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766 tolerable, and the first assembly was dismissed. The second (1810) was similar in composition, and was also dismissed. During the following election Sir James H. Craig, or his council, suppressed "Le Canadien," newspaper, and arrested six prominent members of the late assembly. Garneau, the French Canadian historian, though not regarding Sir James with special favor, exonerates him from any great culpability in the matter, placing the blame upon Chief-Justice Sewell, who was at the head of the council. In 1811 Sir James retired from the gov- ernment, and on 19 June returned to England.

CRAIG, John, philanthropist, b. in Goffstown, N. H., in 1797; d. in Rochester, N. Y., 19 July, 1872. He was educated in his native town and be- came a successful business man, amassing a large fortune by his habits of industry and integrity. Besides giving liberally during his lifetime, he be- -queathed sums amounting to $105,000 to various Universalist educational institutions.

CRAIG, Lewis, clergyman, b. in Orange county, Va., in 1737; d. in Kentucky in 1828. As there was no ordained minister at hand to baptize him, he began preaching before his baptism, and was in- dicted " for preaching the gospel contrary to the law." His conduct during the trial so impressed one of the jurors, John Waller, that it was the oc- casion of Waller's conversion. On 4 June, 1768, while engaged in public worship, he was seized by the sheriff, and was required by the court to give security not to preach in the county within twelve months. Refusing to do this, he was committed to the Fredericksburg jail. After a month's confine- ment, during which he preached through the prison- bars to large crowds, he was released. Soon after- ward he was ordained, and became pastor of a Bap- tist church. In 1771 he was again imprisoned for three months in Caroline county. In 1781 he re- moved to Kentucky, where he continued his min- isterial labors with great zeal and success. — His brother, Elijah, clergyman, b. in Orange county, Va., in 1743; d. in Kentucky in 1800. Some time after his ordination he was imprisoned for a month lor preaching the gospel. In Culpepper jail he lived on rye-bread and water and preached to the people through the prison-bars. After this he was " honored with a term in Orange jail." He was several times sent as a delegate from the Baptist general association to urge the Virginia legislature to grant entire religious liberty. In 1786 he re- moved to Kentucky, where he amassed a fortune.

CRAIG, Lewis S., soldier, b. in Virginia; d. near New River, Cal., 6 June, 1852. He entered the army as second lieutenant of the 2d dragoons, 14 Oct., 1837, was transferred to the 3d infantry in August, 1838, and in March, 1840, made assistant commissary of subsistence. He was promoted to first lieutenant in June, 1840, to captain in Juno, 1846, and served with distinction in the Mexican war, winning the brevet of major for gallant con- duct at Monterey, and that of lieutenant-colonel at Contreras and Churubusco, where he was wounded. He met his death at the hands of deserters while in the performance of his dutv.

CRAIG, Robert H., actor, b. in New York city, 24 March, 1842 ; d. in St. Louis, Mo., 8 Dec, 1872. He made his first appearance at Barnum's old museum. New York, on 10 Sept., 1860, and subsequently, when connected with the Arch street theatre, Philadelphia, began to rise in public favor as a comedian. He made a success at the Boston museum in 1870 as a burlesque actor, with clever imitations of noted players. He had talent as a painter, and was the author of burlesques on " Don Juan," " Faust," " Hamlet," and " Camille."

CRAIG, William, artist, b. in Dublin, Ireland, in 1829 ; drowned in Lake George, N. Y., in 1875. He painted in water-colors, and exhibited for the first time at the Royal academy in Dublin in 1846, His pictures became popular in Ireland, and in 1863 he settled in this country, becoming one of the original members of the American society of water-color painters. Toward the end of his life he jjainted rapidly, and so his later works were not equal to those produced early in life, which have been pronounced "admirable specimens of the art, tender yet brilliant in tone, and possessed of that peculiar transparency of coloring which is so noticeable in the works of the English school." Among his paintings are " Mount Washington " (1867); "Ruins of Fort Ticonderoga" (1868); "Valley of the Rocks, Paterson, N. J." (1869); "On the Hudson" (1870): "Hudson River near West Point " (1871) ; " Metzingeis Cascade, near Fishkill, N. Y." (1872) ; and " Falls on the Boquet River " and " Kilchum Castle, Scotland " (1875).

CRAIGHILL, William Price, soldier, b. in Charlestown, Jellerson co., W. Va., 1 July, 1833. After attending Charlestown academy he entered the U. S. military academy, where he was grad- uated in 1853, standing second in a class of fifty- two, and was assigned to the engineer corps. He superintended tlie building of Fort Dela- ware in 1858, was made first lieutenant on 1 July, 1859, and served most of the time till 1864 at the military academy as instructor, treasurer, and in command of an engineer detachment there. He was made captain on 3 March, 1863, was engaged in constructing defences for Pittsburg when it was threatened by Morgan and other raiders, and was chief engineer of the middle department from April till June, 1864. He was brevetted lieuten- ant-colonel, 13 March, 1865, for his services in the defence of Cumberland Gap, and was made major on 23 Nov., serving on the board for carrying out in detail the modifications of the New York de- fences from 20 June till 10 Nov., 1865. From 1865 till 1867 he superintended the defences of Baltimore harbor. Since then he has been engaged on a great number of important works, including the improvement of the Potomac, near Washing- ton, from 1870 till 1874, that of the Appomattox river, 1870-'71, and of the Delaware in 1873. He was sent to examine movable dams and other works in France and Great Britain in 1877-'8. In 1881 he was promoted lieut.-colonel, in 1888 full colonel, and in 1895 brig.-general and chief of the corps of engineers. He was a delegate to the general convention of the Protestant Episcopal church in 1880, 1883, and 1886. He has compiled " Army Officer's Pocket Companion " (New York, 1861); translated Dufour's "Cours de tactiques"- (1863) ; and, jointly with Capt. Mendell, Gen. Jomi- ni's " Precis de l'art de la guerre " (1862).

CRAIGIE, William, meteorologist, b. in Belnaboth, Aberdeenshire, Scotland, 11 March, 1799 ; d. in Hamilton, Canada, in August, 1863. He studied for the medical profession at Mareschal college, Aberdeen, and at the Universities of Edinburgh and Dublin. He came to Canada, and in 1834 settled at Ancaster, Canada West, removing in 1845 to Hamilton. As a scholar, he had probably no superior in Canada, and held a high position as a scientific authority on meteorology, botany, horticulture, and agriculture. The results of his labors as a meteorologist were chronicled for many months in the columns of the Hamilton " Spectator," and he frequently lent assistance to a scientific journal published in connection with the Smithsonian institution. He was a member