Page:Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography (1900, volume 2).djvu/169

Rh ing no relief, returned to Wilmington in Septem- ber, 1881. During bis residence in Baltimore he published a translation of Bouchardat's " Annual Abstract of Therapeutics, Materia Medica, Phar- macy, and Toxicology for 1867." His writings were chiefly contributions to medical journals, his last regular paper being communicated to the "American Journal of the Medical Sciences" for October, 1878, entitled " The Muscle of Accommo- dation, and its Mode of Action." He devised a new and efficient form of inhaler for anresthesia, and a new form of canule scissors for operating within the eye. He demonstrated by frozen sec- tion that after the extraction of the lens the len- ticular fossa disappears, and the anterior surface of the vitreous becomes convex.

DE KOTTENBURG, Baron, British soldier, b. about 175 ; d. in England in 1833. After serving in the British army in different parts of the world and attaining the rank of brigadier-general in May, 1810, he was transferred to the staff in Cana- da. He took command of the garrison of Quebec, and the same year was promoted to major-general. At the beginning of the American war in 1812 he was assigned to the Montreal district, took com- mand of the force in Upper Canada in 1813, and was appointed also administrator of that province. In 1814-'5 he commanded the left division of the army in Canada, and in Sejitember of the latter year returned to England. — His son, who became Baron De Rottenburg at his father's death, was b. about 1807. He entered the British army as a cor- net in 1825, and in 1837 served in Canada during the rebellion, and received the brevet rank of ma- jor. Subsequently he served in the 46th foot, and was nominated as assistant adjutant-general in Canada. In July, 1855, he was appointed adju- tant-general of the militia of Upper Canada, which rank he retained until June, 1858, when he was appointed to the lieutenant-colonelcy of the 100th regiment (Canadian), recently organized and em- bodied in the British army.

DE RUSSY, Louis d., soldier, b. in New York in 1796 ; d. in Grand Ecore, La., 17 Dec, 1864. He was graduated at the U. S. military academy in 1814, and made 3d lieutenant in the" 1st artillery. He served in the war of 1812-'5, with Great Brit- ain, as acting assistant engineer in erecting tempo- rary defences for New York city and its environs, and was in garrison in New York harbor in 1815-'6, when he was made battalion adjutant of artillery. In 1819 he became topographer of a commission to establish the northern boundary of the United States under the treaty of Ghent. He became cap- tain of the 3d artillery in 1825, and in the follow- ing year was made paymaster and major. In 1842 he was dropped from the army, and became a planter at Natchitoches, La. In 1846 he served in the Mexican war at Tampico, and became colonel of the 1st Louisiana volunteers. He completed the defences of the place, opened a new channel to Tamessie river, held various civil offices, and was engaged in the fight at Callabosa river and in the skirmish of Tantay^ika. He was a civil engineer from 1848 till 1861, employed in making unprove- ments in navigation, and from 1851 till 1853 was a member of the Louisiana house of representatives, and from 1853 till 1855 of the senate. He was major-general of Louisiana militia from 1848 till 1861, when he entered the Confederate army. — His brother, Rene Edward, soldier, b. in Hayti, W. I., 22 Feb., 1789; d. in San Francisco, 23 Nov., 1865. He was a son of Thomas de Russy, of St. Malo, France, who came to New York in 1791. and re- moved to Old Point Comfort, V"a., where he re- sided many years. The son was graduated at the U. S. military academy in 1812, and made 2d lieutenant of engineers. He served in the war of 1812-'5, with Great Britain, as assistant engineer in constructing defences at New York and atSack- ett's Harbor, N. Y., and participated in the cam- paigns on the St. Lawrence and Lake Champlain. In 1814 he was brevetted captain for gallant con- duct at the battle of Plattsburg. He was chief engineer of Gen. Macomb's army in 1814, and cap- tain of the corps of engineers in 1815. He was assistant engineer in the construction of the fort at Rouse's Point, N. Y., in 1816, superintending engineer of the repairs and construction of'fortifi- cations in New York harbor in 1818, and of defen- sive works on the Gulf of Mexico in 1821. In 1824 he was brevetted major. He was superintend- ent of the U. S. military academy from 1833 till 1838, and lieutenant -colonel of engineers from 1838 till 1863. At the beginning of the civil war he was ordered to the defence of the Pacific coast, and constructed the fortifications of San Francisco harbor. lie was also president of the boai'd of engineers for devising projects and alterations in the land defences of San Francisco. In 1865 he was brevetted major-general in the U. S. army for long and faithful service. — Rene's son, Criistavus Adolphus, soldier. 1). in Brooklvn, N. Y., 3 Nov., 1818: d. in Detroit, Mich., 29 May, 1891, having been three years at West Point, was appointed from Virginia in the 4th U. S. artillery. He served in the Mexican war, having been brevetted 1st lieutenant "for gallant and meritorious conduct " at Contre- ras and Churubusco, and captain, 13 Sept., 1847, for gallantry at Chapultepec. He was regimental quartermaster from 1847 till 1857, and stationed at Fort Monroe in 1848. He was made 1st lieutenant, 16 May, 1849 ; captain, 17 Aug., 1857 ; brevet major, 25 June, 1862, for bravery displayed in the action near Fair Oaks, Va. ; brevet lieutenant-colonel, for the same cause in the battle of Malvern Hill, and brevet colonel, 17 March, 1863. He was promoted to be brigadier-general of volunteers, 23 May, 1863 ; brevet colonel, 13 March, 1865 (for services in the war of the rebellion); and brevet brigadier- general, for the same cause, on the same day. He was mustered out of the volunteer service, 13 Jan., 1866 ; promoted to be major in the regular army, 26 July, 1866 ; lieutenant-colonel, 25 Aug., 1879 ; colonel 30 June, 1882 ; and was retired by opera- tion of law, 3 Nov., 1882.

DESANDROUINS, Jean Nicolas, Viscount, Pi-ench engineer, b. in Verdun, 7 Jan., 1729 ; d. in France, 11 Dec, 1792. He accompanied Montcalm to Canada in May, 1756, as captain of the royal en- gineers, and became his aide and military secretary, ile was engaged in the defence of Ticonderoga and in the subsequent operations in Canada. From 1780 till 1783 he was chief engineer in Roeham- beau's army in this country, was brigadier-general of infantry, 5 Dec, 1781, and chef de brigade of the engineer corps. In ilarch, 1788, he was appointed marechal de camp, and retired 28 Sept., 1791.

DESAULNIERS, Louis Leon L., Canadian physician, i). in Yamachiche. 16 Feb., 1823; d. in Montreal. 31 Oct., 1896. He was educated at Nicolet seminary, and at Harvard, where he was graduated in 1846. He was lieutenant-colonel of volunteers of the county of St. Maurice, and was elected to the Canadian assembly for this constituency in 1854, serving from that time till 1857, and again from 1861 till 1867. In 1868 he resigned to accept the office of inspector of prisons and asylums for the province of Quebec He was a member of the Dominion parliament from 1878 until 1887.