Page:Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography (1900, volume 1).djvu/685

Rh Pauper" (1882); and "Life on the Mississippi" (1883). In 1884 he established in New York the publishing-house of C. L. Webster & Co., which issued in 1885 a new story entitled "Adventures of Huckleberry Finn," a sequel to "Tom Sawyer," and brought out in that and the following year Gen. U. S. Grant's "Memoirs," the share in the profits accruing to Mrs. Grant from which publication, under a contract signed with Gen. Grant before his death, amounted, in October, 1886, to $350,000, which was paid to her in two checks, of $200,000 and $150,000. Mark Twain's works have been republished in England, and translations of the principal ones in Germany.

CLEMENT, Clara Erskine, author, b. in St. Louis, Mo., 28 Aug., 1834. She was educated at home, has made extensive tours in Europe, visited Palestine and Turkey in 1868, and travelled round the world in 1883-'4. She married for her second husband Edwin Forbes Waters, and resides in Cambridge, Mass. Her first work, the &ldquo;Simple Story of the Orient,&rdquo; was printed privately in 1869. She has published &ldquo;Legendary and Mythological Art&rdquo; (Boston, 1871); &ldquo;Painters, Sculptors, Architects, Engravers, and their Works&rdquo; (1874); &ldquo;Artists of the Nineteenth Century and their Works,&rdquo; in conjunction with Laurence Hutton (1879); &ldquo;Eleanor Maitland,&rdquo; a novel (1881); &ldquo;History of Egypt&rdquo;; three &ldquo;Hand-Books of Painting, Sculpture, and Architecture&rdquo; (1883-'6); &ldquo;Christian Symbols and Stories of the Saints&rdquo; (1886); and &ldquo;Stories of Art and Artists&rdquo; (1886). She has also translated a volume of Kenan's lectures and &ldquo;Dosia's Daughter,&rdquo; a novel by Henri Gréville, and edited a translation of Carl von Lützow's &ldquo;Treasures of Italian Art.&rdquo;

CLEMENT, Knut Jungbohn, Danish linguist, b. in the island of Amrom, Denmark, 4 Dec., 1803; d. in Bergen, N. J., 7 Oct., 1873. He was educated at Kiel and Heidelberg, and became Ph. D. in 1835. At the expense of the Danish government he made a three years' tour through the British islands and the continent, and on his return to Denmark became a professor in the University of Kiel, and delivered before large and enthusiastic classes lectures on history, politics, economy, and criticism. He had taken an active part in the question of the Sleswick-Holstein duchies, and, when they were given up, he emigrated to the United States in 1866. Dr. Clement published works on historical, linguistic, critical, and political subjects, among which were one on the &ldquo;Origin of the Teutons&rdquo; (Altona, 1836); &ldquo;Introduction to the History of Denmark&rdquo; (Hamburg, 1839); &ldquo;The North German World&rdquo; (Copenhagen, 1840); &ldquo;The Salic Law&rdquo; (Mannheim, 1843); &ldquo;Travels in Ireland&rdquo; (Kiel, 1845); &ldquo;History of Friesland's Life and Sorrows&rdquo; (1845); &ldquo;Shakespeare's &lsquo;Tempest&rsquo; Historically Illustrated&rdquo; (Leipsic, 1846); &ldquo;Journey through Holland and Germany&rdquo; (1847); &ldquo;The French and their Language&rdquo; (1848); &ldquo;The Best Means of Ameliorating the Condition of the Duchies of Sleswick and Holstein&rdquo; (Altona, 1848); &ldquo;The True Condition of the Language and Nationality of South Jutland&rdquo; (Hamburg, 1849).

CLEMMER, Mary. See Ames, Mary Clemmer.

CLERC, Laurent, educator, b. in La Balme, near Lyons, France, 26 Dec, 1785 ; died in Hart- ford, Conn., 18 July, 1869. He was a son of the mayor of the commune where he was born, and, when about a year old, fell into the fire, was badly burned, and lost the sense of smell and hearing. He was taken at the age of twelve to the Abbe Sicard, in Paris, successor of the Abbe de I'Epee, and under his skilful instructions attained rapid proficieney, in 1805 was appointed tutor, and in 1806 a teacher. While on a visit to England in 1815, he made the acquaintance of the KeV. Dr. Gallaudet, who persuaded him to come to this country to lay the foundation of deaf-mute instruction. They arrived in New York in August, 1816, and opened the asylum at Hartford, 15 April, 1817. He devoted his life thenceforth to the interests of this institution, which was very successful, until in 1858, overcome by the infirmities of age, he retired with a pension. He married at the age of thirty-four Miss Boardman, a deaf-mute, who bore him several children, all of them possessed of speech and hearing. The oldest son became an Episcopal clergyman in St. Louis.

CLEVELAND, Aaron, clergyman, b. 29 Oct., 1715; d. in Philadelphia, 17 Aug., 1757. He was a son of Capt. Aaron Cleveland, one of the wealthiest freeholders of Medford, Mass., and was graduated at Harvard in 1735. He was a man of great personal comeliness, strength and activity, and the best skater, swimmer, and wrestler in the college in his day. In 1739 he was made pastor of the church in Haddam, where his father possessed landed property. The preaching of Whitefield produced a great impression on his mind, and led to subsequent changes in his religion. In 1747 he removed to Massachusetts, but soon afterward took an active part in the emigration from New England for the settlement of Nova Scotia. He established the first Presbyterian church in Canada, at Halifax, in 1750, and the congregation is continued to this day; but the Scottish Calvinists became its directors, overriding the New Englanders, and in 1755 Mr. Cleveland went to London, where he received holy orders, and returned to America as a missionary of the venerable Society for the propagation of the gospel. While in England he became satisfied that the original spelling of the family name was &ldquo;Cleveland,&rdquo; as he and his descendants have since written it, while other American branches of the family generally retain the form &ldquo;Cleaveland.&rdquo; During his voyage the vessel sprung a leak, and he lent his muscular aid to the sailors with good results, but inflicted an injury upon his strong frame, from the effects of which he never recovered. He was rector of the church in Newcastle, Del., but visiting Philadelphia for medical treatment, when he died under the hospitable roof of his friend, Dr. Franklin. A beautiful tribute to his character appeared in Franklin's newspaper. Mr. Cleveland married in 1739 Susannah Porter, a lady celebrated for her personal beauty and character. She was a granddaughter of Maj. Sewall, of Salem, and connected by her parentage with the best families of the colony. &mdash; His son, Stephen, naval officer, b. in East Haddam, Conn., in 1740; d. in Salem, Mass., in 1801. He went to sea at the age of fourteen, was taken by a British press-gang in Boston in 1756, and kept in service till 1763. Soon after the Declaration of