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510 James Buchanan. During the Mexican war he accompanied the volunteers of his state as sutler, in January, 1847. When the civil war began he was living in retirement upon his estate on the banks of the Susquehanna, but upon urgent en- treaty accepted the appointment of colonel of the 79th (Highland) regiment of New York state mili- tia. He was killed while gallantly leading his men in a charge at Bull Run. — Simon's son, James Donald, senator, b. in Middletown, Dauphin co., Pa., 14 May, 1888, was graduated at Princeton, in 1852, entered the Middletown bank as clerk, be- came cashier, and afterward president. He was also president of the Northern Central railway company of Pennsylvania from 1803 until the road was leased by the Pennsylvania railroad in 1874, and in this place did good service to the national cause during the civil war. The road, although several times cut by the Confederates, was a means of communication between Pennsylvania and Wash- ington, and after the war it was extended, imder Mr. Cameron's administration, to Elmira, N. Y., so as to reach from the great lakes to tide-water. Mr. Cameron has since been connected with various coal, iron, and manufacturing industries in his state. He was secretary of war under President Grant from 22 May, 1876, till 8 March. 1877, and was then chosen IT. S.. senator to fill the vacancy caused by his father's resignation. He was re- elected in 1879, and again in 1885, for the term ending in 1891. He was a delegate to the Chicago republican conventions of 1868 and 1880. and chair- man of the national republican committee in the latter vear.

CAMINATZIN (cah-me-naht-zeen'), also called Cacamatzin, Cacamaziii, Cacuiuatzin, and Ca- cumazin, Mexican king, d. in 1521. He was nephew of Montezuma, reigned over Tezcoco, the principal city of Anahuac, and made an official visit to Cortes at Ayotzinco. When Caminatzin sug- gested a declaration of war against the foreigners, the proposal was received with enthusiasm, and he called upon the Spaniards to leave the country im- mediately. Cortes was preparing to march against Tezcoco. when the representations of Montezuma concerning the defences of the town and the dar- ing of the population induced him to change his plan and resort to treason. At his instigation Montezuma invited his nephew to Mexico to be- come reconciled with the Spaniards. Caminatzin answered that he could enter Mexico only to de- stroy the oppressors of his country. Montezuma then despatched secret agents to Tezcoco to get possession of the young prince. His officers and friends were corrupted, and he was delivered by them to Cortes, imprisoned, and subsequently re- placed on the throne by his brother Cuicuitzcatzin. He was released after the expulsion of the Span- iards from the city of Mexico, and is supposed to have perished soon after in the siege.

CAMINHA DE MENESES, Antonio Telles da (cah-meen'-ya). Marquis de Rezende, Brazilian diplomatist, b. in Torres-vedras, Portugal, 22 Sept., 1790; d. in Lisbon, 8 April, 1875. Being in Brazil during the war of independence, he adhered to the revolutionary party, entered the diplomatic ser- vice, and was Brazilian minister plenipotentiary in Paris, St. Petersburg, and Vienna. On his return to Brazil he was appointed to a high office in the imperial household. He was a member of various European scientific societies. His principal works are " Descripgas e recordagoes historicas," " Elogio historico de Jose de Seabra de Silva," " Memoria historica de dom frei Francisco de S. Luis Saravia," "Titulo de Augusto," "Eclaircissements historiques sur mes negotiations relatives aux affaires de Por- tugal depuis la mort du roi don Jean VI.," and translations from the French and other languages.

CAMMERHOFF, John Frederick, Moravian bishop, b. near Magdeburg, Germany, 28 July, 1721; d. 28 April, 1751. He was educated at Jena, and when but twenty-five years of age was consecrated a bishop, 25 Sept., 1746, in London, and sent to America as Bishop Spangenberg's assistant. He began his work with enthusiasm, helping to superintend the churches, going out to preach to the settlers of Pennsylvania and New York, and promoting the mission among the Indians. His friendly ways and great zeal made such an impression upon the aborigines that the Iroquois formally adopted him into the Turtle tribe of the Oneida nation, giving him the name of Gallichwio, or &ldquo;A Good Message.&rdquo; He frequently visited the Indian country, and gained many converts. In 1750 he undertook a visit to Onondaga, the capital of the Six Nations, enduring hardships and dangers with the fortitude of an apostle. His journal of this tour, which occupied three months, and embraced a distance of 1,600 miles, is full of startling incidents and hair-breadth escapes. Cammerhoff's physical frame was too weak to bear the strain of such journeys, and he died at the age of twenty-nine. When the Iroquois heard of his death, they mourned for him as for a brother. &ldquo;He was,&rdquo; they said, &ldquo;an honest, upright man, in whose heart no guile was found.&rdquo; Thirty-one years later, Zeisberger, apostle of the western Indians, heard his name mentioned among them with deep respect. He was a fine scholar and a powerful orator.

CAMPBELL, Alexander, merchant, b. in Scotland about 1707 : d. there about 1790. Some years before the revolution he emigrated to America and was a merchant in Falmouth, Va. On the break- ing out of the war he adhered to the cause of the crown, lost his property, and returned to Scotland in 1776, in a very impoverished condition. He settled in Glasgow, and there his son Thomas, the distinguished poet, was born in 1777. Archibald Campbell, brother of Alexander, an Episcopal min- ister and a whig, remained in the country and had Washington and Lee among his parishioners. An elder brother of the poet married a daughter of Patrick Henry.

CAMPBELL, Sir Alexander, Canadian statesman, b. in Yorkshire, England, in 1822 ; d. in Toronto, 24 May, 1892. He was of Scottish descent, and came to Canada when a child, receiving his early tuition from a Presbyterian minister at Lachine, where his parents had settled, and subsequently attended the Roman Catholic seminary of St. Hyacinthe in the same place. His education was completed at the royal grammar school of Kingston. He studied law in the office of John A. Macdonald, and in 1848 was admitted as an attorney, and at once formed a partnership with Mr. Macdonald. In 1858 he was elected to the legislative council in the liberal conservative interest for the Cataraqui division, in 1862 was chosen speaker of the council, and in 1864 was asked to form a cabinet, but declined. He accepted the portfolio of crown lands commissioner in the Tache-Macdonald ministry in 1864, which he retained until the confederation in 1867, at which date he was called to the senate. On 1 July of the same year he became postmaster-general, and about six months afterward resigned this office to become minister of the interior, which office he held until his party went out of power on 5 Nov., 1873. From that time until the resignation of the Mackenzie ministry he was leader of the opposition in the