Page:Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography (1900, volume 2).djvu/367

Rh was professor in the seminary at Lahainaluna and pastor of the church at Kaanapali. He visited the United States in 1860, and took the degree of M. D. there. He baptized nearly 1,200 persons during his pastorate. He published five volumes of ele- mentary works, three of them in the Hawaiian language, and, while at Lahainaluna, was joint au- thor, with Rev. Artemas Bishop, of an " English- Plawaiian Dictionary," based on Webster's abridg- ment (Lahainaluna, 1845). — His wife, Ursula Sophia Newell, b. in Nelson, N. H., 37 Sept., 1806, married Mr. Emerson in 1831, and gave him elfi- cient aid in his work.

EMERSON, Joseph, educator, b. in Hollis, N. H., in 1777 ; d. in Wethersfield, Conn., in 1833. He was graduated at Harvard in 1798, and was tutor therein 1801-'3, meanwhile studying theology. He was pastor of Beverly, Mass., in 1803-'16, and delivered there a course of historical lectures. After visiting the south, and delivering and pub- lishing " Lectures upon the Millennium," he estab- lished an academy in Byfield, Mass., and afterward lectured on astronomy in Boston. He taught school and was pastor at Saugus, Mass., in 1821-'3, but in the latter year moved to Charleston, S. C, for his health. After returning to Saugus he gave up ministerial duties in 1825 and engaged in teach- ing in Wethersfield, Conn. During his residence there he again visited Saugus, and delivered lect- ures on Pollok's " Course of Time." He published an edition of "Watts on the Mind." — His brother, Ralph, clergyman, b. in Hollis, N. H., 18 Aug., 1787; d. in Rockford, 111., 20 May, 1863, was gradu- ated at Yale in 1811, and at Andover theological seminary in 1814, and, after holding a tutorship in Yale for two years, was ordained, 12 June, 1816, as pastor of the 1st Congregational church at Nor- folk, Conn., where he remained till 1829. He was professor of ecclesiastical history and pastor at Andover from 1829 till 1853, then removed to New- buryport, and in 1858 to Rockford, 111., where he remained till his death, also lecturing at the Chica- go theological seminary. Yale gave him the degree of D. D. in 1830. He contributed largely to reli- gious periodicals, published a " Life of Rev. Joseph Emerson," his brother (Boston, 1834), and trans- lated, with notes, Wiggins's " Augustinianism and Pelagianism " (Andover, 1840).

EMERSON, Luther Orlando, musician, b. in Parsonsfield, Me., 3 Aug., 1820. He began the study of music at the age of twenty-four, and has devoted himself to teaching singing-classes and to writing vocal school-exercises and church music, in Boston, Salem, and West Greenfield, Mass. Mr. Emerson is well known as the conductor of numer- ous musical festivals and conventions in all parts of the Union. Besides occasional pieces in the form of sheet-music, he has written and compiled many collections of church music. Among them " The Romberg Collection " (Boston, 1853) ; " The Golden Wreath" (1857); "The Golden Harp" (1858); "The Sabbath Harmony" (1860); "The Harp of Judah " (1863) ; " Merry Chimes " (1865) ; "Jubilate " (1866) ; and sundry other collections.

EMERSON, Ralph Waldo, author, b. in Boston, Mass., 25 May, 1803; d. in Concord, Mass., 27 April, 1882. He was the second of five sons of the Rev. William Emerson, minister of the 1st church, Boston. His grandfather at the sixth remove, Rev. Joseph Emerson, of Mendon, Mass., married the granddaughter of Rev. Peter Bulkeley, who was one of the founders of Concord, Mass., and minister of the first church there. Joseph's grandson, of the same name, was pastor at Malden, and married a daughter of the Rev. Samuel Moody, of

York, Me., and three of the sons of this union were clergymen; among them William, Ralph Waldo's grandfather, who presided over the church in Concord at the time of the first battle of the Revolutionary war, which took place close by the minister's manse. This grandfather also had married the daughter of a minister, the Rev. Daniel Bliss, his predecessor in the pulpit at Concord. Thus the tendency and traditions of Ralph Waldo Emerson's ancestry were strong in the direction of scholarly pursuits and religious thought. His family was one of those that constitute, as Dr. Holmes says, the &ldquo;academic races&rdquo; of New England. His father (see ../Emerson, William) was a successful but not popular preacher, whose sympathies were far removed from Calvinism. He published several sermons, and was editor of the &ldquo;Monthly Anthology&rdquo; from 1805 till 1811, a periodical that had for contributors John Thornton Kirkland, Joseph S. Buckminster, John S. J. Gardiner, William Tudor, and Samuel C. Thacher. It was largely instrumental in developing a taste for literature in New England, and led to the establishment of the &ldquo;North American Review.&rdquo; The mother of Waldo was a woman &ldquo;of great patience and fortitude, of the serenest trust in God, of a discerning spirit, and the most courteous bearing.&rdquo; He strongly resembled his father. His aunt, Mary Moody Emerson, a woman of high intellectual attainments, was one of his early companions; and in some printed extracts from her journals a mode of thought and expression remarkably similar to that of the now celebrated essayist is traceable. His youngest brother, Charles Chauncey, who died young, in 1834, was distinguished by a singularly pure and sweet character, and contributed to the &ldquo;Harvard Register&rdquo; three articles in which there are passages strikingly like portions of the essays afterward produced by Ralph Waldo. The latter concentrated in himself the spiritual and intellectual tendencies of several generations. He entered the grammar-school at the age of eight, and the Latin-school, under Master Gould, in 1815; but neither here nor at Harvard did he show unusual ability. After leaving college he engaged in teaching, and began the study of theology under the direction of Dr. Channing, although not regularly enrolled at the Cambridge divinity-school. He read Plato, Augustine, Tillotson, Jeremy Taylor, and had from boyhood been an enthusiast regarding Montaigne's essays, of which he said: &ldquo;It seems to me as if I had myself written the book in some former life.&rdquo; In 1826 he was &ldquo;approbated to preach&rdquo; by the Middlesex association of ministers; but his health forced him to pass the winter in South Carolina and Florida. He was ordained in March, 1829, as colleague of Rev. Henry Ware. Jr., in the pastorate of the 2d church, Boston, and succeeded to Ware's place within eighteen months. His preaching was eloquent, simple, and effective. He took part actively in the city's public affairs, and showed a deep interest in philanthropic movements, opening his church, also, to the anti-slavery agitators. In 1832, however, he resigned his pastorate, and did not thereafter regularly resume ministerial labors. Having decided that the use of the elements in the communion was a mistaken formality &mdash; the true communion, as he thought, being purely spiritual &mdash; he refused to make the compromise proposed, that he should put his own construction on the Lord's supper, leaving his congregation to retain their view. The parting with his flock was friendly, and, although long misunderstood in certain quarters, he always maintained a strong sympathy with Christianity. For several