Page:Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography (1900, volume 1).djvu/562

528 meet on equal terms in a free market for the exchange of their commodities, for I sincerely believe that all commercial restrictions are in the end injurious to the interests of the people.&rdquo;

CARLISLE, Richard Risley, athlete, b. in Salem, N. J., in 1814; d. in Philadelphia, Pa., 25 May, 1874. At an early age he became a gymnast in a circus, afterward trained his two sons to per- form with him, and the trio, as the " Risley family," became celebrated. In 1845 they went abroad, performed at Diury lane theatre, London, and before the queen. In St. Petersburg he won six- teen prize rifles by his marksmanship, and excelled all his competitors in skating. Returning to Lon- don, he wagered that he could beat any one else in the city at shooting, wrestling, jumping, throwing the hammer, and playing billiards ; and he made good his boast on the following day in everything except billiard-playing, in which he was defeated. Piqued at this, he took with him to London the best American billiard-player, wagered .|30,000 on his success, and lost. He then bought a country- seat near Chester, Pa., but was afterward unsuccess- ful in his ventures, and finally died in the lunatic department of the Blockley almshouse. In 1848 he brought the first troupe of Japanese acrobats to this country, at a cost of $100,000.

 CARLL, John Franklin, civil engineer, b. in Bushwick (now Brooklyn), N. Y., 7 May, 1828. He received his education at Union Hall academy in Flushing, L. I., and in 1846 assisted his father in farming. Prom 1849 till 1853 he was associated with his brother-in-law, E. 0. Crowell, in the edit- ing and publication of the Newark daily and weekly " Eagle." These interests he disposed of in 1853 and returned to Flushing, where for the ten following years he practised civil engineering and surveying. In October, 1864, he settled in Pleasantville, and became engaged in the development of oil. While so occupied he devised the static pressure sand- pump, removable pump-chamber, and adjustable sleeve for piston-rods, now used in operating oil- wells. In 1874 he became attached to the Geologi- cal survey of Pennsylvania, and afterward was as- sistant in the oil and gas region. The reports of the survey— known as I (1874), I^ (1877), I^ (1880), I* (1883), and I^ in the annual report of 1885 — were prepared by him, and consist of geological descrip- tions of those counties containing petroleum.

 CARLTON, Thomas, clergyman, b. in London- derry, N. H., 26 July, 1808 ; d. in Elizabeth, N. J., 16 April, 1874. He entered the Genesee conference of the M. E. chui'ch in 1829, and was connected with that conference for twenty-three years, preach- ing in Rochester, Buffalo, and other places in west- ern New York. He was agent of the Genesee Wesleyan seminary for three years, and presiding elder of important districts for seven years. In 1852 he was elected by the general conference senior agent of the Methodist book concern in New York, which post he retained until 1872. He was also for the same period treasurer of the missionary society of the Methodist Episcopal church.

 CARMAN, Captain, seaman, d. at sea in De- cember, 1645. He commanded a vessel that sailed from New Haven in December, 1642, for the Ca- nary islands. During the voyage he was attacked by a Turkish pirate, and a severe engagement fol- lowed, in which the American vessel was boarded by a force outnumbering his own by five to one ; yet he succeeded in driving them off, and escaped with the loss of a single man and several wounded. In November, 1645, he sailed from Boston for Mal- aga, and, running aground off the coast of Spain, was, with many others, drowned.

 CARMAN, Albert, M. E. bishop, b. in Matilda (now Iroquois), Ontario, Canada, 27 June, 1833. He was graduated at Victoria college, Cobourg, in 1854, was head-master of the Matilda grammar- school in 1854-'7, professor of mathematics in Al- bert college, Belleville, Ontario, in 1858, and presi- dent of Albert college and university from 1858 till 1874 ; ordained an elder of the M. E. church in 1864, and in 1874 elected bishop of the Method- ist Episcopal church of Canada. In 1883 he was chosen general superintendent of the M. E. church. The church school at Belleville he developed from a seminary into a university, and he was also the founder of Alma college for ladies at St. Thomas, and instrumental in forming the union of the four Methodist churches of Canada.

 CARMAN, Robert Baldwin, Canadian jurist, b. in Iroquois, county of Dundas, Ontario, 23 Oct., 1843. He was graduated at Albert college, Belleville, in 1867. Subsequently he studied in Lawrence scientific school, Harvard university, and on his return to Canada was for four years professor of chemistry in Albert university. Subsequently he studied law and was admitted as a barrister in 1873. He began practice in Cornwall, and was appointed deputy judge of Stormont, Dundas, and Glengarry in 1879, and junior judge in 1883.

 CARMICHAEL, William, diplomatist, b. in Maryland ; d. in February, 1795. He was a man of fortune who resided in London at the beginning of the revolution. He was on his way to America in July, 1776, with despatches from Arthur Lee, but was detained in Paris by sickness, and assisted Mr. Deane in his correspondence and transaction of business for more than a year. He communi- cated to the king of Prussia, at Berlin, intelligence concerning American commerce, and assisted the commissioners at Paris. After his return to Amer- ica in 1778 he was a delegate to congress from Maryland in 1778-'80. He was secretary of lega- tion during Mr. Jay's mission to Spain, and when the latter left Spain, in June, 1782, he remained as charge d'affaires. In March, 1792, William Short was joined with him in a commission to negotiate a treaty with Spain in relation to the navigation of the Mississippi river ; but they were unable to make a satisfactory arrangement. Carmichael re- turned to the United States in May, 1794. His let- ters were published in Sjjarks's " Diplomatic Cor- respondence."

 CARMIENCKE, John Hermann, artist, b. in Hamburg, Germany, in 1810; d. in Brooklyn, L. I., 15 June, 1867. He studied art in Germany, and came to the United States in 1848, settling in Brooklyn. He was industrious in the pursuit of his art, and his paintings are faithful delineations of the forms of nature. He was a very successful teacher, a member of the Art association, and one of the earliest and most active members of the Brooklyn academy of design, and of the Artists' fund society of New York.

<section end="Cailmiencke" /> <section begin="Carmona" />CARMONA, Alonso or Alfonso (car-mo'-nah), Spanish soldier, b. in Priego. Spain, flourished in the 16th century. He was one of the companions of Hernando de Soto during his expedition to Florida, and wrote a description of the discovery and conquest of that region, under the title of "Peregrinaciones a la Florida y principales sucesos de su conquista." His manuscripts were useful to the Inca Garcilaso de la Vega when he wrote his "Historia de la Florida."

<section end="Carmona" /> <section begin="Carnahan" />CARNAHAN, James, educator, b. in Cumberland county, Pa., 15 Nov., 1775 ; d. in Newark, N. J., 2 March, 1859. He was graduated at Princeton in 1800, and continued there until 1803 as <section end="Carnahan" />