Page:Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography (1900, volume 1).djvu/548

514 in 1776 with his regiment at the outset of the revolution ; was appointed major-general, 19 Feb., 1779 ; colonel of his regiment, 2 Nov., 1780 ; and commanded the British forces in west Florida, where, after a gallant defence, he was obliged to surrender Pensacola to the Spaniards, 10 May, 1781. He became lieutenant-general, 28 Sept., 1787, and general in the army, 26 Jan., 1797.

CAMPBELL, John, surgeon, b. in New York state about 1822. He was appointed an assistant surgeon in the U. S. army in December, 1847, served in Mexico, and was stationed successively in Texas, in California, at forts along the western frontier, and at different eastern posts, including the mili- tary academy at West Point. He was promoted surgeon in May, 1861, acting through the civil war in that grade, and at its close received brevets of lieutenant-colonel and colonel, U. S. A., for faith- ful and meritorious services. He was advanced to the full rank of lieutenant-colonel, 8 Nov., 1877, colonel, 7 Dec, 1885, and placed on the retired list, 16 Sept., 1885.

CAMPBELL, John, Canadian physician, b. in North Sherbrooke, county Lanark, Ontario, 10 Feb., 1839. He received his early education at the com- mon school in his native place, and when twelve years of age became a clerk. Subsequently he was a teacher, and studied at McGill medical college, Montreal, where he was graduated in 1869. In 1882 he received the degree of the royal college of physicians from Edinburgh medical university. He is the author of " The Land of Burns."

CAMPBELL, John Allen, soldier, b. in Salem, Ohio, 8 Oct., 1835 : d. in Washington, D. C. 14 July, 1880. After receiving a common-school education, he learned the printing business, and at the begin- ning of the war entex'ed the army as second lieuten- ant of volunteers. He became major and assistant adjutant-general, 27 Oct., 1862, and was bre vetted brigadier-general of volunteers on 13 March, 1865, " for courage in the field and marked ability and fidelity" at Rich Mountain, Shiloh, Perryville, Murfreesboro, and through the Atlanta campaign. He was mustered out on 1 Sept., 1866, and for a time assistant editor on the Cleveland "Leader." In October, 1867, he was appointed second lieuten- ant in the 5th artillery, regular army, and at once brevetted first lieutenant, captain, major, and lieu- tenant-colonel. He served on Gen. Schofield's staff, but resigned in 1869, and was appointed the first governor of Wyoming territory. He was reap- pointed in 1873, and in 1875 became third assistant secretary of state at Washington.

CAMPBELL, John Archibald, jurist, b. in Washington, Ga., 24 June, 1811; d. in Baltimore, Md., 12 "March, 1889. His grandfather served in the revolution, and his father. Col. Duncan G. Campbell, was a distinguished Georgia lawyer, and one of the two commissioners appointed by Presi- dent Monroe, in 1824, to treat with the Creek In- dians for the sale of their lands. John A. Camp- bell was graduated at the university of Georgia in 1826, studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1829 by special act of legislature, as he had not attained his majority. He then moved to Mont- gomery, Ala., where he practised law, and was sev- eral times a member of the legislature. He was appointed associate justice of the U. S. supreme court by President Pierce, 22 March, 1853, and held this office till 1861, when he resigned. He exerted all his influence to prevent the civil war, but though he opposed secession, he believed it to be right. He was afterward assistant secretary of war of the Confederate states, and was one of the peace commissioners appointed to meet Mr. Lincoln and Mr. Seward at Fort Monroe in February, 1865. After the war he was arrested and lodged "in Fort Pulaski, but was discharged on parole, and after- ward resumed his law practice in New Orleans.

CAMPBELL, John Lyle, chemist, b. in Rock- bridge CO., Va., 7 Dec, 1818; d. in Lexington, V^a., 2 Feb., 1886. He was graduated at Washington college (now Washington and Lee) in 1843. On leaving college he became assistant in the academy at Staunton, Va., and afterward had charge of "a similar institution in Richmond, Ky. In 1851 he was called to the chair of chemistry and geology at Washington college, an office which he con- tinued to occupy until his death. He was a recog- nized authority on the geology of Virginia, and wrote reports on that subject as well as frequent contributions to the scientific journals. Among his larger works were : " Geology and Mineral Re- sources of the James River Valley " (1882), and " Campbell's Agriculture ; A Manual of Scientific and Practical Agriculture for the School and Farm " (Philadelphia, 1859).

CAMPBELL, John Nicholson, clergyman, b. in Philadelphia, Pa., 4 March, 1798; d. in Albany, N. Y., 27 March, 1864. He was a pupil of James Ross, a celebrated teacher of Philadelphia, and at an early age entered the University of Pennsylva- nia, but was never graduated. He studied theology with Rev. Ezra Stiles, and afterward in Virginia, where he was for a few months teacher of lan- guages in Hampden-Sidney college. On 10 May, 1817, he was licensed to preach by the presbytery of Hanover, Va., and in 1820 was chosen chap- lain to congress. After preaching in Petersburg, Va., and Newbern, N. C, he became in 1823 the assistant of Rev. Dr. Balch, of Georgetown, D. C, and in 1825 accepted a call to the pastorate of the New York avenue Presbyterian church, Washing- ton, D. C, where his eloquence and ability soon gathered a large congregation. He was at this time one of the most active managers of the Amer- ican colonization society. He was called to the 1st Presbyterian church in Albany, N. Y., in 1831, and remained there until his death. He was also for more than twenty years one of the regents of the university of the state of New York. Dr. Campbell was a man of quick perception, tenacious memory, great decision of character, and of cour- teous and dignified manners. He possessed grea.t executive ability, was an eloquent preacher, and an able writer. He published sermons and ad- dresses, and wrote reports of the board of regents.

CAMPBELL, Jolm Poage, clergyman, b. in Augusta CO., Va., in 1767; d. near Chillieothe, Ohio, 4 Nov., 1814. He removed to Kentucky with his father in 1781. After receiving a good education, he became, when nineteen years old, preceptor of an academy at Williamsburg, N. C. Here he adopted atheistic views, but was converted by reading Jenyns's " Treatise on the Internal Evidence of Christianity," and, giving up the study of medi- cine, in which he had engaged, resolved to become a clergyman. He was graduated at Hampden-Sidney in 1790, was licensed to preach in May, 1792, and settled in Kentucky in 1795, preaching in various places. In 1811 he was chaplain to the legislature. As his salary was insufficient for the support of his family, he was obliged To practise medicine. His death resulted from exposure while he was preaching. Dr. Campbell was a graceful preacher and an accomplished scholar. He published "The Passenger" (1804); "Strictures on Stone's Letters on the Atonement" (1805); "Vindex" (1806); "Letters to the Rev. Mr. Craighead" (1810); "The Pelagian Detected" (1811); "Air