Page:Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography (1900, volume 1).djvu/752

710 elected to the U. S. senate as a whig in the place of Alexander Mouton, who had resigned, and served from 14 April, 1842, till 3 March, 1843. In 1844 he was a member of the state constitutional convention. He was elected to congress in 1848, and served till August, 1850, when he was appointed secretary of war by President Fillmore, serving from 13 Aug., 1850, till 7 March, 1853. He was one of the leaders of the secession movement in Louisiana in December, 1860, a deputy from Louisiana in the Montgomery provisional congress of 1861, a member of the 1st and 2d Confederate congresses in 1862-'4, and also served as a brigadier-general in the Confederate army.

CONRAD, Frowin, b. in Auro, Switzerland, 2 Nov., 1833. He entered the order of St. Benedict, and was ordained in 1856. Having received directions to found a monastery of his order in the United States in 1873, he embarked for this country and founded the Benedictine monastery of New Engleberg, at Conception, Mo., which was erected into an abbey in 1881. In 1885 Father Conrad was chosen as its first abbot.

CONRAD, Joseph, soldier, b. in Wied-Selters, Germany, 17 May, 1830. He was graduated at the military academy of Hesse Darmstadt in 1848, and came to this country, settling in Missouri. At the beginning of the civil war he enlisted in the National service, and was made captain of the 3d Missouri infantry. He became major in September, and was engaged in the action of Carthage, the battle of Pea Ridge, and the siege of Corinth. After being mustered out, he re-entered the army as lieutenant-colonel of the 15th Missouri infantry, in May, 1862, became colonel in November, and was engaged in the battles of Perryville, Chickamauga, and Missionary Ridge. During the Atlanta campaign he commanded a brigade in the Army of the Cumberland, and was brevetted brigadier-general for his services. He commanded the sub-district of Victoria in Texas until February, 1866, when he was mustered out of the volunteer service. In July, 1866, he entered the regular army, and was commissioned captain in the 29th infantry, transferred to the 11th infantry in April, 1869, and served with his regiment until October, 1882, when he was retired with the rank of colonel.

CONRAD, Joseph Speed, soldier, b. in Ithaca, N. Y., 23 Aug., 1833; d. in Fort Randall, 4 Dec., 1891. He was graduated at the U. S. military academy in 1857, and assigned to Fort Columbus. He was sent to the western frontier in 1858, and during the three years succeeding served in Minnesota and Nebraska. When the civil war began he was a first lieutenant, and was detailed as commissary of subsistence to Gen. Lyon in the Missouri campaign in the summer of 1861. He was wounded at the battle of Wilson's Creek, 10 Aug., and was on sick-leave until October. He was promoted captain, 1 Nov., 1861, and placed at the head of the discharge department in Washington from that time until 21 Jan., 1864. Early in the summer of that year he joined the regular brigade of the Army of the Potomac, and was engaged in the campaigns that followed, including the battles of the Wilderness, Spottsylvania, Petersburg, and Reams's Station. During this period he served at different times as judge-advocate, provost-marshal, and commissary of musters. He received three brevets, as major, lieutenant-colonel, and colonel of volunteers. From 1865 till 1871 he was occupied with garrison duty, after which he served as instructor of infantry tactics at the U. S. military academy, and then on special duty in Washington in connection with the Centennial

at Philadelphia. In 1877 he was assigned to duty on the frontier. He was promoted to major of the 17th infantry on 27 April, 1879, and to lieutenant-colonel of the 22d infantry on 27 June, 1884. In 1886 he was in command of Fort Lyon, Colorado.

CONRAD, Robert Taylor, lawyer, b. in Philadelphia, 10 June, 1810; d. there, 27 June, 1858. He was the son of a publisher of Philadelphia, was educated for the bar, and attained a high reputation as a political speaker, and as an editor and poet. Before he was twenty-one years old he wrote a tragedy, &ldquo;Conradin,&rdquo; and in 1832 published the &ldquo;Daily Commercial Intelligencer,&rdquo; which was merged into the &ldquo;Philadelphia Gazette.&rdquo; Abandoning this occupation from failing health in 1834, he returned to the law, became recorder, and in 1838 judge of the criminal sessions for the city and county of Philadelphia. When the latter court was dissolved, he resumed the pen, edited &ldquo;Graham's Magazine,&rdquo; and became associate editor of the &ldquo;North American.&rdquo; On the consolidation of the districts with the city in 1854, he was elected mayor by the Whig and American parties. In 1856 he was appointed to the bench of the quarter sessions, serving in that capacity till 1857. In literature he is best known by the tragedy of &ldquo;Aylmere,&rdquo; purchased by Edwin Forrest, in which that actor played the part of Jack Cade. In 1852 Judge Conrad published a volume entitled &ldquo;Aylmere, or the Bondman of Kent, and other Poems,&rdquo; the principal of which latter are &ldquo;The Sons of the Wilderness,&rdquo; a meditative poem on the wrongs and misfortunes of the North American Indians, and a series of sonnets on the Lord's Prayer. Another tragedy that he wrote, &ldquo;The Heretic,&rdquo; was never acted, nor published.

CONRAD, Timothy Abbott, naturalist, b. in New Jersey, 21 June, 1803; d. in Trenton, N. J., 9 Aug., 1877. He was from early life an investigator of American paleontology and natural history, devoting himself to the study of the shells of the tertiary and cretaceous formations, and to existing species of mollusks. In 1831 he began the issue of a work on &ldquo;American Marine Conchology,&rdquo; and the year following published the first number of his &ldquo;Fossil Shells of the Tertiary Formation,&rdquo; which was never completed. A &ldquo;Monography of the Family Unionidæ&rdquo; was issued between 1835 and 1847. The lithographed plates in his publications were in part his own work. He contributed many articles to the &ldquo;American Journal of Science&rdquo; and the &ldquo;Journal of the Philadelphia Academy of Science.&rdquo; As one of the New York state geologists he prepared the geological report for 1837. He was paleontologist of the New York geological survey from 1838 till 1841, and wrote the annual reports in that department. He also made the reports of paleontological discoveries in the Pacific railroad survey and