Page:Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography (1900, volume 1).djvu/91

Rh studied medicine, and received in 1823 his degree from the college of physicians and surgeons. He devoted his leisure time to mathematical investi- gations, and in 1825 was appointed professor of mathematics and astronomy in Columbia college. Alter twenty-five years of successful teaching "he resigned his professorship to go abroad in hopes of restornig the health of his wife, but to no avail. While in France he became intimately acquainted with the astronomer Arago, and about the same time he became a convert to the Catholic faith. He spent many years in wandering over Europe, Asia, and Africa, and during a visit to the Holy Land he acted as geologist to the Dead sea expe- dition under command of Lieut. Lynch. The re- sults were collected and published by the U. S. government in 1848, with the titles of "Ge- ology of Lieutenant Lynch's Expedition to the Dead Sea," and " Geological Reconnoissance of Part of the Holy Land." In 1851 he was elected a trustee of Columbia college, and in 1866 emeritus professor of mathematics and astronomy. In 1874 he was one of the band of pilgrims that left the United States on a visit to Lourdes, Prance, and was received by Pius IX. with special marks of favor. He then joined as a volunteer the Ameri- can scientific expedition sent out to observe the transit of Venus, and proceeded to Australia, hav- ing procured the necessary instruments at his own expense. On his return, he visited India, and, while exploring the Himalayas, he was stricken with the disease that caused his death. He was active in advancing the interests of the Catholic church in New York, for many years was president of the society of St. Vincent de Paul, was promi- nent in the originating of the Catholic union of New York, and was also one of the founders of the Catholic Protectory in Westchester, N. Y.

ANDERSON, Henry T., clergyman, b. 27 Jan., 1812 ; d. 19 Sept., 1872. He was a minister of the denomination known as Campbellites or Disciples, and was the author of an interlinear translation of the New Testament, and during the last five years of his life was engaged in its revision, taking for his basis the text of Tischendorf. This work was nearly completed at his death.

ANDERSON, Isaac, clergyman, b. in Rock- bridge CO., Va., 26 March, 1780; d. in Roekford, Tenn., 28 Jan., 1857. He studied at liberty hall academy (afterward Washington college), and then fitted himself for a preacher. After his family had removed to Union, Tenn., he was licensed to preach in 1802, and was the Presbyterian pastor in that place for nine years, and subsequently in JMaryville, where the southwestern theological seminary was established through his eft'orts.

ANDERSON, James Patton, soldier, b. in Ten- nessee about 1820: d. in Menqihis in 1873. He served in Mexico, commanding Mississippi volun- teers, with the rank of lieutenant-colonel. He after- ward settled at Olympia, Washington territory, and sat in tlie house of representatives as a delegate from that territory in 1855-57. He held the rank of brigadier-general in the confederate army, dis- tinguished himself at Shiloh and Stone river, and was promoted to major-general 17 Feb., 1864, was assigned to the command of the district of Florida, and subsequently commanded a division in Polk's corps. Army of the Tennessee.

ANDERSON, John Henry, juggler, b. in Aberdeenshire, Scotland, about 1810. He appeared on the stage with a travelling dramatic company in 1830, and was known as a conjurer in Scotland before he came to America in 1851. In New York he appeared in Jrama at the Broadway theatre and at Castle Garden, and then opened an exhibition of sleight-of-hand at Tripier Hall, taking the pro- fessional name of " Prof. Anderson, the Wizard of the North." He attained a high reputation as a magician, and travelled extensively in the United States and in other countries.

ANDERSON, John Jacob, educator, b. in New York city in 1821. He was the master of a large ptiblic school in New York for twenty years, and is the author of several text -books of history. These include " Introductory School History of the United States " (New York, 1865) ; " Pictorial School History of the United States " (1863) " Common School History of the United States " " Grammar School History of the United States " "A Manual of General History"; "A School His- tory of England " (1870) ; " The Historical Reader " (1871); "the United States Reader" (1872); "A New Manual of General History" (1869); "A Pic- torial School History " ; "A School History of France"; "The Historical Reader"; and "A School History of Greece."

ANDERSON, Joseph, statesman, b. near Phila- delphia, 5 Nov., 1757; d. in Washington. D. C, 17 April, 1837. He studied law, and at the beginning of the revolution was appointed an ensign in the New Jersey line. At the battle of Monmouth he served as a captain. He was with Sullivan in the expedition against the Iroquois, and was pres- ent at Valley Forge and at the siege of Yorktown, retiring after the war with the brevet rank of major. He began the practice of law in Delaware. Washington appointed him in 1791 territorial judge of the region south of the Ohio river, and he took part m drawing up the constitution of Tennessee. He was U. S. senator from that state from 1797 to 1815, serving on important committees and twice acting as president joro tempore. He was first comp- troller of the treasury from 1815 till 1836.

ANDERSON, Martin Brewer, educator, b. in Brunswick, Me., 12 Feb., 1815 ; d. at Lake Helen, Fla., 26 Feb., 1890. He was graduated at Waterville college in 1840, and then studied for a year at Newton, Mass. In the following year he was appointed tu- tor of Latin, Greek, and mathematics at Waterville, and sub- sequently professor of rhetoric. He also organized and taught the course in modern history. In 1850 he resigned his profess- orship and became proprietor and editor of the " New York Recorder," a weekly Baptist journal. In 1858 he accepted the presidency of the university of Rochester, which office he occupied until 1889, teaching the departments of psychology and political economy. He travelled in Europe in 1862-'63. He published numerous literary and philosophical articles. He was a powerful public speaker, and during the civil war rendered notable service in arousing and sustaining the sentiment of loyalty to the government and the determination to carry the struggle through to a successful close. He was a member of the New York state board of charities for thirteen years, also one of the commissioners of the state reservation at Niagara Falls.