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562 in his abandoning the mission, he made a vow never to leave them, which vow lie kept to the end.

CHABERT, Joseph Bernard, Marquis de (sha- bayr'), French naval officer, b. in Toulon, 28 Feb., 1724 : d. in Paris, 1 Dec, 1805. lie entered the navy in 1741, and served with the French during the American revolutionary war, greatly distinguish- ing himself. In 1782 he was made commander of a squadron, and in 17i)2 became A'iee-admiral of the navy. During the French revolution he retired to England, but returned to Paris in 1802, when he received a pension from Bonaparte, by whom, in 1804, he was appointed a member of the board of longitudes. He was an accurate observer and in- dustrious hydrographer. He planned and executed maps of the shores of North America, the Mediter- ranean, and especially of Greece. In 1758 he was elected a member of the French academy of sci- ences. His writings include " Voyages sur les cotes de I'Amerique septentrionale " (Paris, 1753).

CHABRAT, Guy Iganatius (sha-brah'), R. C. bishop, b. in Chambery, France, in 1787; d. in Mauriac, France, in 1868. He was educated in a Sulpician seminary, and ordained sub-deacon in 1809. He volunteered for the American mission, was ordained priest in 1811, and appointed pas- tor of St. Michael's, Nelson county, Ky. He had charge of several other congregations in this state up to 1824, when he was selected as superior of the community of Loreto. In 1834 he received from Rome the bulls for his consecration as bishop of Bolina and coadjutor to the bishop of Bardstown. Being threatened with loss of sight, he visited Eu- rope, and, as the most eminent oculists gave him on hope of recovery, he resigned his see in 1847 and retired to his father's house in France. Eventually he became totally blind, but recovered his health.

CHACE, George Ide, physicist, b. in Lancas- ter, Mass., 19 Feb., 1808 ; d. in Providence, R. 1., 29 April, 1885. He was graduated at Brown in 1830, and, after a year spent as principal of the preparatory classical school in Waterville, Me., was appointed tutor in the department of mathematics and natural philosophy at Brown, and shortly after- ward he became adjunct professor with Dr. Cas- well. For fifteen years he occupied the chair of chemistry, physiology, and geology, and for five years the chair of moral philosophy and metaphys- ics. On the resignation of Dr. Sears he dischai-ged the duties of president for one year. His entire service at Brown covered a period of forty-one years. In 1872 he retired from the university and spent a year and a half in foreign travel. In the closing years of his life he was a member of the municipal government of Providence, and presi- dent of the Rhode Island state board of charities and corrections. In 1853 the degree of Ph. D. was conferred upon him by Lewisburg, and that of LL. D. by Brown. The most important of his lec- tures and reviews were published with a life by James 0. Murray (Boston, 1886).

CHACE, Jonathan, senator, b. in Fall River, Mass., 22 July, 1829. He became a cotton-manu- facturer, was a member of the Rhode Island senate in 1876-'7, and was elected to congress in 1880, and re-elected for the following term. He was elected by the legislature to serve out the senatorial term of Henry B. Anthony, which will expire in 1889, and took his seat on 26 Jan., 1885.

CHADBOURNE, Paul Ansel, educator, b. in North Berwick. Me., 21 Oct., 1823 ; d. in New York city, 23 Feb., 1883. After the death of his mother, in 1836, he entered the family of an acquaintance, on whose farm he worked in the summer, and in whose shop he learned the carpenter's trade in the winter, when not attending school. Afterward, when sixteen years old, he was employed as a clerk in a drug-store in Great Palls, N.H., and there gained a famil- iarity with the names and na- ture of the va- rious articles on sale, which aided him in his later chemi- cal studies. He was prepared for college at Phillips Exe- ter academy, where he sup- ported himself by copying law papers in term time and teaching in vacation, and was graduated at Williams in 1848, with the valedictory. He then taught, and studied theology in Freehold, N. J., where a serious illness nearly ended his life, and entered the seminary at East Windsor, Conn., in 1848, but continued ill health forced him to leave after a year's study. He was principal of Great Falls high school in 1850, tutor at Williams in 1851, and, after another attack of illness, took charge of East Windsor academy. He was licensed to preach on 19 Oct., 1853. In the same year he was appointed professor of chemistry and botany at Williams, and in 1858 was elected to a similar professorship in Bowdoin college. He performed the duties of both professorships, and was also, during the same period, professor in the medical school of Maine and in Berkshire medical college. He also lectured at Western Reserve college, the Smithsonian institution, the Lowell institute at Boston, and at Mount Holyoke seminary. He conducted several successful scientific expeditions for the students of Williams, visiting Newfoundland in 1855, Florida in 1857, the north of Europe and the geyser region of Iceland in 1859, and Greenland in 1861. In 1859 he was transferred to the chair of natural history, where he remained till 1867. In that year he became first president of the State agricultural college at Amherst, Mass., but left it for the presidency of Wisconsin university. He resigned in 1870, and, after two years among the mines in the Rocky mountains, became, in 1872, the successor of Mark Hopkins as president of Williams. Under his oversight the college prospered greatly, the number of its students was increased, and funds were liberally contributed for its support. He resigned, in 1881, to attend to important literary work, and in 1882 again became president of Massachusetts agricultural college. Dr. Chadbourne took much interest in public affairs. He was state senator from northern Berkshire in 1865 and 1866, was a delegate to the national republican convention in Cincinnati in 1876, and a presidential elector in 1880. He was actively interested in manufacturing enterprises, and was a marvel to those who knew the number of works that he carried through successfully. He was a member of various learned societies in this country and abroad. Williams gave him the degree of LL. D. in 1868, and Amherst that of D. I), in 1872. He published " Relations of Natural History to Intellect, Taste, Wealth, and Religion," four lectures before the Smithsonian in-