Page:Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography (1900, volume 1).djvu/605

Rh visited Italy with Kensett, and, revisiting Europe in 1847-'8, painted a panorama of the Rhine. Since 1853 he has passed his summers at North Conway, N. H., where he has a cottage and studio, and has painted many White mountain views, as well as those of Switzerland, which are owned in and around Boston. He was president of the Boston art club in 1858, and in 185-'G he again visited Europe, spending a summer in Brittany.

CHAMPNEY, James Wells, painter, b. in Boston, Mass., 16 July, 1843. When sixteen years old he began his art education under a wood-engraver in Boston. In 1863 he served a short time in the 45th Massachusetts volunteers, and later taught drawing in Lexington, Mass. In 1866 he went to P^urope, and studied in 1867-8 in Paris under ifidouard Frere, and in Antwerp at the academy. After spending the winter of 1869-'70 in Rome, he returned to the United States and opened a studio in Boston, but was in Europe again in 1871-'3. In 1873 he travelled in the southern United States to make sketches for Edward King's " New South," and in 1874-'5 went again to Europe and sketched in Spain during the Carlist war. In 1876 he built a studio in Deerfield, Mass., where he has since spent most of his summers, his winter studio be- ing in New York city. Mr. Champney is a mem- ber of the American society of painters in water- colors, and in 1882 was elected an associate member of the National academy. His works include " Which is Umpire '^ " (1871) ; " Sear Leaf " (1874) ; "Not so Ugly as he Looks " (1875) ; '-Your Good Health" (1876); "Where the Two Paths Meet" (1880); "Indian Summer" (1881); "Bonny Kil- meny," " Boarding-School Green-Room " (1882) ; "Pamela," " Hide-and-Seek," "Eunice" (1884); " In May Time," " He Loves Me " (1885) ; " Satur- day Eve," " Griselda," " Song without Words " (1886). — His wife, Lizzie Williams, b. in Ohio in 1850, is the author of " In the Sky-Garden," a book of astronomical fables (Boston, 1876) ; " All Around a Palette " ; " Bourbon Lilies " ; and other tales and sketches, besides a novel called " Sebia's Tan- gled Web," and " Three Vassar Girls in South America " (1885). Most of these books were illus- trated bv her husband.

CHAMPNEYS, Benjamin, jurist, b. in Bridge- ton, Cumberland co., N. J., in January, 1800 ; d. in Lancaster, Pa., 9 Aug.. 1871. After studying under a private tutor in New York city he entered Princeton, but left college on his father's death, and studied law with Chief-Justice Ewing, of New Jersey, and afterward at Lancaster, Pa., where he was admitted to the bar on 2 April, 1818. He was deputy attorney-general of the mayor's court, Lan- caster, from 1824 till 1830, deputy attorney-general of the county till 1833, and president-judge of the second judicial district from 1839 till 1842. He had served in the lower house of the legislature in 1825 and 1828, and from 1843 till 1846 was a member of the state senate. He was attorney-general of the state from 1846 till 1848, when he resigned. He was sent to the state house of representatives again in 1863, and to the senate in 1864, 1865, and 1866. Judge Champneys was a democrat till the civil war, when he became a republican.

CHANCELLOR, Charles Williams, physician, b. in Spottsylvania county, Va., 19 Feb., 1833. He was educated at Georgetown college, D. C, and at the University of Virginia, and was graduated at Jefferson medical college, Philadelphia, in 1853. He practised in Alexandria, Va., till 1861, and dur- ing the civil war was medical director on the staff of Gen. Pickett, in the Confederate army. After the war he practised in Memphis, Tenn., till 1868, when he was elected professor of anatomy in Wash- ington university, Baltimore, Md. He was made dean of the faculty in 1869, and transferred to the chair of surgery in 1870. He resigned in 1873, was elected secretary of the State board of health in 1876, and president of the State insane asylum in 1877. He has published a " Report upon the Condition of the Prisons, Reformatories, and Char- itable Institutions of Maryland," made to the governor of the state (Frederick, Md., 1875); a treatise on " Mineral Waters and Sea-side Re- sorts " (Baltimore, 1883) ; and a large number of monographs on medical and sanitary subjects, in- cluding " Contagious and Infectious Diseases " (Baltimore, 1878) ; " Drainage of the Marsh Lands of Maryland " (1884) ; " A Sanitary Inspection of Elkton, Md." (1886); "Heredity" (Philadelphia, 1886) ; and the " Sewerage of Cities " (Baltimore, 1886). He has also read papers before the Ameri- can public health association on " The Squalid Dwellings of the Poor" (1884); and " Impure Air and Unhealthy Occupations as Predisposing Causes of Pulmonary Consumption " (1885). Dr. Chan- cellor is a fellow of the Royal society of London.

CHANCHE, John Mary Joseph, R. C. bishop, b. in Baltimore, Md., in 1795 ; d. in Frederick, Md., in 1853. He was educated at St. Mary's seminary, Baltimore, ordained in 1819, appointed professor in St. Mary's, and subsequently vice-president, and in 1834 succeeded Dr. Eccleston as president. He was offered the place of coadjutor to the archbishop of Baltimore and to the bishop of Boston succes- sively, but declined. He was chosen as master of ceremonies to the second provincial council of Bal- timore, and was chief promoter of the first national council. On the formation of the see of Natchez, Dr. Chanchc was nominated bishop, and conse- crated in 1841. He found his diocese without church or priest; but the Catholics in Natchez were generous and zealous, and by their aid he was enabled to begin the building of a cathedral in 1842. He also opened an academy for young ladies, and conducted missions among the colored people with success. He visited Havana in 1844 with the object of examining documents, which, he thought, would prove the title of the Catholic church to property in Mississippi, at the time in possession of the United States, but was unsuccessful. In 1848 he introduced the sisters of charity from Em- mettsburg, and founded St. Mary's orphan asylum and school. He enibailicd for France toward the end of the year 1848, with the purpose of uniting the sisters of charity of the United States with the same order in that country, and his efforts were crowned with success. During his occupation of the see of Natchez he built eleven churches and es- tablished thirty-two missionary stations.

CHANDLER, Abiel, philanthropist, b. in Con- cord, N. II., 26 Feb., 1777 ; d. in Walpole, N. H., 22 March, 1851. He was occupied in agricultural labors until twenty-one years of age, and subse- quently attended Harvard, where he was gradu- ated in 1806. From this time until 1817 he was a teacher in Salem and Newburyport. He was after- ward engaged for many years in business in Bos- ton as the head of the "firm of Chandler, Howard & Co., from which he retired in 1845 with a fortune. He bequeathed $50,000 to establish a scientific school in connection with Dartmouth college, $1,600 for the establishment of a scientific agricultural school, and the remainder of his estate to the New Hampshire asvlum for the insane.

CHANDLER, Charles Frederick, chemist, b. in Lancaster, Mass., 6 Dec., 1836. He studied at Lawrence scientific school of Harvard, and abroad