Page:Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography (1900, volume 1).djvu/409

Rh His education had been limited, but he had a mind of more than oixlinary capacity and an impressive and graceful elocution, which, added to his youth- ful appearance, made him a favorite as a preacher. In 1821 he became assistant pastor of a church in Richmond, and in 1882 he was moderator of the Dover association of Baptist churches. He de- clined the pastorate of leading Baptist churches in Boston, New York, Philadelphia, and various southern cities, and lived and died a country pas- tor. In 1843 the degree of D. D. was conferred by the Columbian college, Washington, D. C, but de- clined. He wrote extensively for the press, and published in the early part of" his ministry a "History of the Bible." This was followed by a "Catechism," "A Form of Church Discipline," the "Dover" and "Virginia Selections of Hymns," both of which were long popular in several states, and "Letters and Sermons." Some of his sermons, with a memoir by J. B. Jeter, D. D., were published in New York in 1852.

BROADHEAD, Garland Carr, geologist, b. near Charlottesville, Albemarle co., Va., 30 Oct., 1827. Pie was educated at the University of Missouri. In 1857-61 and 1871-2 he was assistant state geologist of Missouri, and in 1873-'5 state geologist. He was assistant in the Illinois geological survey in 1868, and a member of the Missouri river commission in 1884-'6. He has made extensive scientific tours in the west. As special agent of the 10th census, he reported on the quarry industries of Missouri and Kansas in 1881. In 1875 he was employed by the Smithsonian institution to make collections in Missouri for the centennial exhibition, and in 1884 collected objects for the New Orleans exhibition. The results of his geological investigations in Missouri are published in "Missouri Geological Reports, 1855-'71"(Jefferson City, 1873) and "Missouri Geological Survey, 1873-'4" (1874).

BROADUS, John Albert, clergyman, b. in Culpeper CO., Va., 24 Jan., 1827; d. in Louisville, Ky., 16 March, 1895. He was educated at the University of Virginia, and was professor of ancient languages there. He then became pastor of the Baptist church in Charlottesville, and in 1859 professor of New Testament interpretation and homiletics in the Southern Baptist theological seminary at Greenville, S. C, now in Louisville, Ky. As a Greek scholar and New Testament critic Dr. Broadus stood at the head of the Baptists of the south; but his only publication in this department is an elaborate review (in the "Religious Herald," 1866 and 1868) of the American Bible union's revised version of the New Testament. In 1870 he published "The Preparation and Delivery of Sermons," which has been adopted as a text-book in several theological seminaries. His other publications consist of sermons and review articles, and a series of papers, "Recollections of Travel," in the " Religious Herald," 1872-'3, describing a tour in Europe and the east; "Lectures on the History of Preaching" (1877); "Three Questions as to the Bible" (1884); "Commentary on Matthew" (1886); and " Sermons and Addresses" (1886).

BROBST, Samuel Kistler, clergyman, b. in Lynn township. Pa., 16 Nov., 1822; d. in Allentown, Pa.. 24 Dec, 1876. He founded in 1847 the "Jugendfreund," the first juvenile magazine published in the United States in the German language, which was subsequently transformed into the "Lutherische Zeitschrift." He also founded a German teachers' seminary, which became Muhlenberg college. He wrote on the subject of Sunday-schools, published a volume entitled "Ein Wort für das Deutsche und die Deutschen," and an annual Lutheran church almanac in German and English. He was pastor of a church in Allentown, Pa.

BROCK, Sir Isaac, soldier, b. in the island of Guernsey, 6 Oct., 1769 ; killed at the battle of Queenstown, Canada, 13 Oct., 1812. He entered the British army as an ensign at the age of fifteen, purchased a lieutenancy in 1790, served in Jamaica and Barbadoes until 1793, rose by successive steps until he had reached the senior lieutenant-colonelcy with less than thirteen years' total service, was with the expedition to North Holland in 1799, and took part in the battle of Copenhagen, also in the operations in the Baltic in 1801. In 1802 he embarked for Canada, and in the following year, single-handed, suppressed a dangerous conspiracy instigated by deserters, and caused the execution of the leaders. Obtaining leave of absence in 1805, he returned to England, but rejoined his regiment in 1806. In 1810 he was sent to Upper Canada to take command of the troops, and was also appointed lieutenant-governor of the province. His first effort was to put the province in a condition to meet the impending conflict with the United States. On the declaration of hostilities. Brock advanced upon Detroit, to which Gen. Hull had retired, and on 16 Aug., 1812, received the surrender of the entire army, with all its cannon, arms, and stores, as well as the armed brig "John Adams." For this he was made a Knight of the Bath. After the capture of Detroit, an American force of 6,000 was gathered on the Niagara frontier, and, in the battle that followed. Gen. Brock fell at the head of his troops, pierced by three balls. His last words were: "Never mind me; push on the York volunteers." Brock died where he fell. After lying in state at Government House, his remains were interred in one of the bastions of Fort George. During his funeral the Americans fired minute-guns "as a mark of respect to a brave enemy," forgetting that when Brock demanded the surrender of Detroit the year before, he had threatened to let loose his savage allies upon the inhabitants if he were compelled to take it by assault. He was in his forty-fourth year, and unmarried. He was six feet two inches in height, erect, and athletic. He had attained the rank of major-general. The house of commons voted £1,575 for a public monument, which was erected in St. Paul's. Pensions of £200 were awarded to each of the members of his family, consisting of four brothers, together with a grant of 12,000 acres of land in Canada. A monument in the form of an Etruscan column, with a winding stair within, standing on a rustic pedestal, was erected on the heights of Queenstown at a cost of £3,000 ; and on 13 Oct., 1824, the twelfth anniversary of his fall, his remains were placed in the vault beneath. The monument was blown up by a fanatic on Good Friday, 1840. Its ruins were seen and described by Charles Dickens in his "American Notes." On 30 July, 1841, a mass-meeting of more than 8,000 persons, presided over by the lieutenant-governor of Upper Canada, was held, and £5,000 voted for the immediate restoration of the monument. As restored, it stands on the original site, and is a tall column surmounted by a statue of the general. The spot on the field of battle where he fell is also marked by a small monument. A memorial church was erected in Queenstown by the York rifles, to whom his last order was given, and Broekville, with other names in Canada, perpetuates his memory.

BROCKENBOROUGH, William, jurist, b. 10 July, 1778 ; d. in Richmond, Va., 10 Dec, 1838. He represented Essex co. in the legislature, and