Page:Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography (1900, volume 1).djvu/507

Rh fulling-mill in his native place. He was graduated at Yale in 1827, became literary editor of the New York " Journal of Commerce," and then taught school in Norwich, Conn. From 1829 till 1881 he was a tutor at Yale, studying law at the same time, and afterward theology. In May, 1833, he became pastor of the North Congregational church in Hartford, Conn., where he made a reputation as a brilliant preacher. He remained in Hartford till his death, though failing health compelled him to resign his pastorate in 1859. Pie received the de- gree of D. D. from Wesleyan university in 1842, and from Harvard in 1852, and Yale save him that of LL. D. in 1871. In 1849 Dr. Bushnell published three discourses, under the title of " God in Christ " (Hartford, 1849). The book opened with a preliminary dissertation on the inefficacy of language to express thought. The views of the doctrine of the Trinity expressed in this work were obnoxious to many of Dr. Bushnell's fellow-clergy- men, and he was brought before the association of Congregational ministers, of which he was a mem- ber, to answer to a charge of heresy. He defended himself with much skill, and the charge was not sustained. His defence was afterward published under the title "Christ in Theology " (1851). In the preface to this volume the author concludes that an exposition of exact theology in human language is impossible. Dr. Bushnell wrote much for periodical literature and published many ad- dresses. When in Europe, in 1846, he wrote a let- ter to the pope, which was published in London. He was a bold thinker, and his writings are dis- tinguished by their graphic style. " Bushnell Park," Hartford, in which the state-house stands, was named in his honor. Besides works already mentioned, he wrote " Christian Nurture " (Hart- ford, 1847 ; enlarged ed.. New York, 1860) ; " Ser- mons for the New Life " (1858) ; '" Nature and the Supernatural " (1858) ; " Character of Jesus " (1861) ; " Work and Play," a collection of addresses (1864) ; " Christ and His Salvation " (1864) ; " The Vicari- ous Sacrifice " (1865) ; " Moral Uses of Dark Things " (1868) ; " Woman Suffrage, the Reform against Nature " (1869) ; '• Sermons on Living Sub- jects " (1872) ; and " Forgiveness and Law " (1874). See " Life and Letters of Horace Bushnell," by his daughter, Mary Bushnell Cheney (New York, 1880).

BUSHNELL, William, physician, b. in Hart- ford, Conn., 10 Sept., 1800. His father settled in Trumbull county, Oliio, in 1805, and in Ashland county in 1820. William studied medicine in the Ohio medical college, supporting himself by teach- ing, practised a year in Louisiana, and in 1828 opened an office in Mansfield, Ohio. He became interested in the New York, Lake Erie, and West- ern railroad, and, when the enterprise was threat- ened with failure, devoted eight years to superin- tending the building of the road, securing the right of way, and raising the capital. He was a member of the Ohio legislature in 1849 and succeeding years, and assisted in passing the Ohio school-law. In 1878 he was a delegate to the international con- gress for prison reform at Stockholm.

BUSHYHEAD, Jesse, chief justice of the Cherokees, d. at the mission in the Cherokee na- tion, west, 17 July, 1844. He was a self-made man, acquired great distinction among his tribe, and filled with fidelity many public trusts.

BUSSEY, Benjamin, philanthropist, b. in Can- ton, Mass., 1 March. 1757 ; d. in Roxbury, Mass., 13 Jan.. 1842. He enlisted in the revolutionary army when eighteen years old, and was present at the capture of Burgoyne. At the age of twenty- two he married, and began business in Dedham, Mass., as a silversmith, with a capital of ten dollars, He removed in 1782 to Boston, where he engaged in foreign trade, and made a fortune, which he left, after the decease of certain relatives, to Harvard university, one half to endow a school of agricul- ture and the other half for the support of the law and divinity schools. His estate included a farm of several hundred acres at Jamaica Plain, near Boston, and, in accordance with his will, the uni- versity established there in 1869 a School of practi- cal agriculture and horticulture. Mr. Bussey's be- quest was estimated at the time of his death to amount to $350,000.

BUSSEY, Cyrus, soldier, b. in Hubbard, Trum- bull CO., Ohio. 5 Oct., 1833. His father was a Methodist minister. When fourteen years old he became a merchant's clerk in Dupont, Ind., and at the age of sixteen began business on his own ac- count. From this time until he was twenty-two he devoted several hours a day to study, and for two years studied medicine with his brother. Mr. Bussey settled in Davis co., Iowa, in 1855, was elected to the state senate as a democrat in 1858, and was a delegate to the Baltimore convention that nominated Stephen A. Douglas for president. At tlie outbreak of the war he strongly supported the government, and was appointed aide-de-camp to Gov. Kirkwood and commander of the militia in the southeastern part of the state, with the rank of lieutenant-colonel. On 10 Aug., 1861, he be- came colonel of the 3d Iowa volunteer cavalry, which he had raised, and joined the Army of the Southwest. He commanded a brigade in the bat- tle of Pea Ridge, participated in the Arkansas campaign of 1862, and on 10 July led the 3d bri- gade of Steele's division. He commanded the dis- trict of eastern Arkansas from 11 Jan., 1863, till the following April, when he took charge of the 2d cavalry division of the Army of the Tennessee. He was chief of cavalry at the siege of Vicksburg, domg good service in watching Gen. Joseph E. Johnston's attempts to raise the siege, led the ad- vance in Sherman's movement against Johnston, and defeated Jackson at Canton, 17 July, 1863. He was made brigadier-general, 5 Jan., 1864, for "special gallantry," and shortly afterward was given command of western Arkansas and the In- dian territory, where he restored discipline and put an end to the corruption that had prevailed in the district among dishonest contractors. He was bre- vetted major-general on 13 March, 1865, and after the war resumed business as a commission mer- chant, first in St. Louis and then in New Orleans. He was a delegate to the republican convention of 1868, which nominated Gen. Grant for president, was for six years president of the New Orleans chamber of commerce, and chairman of a commit- tee of that body that obtained from congress the appropriation for Capt. Eads's jetties at the mouth of the Mississippi. He was for three years chair- man of the Sanitary association of New Orleans, a member of the sanitary council of the Mississippi valley and of the National board of health, lie went as a delegate to the Methodist ecumenical council that convened in London, England, in 1881. Gen. Bussey engaged in business in New York city in 1881, and in 1884 took an active and exceedingly energetic part in the canvass of Mr. Blaine for the presidencv.

BUSTAMANTE, Anastasio, president of Mexico, b. in Jiquilpan, in the state of Michoacan, 27 July, 1780 ; d. in San Miguel de Allende, 6 Feb., 1853. He was family physician to Don Felix Maria Calleja, military governor at San Luis Potosi, who in 1808 gave him a commission in the