Page:Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography (1900, volume 1).djvu/575

Rh In 1823 his "Letters to William Prescott on the Free Schools of New England, with Remarks on the Principles of Instruction," first developed the idea of a normal school or seminary for teachers. In 1824 he edited the " United States Review " at Boston. In 1880 he assisted in organizing the American institute of instruction, of which he was long an active member and officer. His lectures before that body in 1830-'1 were valuable contribu- tions to its transactions. From 1885 till 1840 he was a member either of the house or senate of Massachusetts, was chairman of the legislative committee on education, and in 1887 drafted the bill establishing the board of education. Gov. Everett appointed him the first member of the board. He was the author of a work on the "Geography of Massachusetts," one on Middlesex and Worcester counties (1880), and one on the "Geography of New Hampshire " (1831).

CARTER, John, pioneer of Tennessee. When the district of Washington (now the state of Ten- nessee) was annexed to North Carolina during the revolution, he was elected, with John Sevier and Charles Robertson, to the convention that assem- bled at Halifax, N. C, in 1785, and framed a con- stitution for the state of Frankland, which was re- united with North Carolina in 1788.

CARTER, John C., naval officer, b. in Virginia in 1805 ; d. in Brooklyn, N. Y., 24 Nov., 1870. He was appointed to the naval service from Kentucky, 1 March, 1825, served on the sloop " Lexington " in 1827, and on the frigate " Delaware," of the Mediterranean squadron, in 1829-'30, was promoted passed midshipman, 4 June, 1831, and commis- sioned as lieutenant, 9 Feb., 1837. He served on the steamer " Mississippi," of the home squadron, during the Mexican war. On 14 Sept., 1855, he was made commander. In 1862 he commanded the steamer " Michigan " on the lakes. After the war he was placed in command of the receiving- ship " Vermont " and of the naval rendezvous at San Francisco. He was commissioned as commo- dore on the retired list on 4 April, 1867.

CARTER, Josiah Mason, lawyer, b. in New Canaan, Conn., 19 June. 1813 ; d. in Norwalk, Conn., 22 March. 1868. He was graduated at Yale in 1836, studied in the law-school at New Haven, and was admitted to the bar in 1839. He prac- tised in New York city from 1840 till 1847, and afterward in Norwalk, and served three terms in the Connecticut legislature, during the last of which he was speaker of the house. From 1862 till his death he filled the office of state attorney for Fairfield eo.

CARTER, Lorenzo, pioneer, b. in Rutland, Vt., in 1767 ; d. in Cleveland, Ohio, 7 Feb., 1814. He emigrated in 1796 to the western reserve, and settled in Cleveland in the spring of 1797. He was a man of great strength and an expert hunter, and supported his family by ferrying people across the river, by trading with the Indians, and by hunting. Through his skill and courage he acquired an ascendency over the red men. He kept a hotel and a store for the sale of hunting-supplies in the early days of Cleveland, and built the first frame house, the first warehouse, and the first vessel constructed in that town. In 1804 he was elected a major in the militia. In later life he purchased and improved a farm, which is now a part of the city and covered with buildings.

CARTER, Nathaniel Hazletine, author, b. in Concord, N. H., 17 Sept., 1787; d. in Marseilles, France, 2 Jan., 1830. He was educated at Phillips Exeter academy and at Dartmouth, where he was graduated in 1811, after which he studied law and taught school in Salisbury, N. H., and Portland, Me. In 1817 he was appointed professor of languages at Dartmouth, which was made a university at that time by the legislature, but lost his chair through the decision of the supreme court in the Dartmouth college case. He then removed to New York state, and in 1819 became editor and proprietor of the Albany "Register," afterward the "New York Statesman," an organ of the Clinton faction. In 1822 he established himself in New York city, uniting his paper with another and forming a co- partnership with G. W. Prentiss. He delivered a poem on the " Pains of the Imagination " before the Phi Beta Kappa society of Dartmouth in 1824, and the following year travelled in Europe and wrote descriptive letters, published in the "Statesman " and widely reproduced in other papers. After his return he issued the same letters, revised and enlarged, comprising the journal of his tour in Gi-eat Britain, Ireland, Jfrance, Switzerland, and Italy, in two volumes (New York, 1827). His health failing, he spent a winter in Florida, and after his return withdrew from the editorship of the " Statesman." In the autumn of 1829 he ac- companied a friend on a voyage to Marseilles, and died of consumption a few days after his arrival. He produced tnany occasional reflective poems.

CARTER, Peter, publisher, b. in Earlston, Berwickshire, Scotland, 19 July, 1825. He came with his parents to the United States in May, 1832, and received a common-school education in Galway, Saratoga eo., N. Y. After spending eight years on a farm, he entered a book-store as a boy in 1840, and in November, 1848, became a partner in the publishing-house of Robert Carter & Brothers, New York city. He was superintendent of a colored Sabbath-school in New York for thirty years, beginning in September, 1856, became chairman of the publication committee of the National temperance society. New York, in 1865, was chosen secretary of the board of directors of the New York juvenile asylum in 1874, and became one of the council of New York university in 1882. He published a book of travels in Scotland, entitled " Crumbs from the Land o' Cakes" (Boston, 1851); selections from Scottish poets, with biographical sketches, under the title " Scotia's Bards " (New York, 1853); "Bei^tie Lee" (1862); "Donald Frazer" (1867); and "Little Effie's Home" (1869). The last three are for children, and have been re- printed in Great Britain.

CARTER, Robert, editor, b. in Albany, N. Y., 5 Feb., 1819; d. in Cambridge, Mass., 15 Feb., 1879. He received a common-school education, and passed one term in the Jesuit college of Chambly, Canada. In his fifteenth year he was appointed assistant librarian in the state library at Albany, where he remained till 1838. At this time he began to publish poems and sketches in the daily papers, his first contribution being a long poem, which he dropped stealthily into the editor's letterbox, and which appeared the next day with flattering comments, but so frightfully misprinted that he hardly knew it. This experience and a natural aptitude led him to acquire proof-reading as an accomplishment, at which he became very expert. In 1841 he went to Boston, where he formed a life-long friendship with James Russell Lowell, and together they began &ldquo;The Pioneer,&rdquo; a literary monthly magazine, which Duyckinck says was &ldquo;of too fine a cast to be successful.&rdquo; Nevertheless, its want of success was due, not to the editors, but to the publisher, who mismanaged it and failed when but three numbers had been issued. Among the contributors were Poe, Hawthorne,