Page:Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography (1900, volume 2).djvu/620

588 GANA, Jose Francisco, Chilian soldier, b. in Santiago, 13 Nov., 1791 ; d. in Nuiioa, 10 Feb., 1862. He entered military service in 1800 as a cadet, and in 1808 was promoted 2d lieutenant of the king's regiment, in which he served during the apprehen- sion of an English invasion in 1809, and after the declaration of independence in 1810 till 1812, when he retired to give himself entirely to study. In 1820 Gana entered the service again on 8 May, and took part in the expedition of Gen. San Martin. Gana with his battalion captured the city of Huaras with the whole garrison, and, as the provinces of Trujillo, Lambayeque, and Piura pronounced for the insur- rection, the whole northern portion of Peru was separated from the rule of the viceroy. The vice- roy, La Serna, abandoned the capital on 6 July, and on the 12th San Martin occupied the city, and independence was solemnly proclaimed on 28" July. Meanwhile Gana took part in the assault of Callao, 14 Aug., and after the final surrender of 21 Sept. was promoted major. Gana participated in Gen. Sucre's expedition to the south, and command- ed a column that attacked the Spanish forces at Quilca, 14 Aug., 1828, and, notwithstanding the loss of one third of his troops, routed the enemy and pursued him toward Arequi]:)a. In October he returned to Chili, and in 1825 was sent with his battalion under Col. Sanchez to garrison Talca against the attacks of the bandit Pineheira, whom he surprised and defeated. In December of the same year he was promoted colonel, and his bat- talion formed part of Gen. Preire's expedition to Chi- loe, which archipelago was still held by the Spanish under Gen. Quintanilla. He participated in the decisive battle of Bellavista, 14 Jan., 1826, and was commissioned by Freire to sign the capitulation of Pudeto on 19 Jan., which suri*endered the rest of Chilian territory to the independent forces. In 1880 he joined the rising of his party under Freire, and, after their defeat at Lircay on 17 April, de- clined to serve under the government of the con- servatives, and retired from active service. He was called into service again by the government of Gen. Bulnes, 7 Nov., 1842, and assigned to the presidency of the military college. Twice he represented the district of Talca in congress, and in 1849 was ap- pointed intendant of the province of Atacama. In September, 1851, he was called by the new president, Manuel Montt, to the secretaryship of the army and navy, and in 1853 was appointed president of the military court of appeals, being promoted in 1854 to brigadier-general. At the same time he was dean of the philological faculty of the univer- sity, a literary honor which no other Chilian gen- eral ever attained. In 1850 he was sent as minister to Ecuador, and on his return in 1857 again took charge of the portfolio of the army and navy. In 1858 he was sent on a special mission to Spain. In 1800 he was elected senator of the republic, and in 1801 appointed counsellor of state.

GÁNDARA Y NAVARRO, José de la (gan'-da-ra-e-nav-ar'-ro), Spanish soldier, born in Bilbao, 15 October 1820. He entered the military College as a cadet in 1832, joined the army in 1834 as sublieutenant, and served in the campaign against the Carlists till 1839, participating in all the battles. Afterward he served with distinction in the colonies, and, after reaching the rank of brigadier, was appointed, in 1857, governor of the islands of Fernando Poo and Annobon y Corisco. In 1862 he became major general, and in November of that year was made military governor and commander-in-chief of the province of Santiago de Cuba. The insurrection against the Spanish domination of Santo Domingo, which had been annexed in 1861, began in the department of Cibao in February, 1863; the troops were soon driven into the coast-towns, and the interior cities wrested from them. Gandara, without waiting for orders from the home-government, despatched re-enforcements to his comrades by the frigate " Isabel II.," then in port. He afterward received orders to march with all the forces at his command to the assistance of the commander-in-chief. He landed in Puerto Plata, 17 September 1863, driving the insurgent forces back, and afterward occupied the City of Santo Domingo and San Cristobal, the latter after a series of bloody engagements with the enemy, in 1864 he was promoted to lieutenant-general and appointed captain-general and commander-in-chief of the island, and in that year won the battle of Montecristi. The provisional government now began peace negotiations, which, however, led to no favorable issue. Meanwhile the home government resolved to abandon the struggle, and in May, 1865, Gandara, with his troops, evacuated the island. He subsequently received the appointment of governor-general of the Philippine islands, and, after the restoration of the Bourbon monarchy, was military chief of the king's household, and captain-general of Castile. He published " Historia de la Anexion y Guerra de Santo Domingo."

GANNEAKTENA, Catharine, Indian convert, b. in northern New York; d. in La Prairie, Canada, in 1673. She was by birth an Erie Indian, but had been adopted into the Oneida tribe. Her husband was a Christian Huron, and she showed a desire to embrace Christianity when Father Bruyas preached the gospel to the Oneidas in 1668. Catharine had long been esteemed for her modesty and gentleness, and was of great assistance to the missionary in learning the language of the tribe. She was ill treated by her relatives because of her inclination to Christianity, and to escape persecution she set out for Montreal in company with her husband, and afterward went to Quebec, where she was baptized by the name of Catharine, and confirmed by Bishop Laval. During her stay at Montreal she received instruction from Father Raffeix, who requested her to found a village in which Indians from the Five Nations that were afraid to acknowledge their conversion to Christianity might settle. At the close of 1669 she was joined by several members of her family, who had become converts, and founded the colony of La Prairie. The village received constant accessions from the missions in the Iroquois cantons, and in 1670 had become so important that a regular government was organized. A system of laws was promulgated, according to which no one was allowed to reside in the village except he renounced three things &mdash; belief in dreams, polygamy, and drunkenness. Any Indian violating these rules was expelled. The little colony was long noted for the piety and innocent life of its inhabitants, who regarded their founder as a saint and reverenced her as a mother.

GANNETT, Ezra Stiles, clergyman, b. in Cambridge, Mass., 4 May, 1801 ; d. near Boston, Mass., 25 June, 1871. He was a grandson of President Ezra Stiles of Yale. He was graduated at Harvard with first honors in 1820, studied divinity, and in 1824 became the colleague of Di-. William E. Channing in Boston, finally succeeding him as pastor. He was a foremost figure in the Unitarian controversy which agitated the New England churches in 1825-'85. but in the latter year was driven by illness to Europe, and during the summer following his return was seized with a paralytic stroke, which left him a cripple for life. He became co-editor of the " Christian Examiner," and his lectures on