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442 and was conspicuous in opposing the reactionary movement of that year, tending to re-establish the Spanish authority in Lima. In 1825 he represent- ed Peru as envoy extraordinary in Colombia, and in 1830 was minister plenipotentiary to Bolivia. In 1835-'8 he strenuously opposed the Peru-Boliv- ian confederation, and on its disruption on 20 Jan., 1839. he was elected deputy of the new con- stituent congress of Huancayo, and nominated its president. He was again plenipotentiary to Bo- livia in 1840, to the general American congress in 1847, to Chili and New Granada in 1848, to Ecua- dor in 1858, and deputy to congress in 1860. In the intervals he occupied several times the minis- try of the interior, the treasury and foreign rela- tions, was councillor of state, director-general of customs, and for ten years director of public in- struction, in which ca])acity he remodelled the whole system, and introduced valuable reforms in the faculty of philosophy, arts, and law. He also contributed to journals in Lima, and as president of several scientific and literary commissions con- tributed powerfully to the intellectual develop- ment of his country. He was an accomplished linguist and book collector, and left one of the most conijilete libraries in South America.

FERRIER, James, Canadian senator, b. in Fifeshire, Scotland, 22 Oct., 1800. He was edu- cated in his native country, came to Canada in 1821, and engaged in mercantile pursuits in Mon- treal. He became a member of the corporation of that city in 1841, mayor in 1847, and lieutenant- colonel of militia the same year. He was appointed a member of the board of the Royal institution for the advancement of learning in 1845, was sub- sequently its president, and was elected chancellor of McGill university, Montreal, in September, 1884. He is also a member of the council of Vic- toria college, Cobourg. He has been a director of the Canada board of the Bank of British North America since it was first established, is chairman of the Canada board of the Grand Trunk railway company, and is connected with many other or- ganizations. He was a life member of the legisla- tive council of Canada from 27 May, 1847, untd the union in 1867, when he was called to the senate. He was appointed member for Victoria in the legislative council of Quebec in 1867. Mr. Ferrier is a Conservative in politics.

FERRIS, Bonjamin, author, d. in Wilming- ton, Del., in 1867. He was a watchmaker, lived for many years in Philadelphia, and was clerk of the Philadelphia meeting of Friends. He published " History of the Early Settlements on the Delaware, from its Discovery to the Colonization under Will- iam Penn " (Wilmington, 1846).

FERRIS, Isaac, clergvman, b. in New York city. 9 Oct., 1798 : d. in Roselle, N. J., 16 June, 1873. He entered Columbia when but twelve years of age, joined the military company raised among the students in the war of i812, and did duty in the forts around New York harbor. His college course was delayed one year by this, and he was graduated in 1816 with the highest honors of his class. He taught in the Albany academy one year, and then studied theology under Dr. James M. Mason, and in Rutgers seminary, was licensed to preach in 1820, and became pastor of the Reformed Dutch church in New Brunswick, N. J., in 1821. He was afterward settled in Albany in 1824-'36, and at the Market street church. New York, in 1836-'53. He went to Holland as commissioner on behalf of American missionaries in the Dutch East Indies in 1842. He was long connected with the Sunday-school union, was president of the city organization from 1837 till 1873, was the originator of the Rutgers female institute, and for a long period its principal and the president of its board of trustees for eighteen years, and was subsequent- ly connected with the Ferris institute. In 1852 he accepted the chancellorship of the University of New York, at that time under serious embarrass- ment from heavy debts. He collected about $74,000, outside of the rent- als and other re- ceipts of the uni- versity, and thus relieved it from its financial embar- rassments, and ma- terially raised the standard of schol- arship. He filled the chair of moral science and Chris- tian evidence dui- ing his whole con- nection with the university, and was also acting professor of constituti(mal and international law in 1855-'69. He retired from the chancellorship in 1870, but was immediately chosen chancellor emeri- tus. He removed a year later to Roselle, N. J., where he resided until his death. The degree of D. D. was conferred on him by Union college in 1833, and that of LL. D. by Columbia in 1853. He published numerous occasional sermons, essays, and addresses, including " Appeal to the Ministers in behalf of Sunday-Schools " (Philadelphia, 1834), and a " Re- port on Separate Action in Foreign Missions" (1857). — His son, John Mason, clergyman, b. in Albany, N. Y., 17 Jan., 1825, was graduated at the University of the city of New York in 1843, studied theology at the New Brunswick seminary, was licensed to preach in the Dutch Reformed church in 1849, and served in various parishes from 1849 till 1865, when he was elected secretary of the Board of foi'eign missions. He became editor of the "Christian Intelligencer" in 1883, and treas- urer of the Foreign mission board in 1886. Mr. Ferris is the author of a " History of Foreign Mis- sions," published in the "Manuai of the Reformed Church" in 189 and 1879.

FERRY, Orris Sanford, senator, b. in Bethel, Fairfield co.. Conn., 15 Aug., 1823 ; d. in Norwalk, Conn., 31 Nov., 1875. He was graduated at Yale in 1844, studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1846, and began practice in Norwalk. In 1847 he was appointed lieutenant-colonel of the first divi- sion of Connecticut militia, and from 1849 till 1856 was judge of probate for the district of Norwalk. He was elected to the state senate in 1855, serving two years, and in 1857-'9 was district attorney for the county of Fairfield. He was an unsuccessful Republican candidate for congress in 1856, but was elected two years later, serving in 1859-'61, and being again defeated in 1860. When the civil war began, he zealously supported the National government, and in July, 1861, became colonel of the 5th Connecticut regiment, joining Gen. Banks's corps in Maryland. He was promoted to brigadier- general, 17 March, 1862, and was assigned a brigade in Shields's division, from which he was transferred to Peck's division of the 4th army corps under Gen. Keyes. He served till the close of the war, resigned his commission, 15 June, 1865, andoo 23 May, 1866, was elected U. S. senator from Connecticut, taking