet and his Master&rdquo; (1878); &ldquo;Lyrics,&rdquo; which is largely made up of the two previous volumes (1885); &ldquo;The Celestial Passion&rdquo; (1887); &ldquo;Two Worlds&rdquo; (1891); &ldquo;The Great Remembrance&rdquo; (1893); five books of song (1894); and &ldquo;For the Country&rdquo; (1897). &mdash; A sister, Jeannette Leonard, b. in Flushing, N. Y., 3 Oct., 1849. After being associated with the editorial department of &ldquo;Scribner's Monthly,&rdquo; she became in 1875 literary editor of the &ldquo;New York Herald,&rdquo; acting later as its musical and dramatic critic. In 1881, she and her brother Joseph established &ldquo;The Critic,&rdquo; which they still edit. She was correspondent of &ldquo;The Academy,&rdquo; London, and is the author of &ldquo;Taken by Siege,&rdquo; a novel (Philadelphia, 1886); has edited &ldquo;Pen Portraits of Literary Women,&rdquo; with Helen Gray Cone (1887); &ldquo;Essays from the Critic,&rdquo; with Joseph B. Gilder (1882); &ldquo;Authors at Home,&rdquo; with the same (1889); and &ldquo;Representative Poems of Living Poets&rdquo; (1886).

GILDERSLEEVE, Basil Lanneau, educator, b. in Charleston, S. C., 23 Oct., 1831. He was graduated at Princeton in 1849, and then studied at the universities of Berlin, Bonn, and Göttingen in Germany, taking the degree of Ph. D. at the latter institution in 1853. Soon after his return to the United States he was elected professor of Greek in the University of Virginia, where he remained from 1856 till 1876, also occupying the chair of Latin in that university from 1861 till 1866. On the establishment of the Johns Hopkins university, he was called to the professorship of Greek there, and has since held that appointment. He has received the degrees of LL. D. from William and Mary in 1869, and from Harvard in 1886, and of D. C. L. from the University of the south in 1884. Prof. Gildersleeve has taken high rank as a Greek scholar, and has edited the &ldquo;American Journal of Philology,&rdquo; which was founded in Baltimore in 1880. He has published six Latin text-books (New York, 1867-'83) and editions of &ldquo;Persius&rdquo; (1875); &ldquo;Justin Martyr&rdquo; (1877); and the &ldquo;Olympian and Pythian Odes of Pindar&rdquo; (1885).

GILDERSLEEVE, Benjamin, editor, b. near Norwalk, Conn., 5 Jan., 1791; d. in Tazewell county, Va., 20 June, 1875. He was graduated at Middlebury college in 1814, and after teaching in Mount Zion, Ga., until 1817, he entered Princeton theological seminary, where he remained a year. He became editor of &ldquo;The Missionary&rdquo; in 1819, and was ordained an evangelist of the Presbyterian church in August, 1820. His editorial labors continued, and he had charge of &ldquo;The Christian Observer&rdquo; from 1820 till 1845. He then removed to Richmond, Va., and became sole editor of &ldquo;The Watchman and Observer&rdquo; until 1850, when for the four ensuing years he was associated with the Rev. Moses D. Hoge, D. D., and Rev. Thomas V. Moore, D. D., in the editorship of &ldquo;The Central Presbyterian.&rdquo; During his residence in Virginia he preached whenever it was possible, especially in the Virginia penitentiary, where his work was very successful. In advanced years his sight failed him, but he continued his ministry long afterward.

GILES, Chauncey, clergyman, b. in Charlemont, Mass., 11 May, 1813; d. in Philadelphia, 6 Nov., 1893. He was educated at Williams, but left during his junior year. Subsequently he was engaged in teaching, and continued so occupied until 1858, when he became a clergyman of the church of the New Jerusalem. For ten years he preached in Cincinnati, then for fifteen years in New York, after which he became pastor of the first New Jerusalem society in Philadelphia. In