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574 superior of the commissariat of Our Lady of Good Council, the mission of the order in the United States. He also held the office of pastor at Lawrence, Mass., where he completed, a church building. He was next elected president of Villa- nova college, and during liis incumbency rebuilt the college and entirely reorganized tlie course of studies. He was elected provincial of the Augiis- tinian order when that body was formed into the province of Villanova in 1874. Shortly afterward he was nominated bishop of Hartford by the pope. He sent his resignation to Rome, as he did not wish to be separated from his religious brethren, but he was required to obey, and was consecrated by Archbishop Williams, 19 March, 1876. His appli- cation to his new duties weakened a constitution never strong, and, feeling that his health was fail- ing, he set out to seek rest at Villanova. When near New York he was seized with a haemorrhage, which proved fatal shortly afterward.

GALBRAITH, Andrew, colonist, b. in the north of Ireland about 1692 ; d. after 1747. His father, James, was of Scotch descent, and accom- panied William Penn on his second visit to Ameri- ca. Andrew came to this country with his father, and settled in 1718, with other Scotch-Irish colo- nists, in Lancaster county, Pa., where he had re- ceived from the Penns a patent for 212 acres of land. He organized the Donegal church, was its first ruling elder, selected the site for its build- ing, which is rep- resented in the accompanying il- lustration. This church was built about 1730 in place of a tempo- rary log structure, of ten years be- fore, and is of rough stone, laid in mortar. The Donegal settle- ment became the nursery of Presbyterianism in a large part of Pennsylvania, Virginia, and North Carolina. Mr. Galbraith was the first coroner of Lancaster county, and a justice of common pleas for six years. He was elected to the general assembly in 1732, and was a justice of the peace from 1780 till 1747, when he sold his farm and removed to a place west of the Susr[uehanna river.

GALE, Benjamin, physician, b. on Long Island, N. Y., in 1715 ; d. in Killingworth, Conn., 21 May, 1790. He was graduated at Yale in 1733, and studied medicine under Dr. Jared Eliot, of Killing- worth, marrying the daughter of his instructor and settling in that town. He ranked high in his pro- fession, and was also skilfid in agriculture, invent- ing a drill plough, for which he received a medal from an English society. He also took a lively in- terest in politics, and wrote frequently for the press. He published " A Dissertation on Inocula- tion " (1763), and his method of prescribing a pre- paratory course of mercury was commended in England, and subsequently followed in this coun- try. The same year he contributed to the Pliila- delphia " Transactions " a paper on the " Bite of Rattlesnakes." He wrote essays in the " Trans- actions" of the New Haven medical society, and also " A Dissertation on the Prophecies."

GALE, George Washington, educator, b. in Northeast. Dutchess co., N. V., 3 Dec, 1789 ; d. in Galesburg, 111., 13 Sept., 1862. He was graduated at Union in 1814. and licensed as a Presbyterian clergyman in October, 1819, when he took "charge of the church at Adams. Jefferson co., N. Y. His pastorate was distinguished by a powerful revival of religion, in which Charles G. Finney and other eminent men were among the converts. He re- signed his charge in 1823, and afterward estab- lished the Oneida manual laVjor institute at Whites- boro, N. Y., where he remained from 1827 till 1834. His life work was the organization of Knox col- lege at Galesliurg. 111., in 1835. Pie was a man of strong prejudices and acute intellect. He received the degree of D. D.

GALE, Levin, lawyer, b. in Cecil county, Md., in 1824; d. in Baltimore, Md., 28 April, 1875. He was the son of Levin Gale, who represented the Elkton district in congress from 3 Dec, 1827. till 3 March, 1829. The son studied law, was admit- ted to the bar, and settled at Elkton, Md. Meet- ing with great success in his profession, he secured a large practice, and argued many cases before the Maryland court of appeals. Mr. (Gale is the author of " A List of English Statutes Supposed to be Applicable to the Several States of the Union."

GALE, Samuel, Canadian jurist, b. in St. Au- gustine, Florida, in 1783; d. in Montreal, 15 April, 1865. His father, a native of Hampshire, Eng- land, came to America in 1770, as assistant pay- master to the British forces. The son was edu- cated at Quebec, and in 1802 began the study of law in the office of Chief-Justice Sewell in Mon- treal. He was admitted to the bar in 1808, and, having been appointed a magistrate in the Indian territories, accompanied Lord Selkirk to the north- west in 1815. Later, when Lord Dalliousie was attacked for liis administration of Canadian affairs, Mr. Gale went to Britain as the bearer of memo- rials from the English-speaking residents of the eastern townships and other sections of Lower Canada, defending the viceroy's conduct. In 1829 he became chairman of the quarter sessions, and in 1831 was appointed a judge, which office he held until ill health forced him to retire in 1849. While upon the bench, he maintained the right of the crown to establish martial law in 1837. He was deeply interested in the freedom of the slave, and when the Anderson case was before the Upper Canada courts, was one of the most active among those who aroused agitation. When the Prince of Wales visited Canada, lie prepared a congratulatory address from the colored people of the country, which, however, was not received, as the prince was desired by the Duke of Newcastle not to recognize differences of race and creed unless it were impera- tive. He fought a duel with Sir James Stuart and was severely wounded. He was the author of a series of letters to the " Montreal Herald," over the signature of " Nerva," which were strongly con- servative in tone, and made a powerful impression.

GALE, Theophilus, b. in England in 1028; d. in London in 1678. He was a doctor of divinity, a classical scholar, and a learned theologian and philosopher. When he died, he left his library to Harvard, more than doubling its collection of books, which had been already enriched by gifts of Gov. Winthrop, Richard Bellingham, John Light- foot, Sir Kenelm Digby, Richard Baxter, and otliers.

GALES, Joseph, journalist, b. in England in 1760; d. in Raleigh, N. C., 24 Aug., 1841. He was originally a printer and bookseller at Sheffield, where he established and published the "Register." His democratic principles having involved him in