Page:Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography (1900, volume 1).djvu/666

632 He also sent to Massachusetts a large assortment of seeds, many of which proved of special value to his own state, on account of the high latitude from which they were selected. He discovered a new lichen on the side of Mt. Tieni, at an elevation of 3,200 feet, which was named Cetraria Clarkii, in his honor, by Prof. Edward Tuckerman. Subsequent to his resignation from the agricultural college he became interested in a scientific floating college, projected by Mr. Woodruff, whose sudden death caused the abandonment of the scheme. After this Prof. Clark resided in Amherst until his death, partly occupied with mining operations. From 1859 till 1861 he was a member of the Massachusetts state board of agriculture, and a member ex officio from 1876 till 1879. He was one of the commission of three, appointed by Gov. Andrew in 1863, to consider the expediency of establishing a state military academy. He was a presidential elector in 1864, and a representative to the Massachusetts legislature in 1864-'5 and 1867. He was a fellow of the American academy of arts and sciences, and also a member of other scientific societies. His published papers include &ldquo;Ueber Chlormagnesium-Ammoniak&rdquo; (1851); &ldquo;Analyse des Steinmarks aus dem Sächsischen Topasfels&rdquo; (1851); and &ldquo;Analysen von Meteoreisen&rdquo; (1852), which appeared in &ldquo;Liebig's Annalen&rdquo;; and also the following papers contributed to the annual reports of the Massachusetts state board of agriculture: &ldquo;Report on Horses&rdquo; (1859-60); &ldquo;Professional Education the Present Want of Agriculture,&rdquo; &ldquo; The Work and the Wants of the Agricultural College&rdquo; (1868); &ldquo;The Cultivation of the Cereals&rdquo; (1868); &ldquo;Nature's Mode of Distributing Plants&rdquo; (1870); &ldquo;The Relations of Botany to Agriculture&rdquo; (1872); &ldquo;The Circulation of Sap in Plants&rdquo; (1873); &ldquo;Observations on the Phenomena of Plant-Life&rdquo; (1874); and &ldquo;Agriculture in Japan&rdquo; (1878). In 1869 he translated, for use in the Agricultural college, Scheerer's &ldquo;Blow-pipe Manual.&rdquo;

CLARKE, Sir Alured, soldier, b. in 1745 ; d. in September, 1833. He entered the British army in 1755, and was lieutenant-colonel and brevet colo- nel of the 7th foot during the American war for independence. He was in command during the British occupation of Savannah, Ga., until the Avithdrawal of his troops, 11 July, 1782, and gained the good will of the inliabitants by the strict disci- pline that he maintained, and by the uniform courtesy with which he treated the inhabitants and protected their property from laillage. He was governor of Jamaica in 1792 and 1793, and governor-general of India from 1797 till 1808.

CLARKE, Charles, Canadian journalist, b. in Lincoln, England, 28 Nov., 1826. He was educated in his native place and at Waddington, Lincoln- shire, and in 1844 emigrated to Canada and be- came a farmer. After contributing articles to the Hamilton " Journal and Express " for some time, he obtained control of the paper, and continued this connection until 1850. Subsequently he wrote several political papers for the " North American," was a contributor to various other reform jour- nals, and in 1852 established the '• Backwoods- man." He was elected to the Ontario legislature for Centre Wellington in 1871, re-elected in 1875 and 1879, and again at the last general election for the same constituency. He became speaker of the House in 1880, and was re-elected in 1884.

CLARKE, Dorus, author, b. in Westhampton, Mass., 2 Jan., 1797 ; d. in Boston, Mass., 8 March, 1884. He was graduated at Williams in 1817, stud- ied theology at Andover in 1818-'20, travelled with the Rev. Asahel Nettleton to observe his method of preaching, was ordained 5 Feb., 1823, and was pas- tor of the Congregational church at Blandford, Mass., from 1823 till 1835, and then at Chicopee until 1841, when he became associate editor and proprietor of the " New England Puritan," a relig- iotis magazine published in Boston. He after- ward edited the " Christian Times " in Boston in 1845-'51, and the " Christian Parlor Magazine " in New York city. He resided for some time in Waltham, Mass., and in his last years at Bos- ton. He was a student of genealogical and local history, was historian of the New England historic- genealogical society, an active member of various religious and philanthropic organizations, and a prolific writer. In 1836 he published a series of " Letters to Young People in Manufacturing Vil- lages " ; in 1838, " Letters to Horace Mann " ; in 1864, after retiring from editoi'ial life, " Fugitives from the Escritoire of a Retired Editor" ; in 1869, " Oneness of the Christian Church " (Boston) ; in 1871, " Orthodox Congregationalism and the Sects," followed by " Review of the Oberlin Council," and in 1873 by "Revision of the English Version of the Bible." In 1876 he compiled " Ancestry and Writ- ings," in 1877 wrote an " Essay on the Tri-Unity of God," and in 1879 a brochure called " Saying the Catechism," which passed through many editions.

CLARKE, Edward Hammond, physician, b. in Norton, Bristol co., Mass., 2 Feb., 1820; d. in Bos- ton, Mass., 30 Nov., 1877. He was graduated at Harvard in 1841, took his medical degree at the University of Pennsylvania in 1846, and, after trav- elling extensively in Europe, established himself in Boston, and soon took a high rank among physi- cians there. He held the professorship of materia medica in Harvard from 1855 till 1872, when he re- signed. Dr. Clarke's publications include " Obser- vations on the Treatment of Polypus of the Ear " (Boston, 1869) ; " Physiological and Therapeutical Action of Bromide of Potassium and Bromide of Ammonium," with R. Amory (1871) ; " Sex in Edu- cation," a book that attracted wide attention (1873) ; "The Building of a Brain" (Boston. 1874); and " Visions ; a Study of False Sight." The last- named work, prepared amid the sufferings of the lingering and painful disease of which he died, was published under the supervision of Dr. Oliver Wen- dell Holmes, who prefixed a memorial sketch of the author (Boston, 1878). In this work Dr. Clarke oc- cupies a middle ground between those who regard all visions as delusions and those who ascribe to them a preternatural origin. He delivered an ad- dress on " Education of Girls " before the National educational association at Detroit, 5 Aug., 1874.

CLARKE, Elijah, soldier, b. in North Carolina; d. in Wilkes county, Ga., 15 Dec, 1799. He removed to Georgia in 1774, became a captain in 1776, and distinguished himself in engagements both with Indians and British on the frontiers of Georgia; was appointed a colonel of militia, engaged in the battles of Musgrove's Mill and Blackstocks, afterward promoted brigadier-general, and contributed to the capture of Augusta in June, 1781. At the battle of Long Cane he was severely wounded, and, on his recovery, joined the command of Gen Pickens. He afterward fought many battles, and made several treaties with the Creek Indians. He was accused in 1794 of a design to establish an independent government in the Creek nation, where he had settled in violation of law, and was suspected of accepting a commission and receiving emoluments from the French s:overnment. — His son, John, b. in 1766; d. in west Florida, 15 Oct., 1832. was appointed a lieutenant in the Continental army at the age of sixteen, fought under his father