Page:Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography (1900, volume 1).djvu/376

348 thought it?" Then he relapsed into silence, unbroken until a few minutes before his death at the Great Meadows on the evening of 13 July, when he said: "We shall better know how to deal with them another time." He was buried before break of day, Washington reading the burial service, for the chaplain had been wounded. His grave (though now well known, and pointed out seven miles east of Uniontown) was at the time levelled with the ground to prevent Indian outrage. See "The History of an Expedition against Fort Duquesne in 1755, under Major-General Edward Braddock. Edited from the Original Manuscripts by Winthrop Sargent, M. A." (Philadelphia, 1855).

BRADFORD, Alexander Warfleld, jurist, b. in Albany, N. Y., in 1815 ; d. in New York city, 5 November, 1867. He was a son of John M. Bradford, D. D., of Albany, was graduated at Union in 1832, studied law, was admitted to the bar, and soon achieved a high reputation for extensive knowledge of law. In 1848 he entered upon political life, and was elected surrogate, was twice re-elected, and was connected, either as judge or advocate, with many prominent cases, among them the Parish will, the Seguin will, the Burdell-Cunningham trial, and the Gardiner and Tyler will. He prepared ten volumes of legal reports, four of "Reports of Surrogates' Cases," and six of "Bradford's Reports," the latter of which became a standard authority. He also edited a work on "American Antiquities," and, in conjunction with Dr. Anthon, edited "The Protestant Churchman." He was one of the commissioners designated by the legislature to codify the laws of the state. In 1846 he published a discourse delivered in 1845 before the New York historical society, and in 1863 a semi-centennial address to the Albany academy.

BRADFORD, Augustus Williamson, b. in Belair, Md.. 9 Jan., 1806 ; d. in Baltimore, 1 March, 1881. He studied law, was admitted to the bar, and became an active whig politician. He was an earnest unionist during the civil war. In 1861 he was a delegate to the peace congress, and in 1863 was elected governor of the state, serving until 1866. In July, 1 864, confederate raiders burned his house. In 1864 he was influential in securing the adoption of the new constitution of Maryland, by which slavery was abolished, and under President Johnson was surveyor of the port of Baltimore.

BRADFORD, Gamaliel, revolutionary soldier, b. in Duxbury, Mass., 3 Sept., 1731; d. there, 9 Jan., 1807. He was a descendant of Gov. William Bradford and son of Judge Gamaliel Bradford, who was a councillor under Govs. Bernard and Hutchinson, and who died 34 April, 1778, aged seventy-three years. The son served in the French war as captain and rose to the rank of major. During the revolutionary war he commanded the 14th Massachusetts regiment of continentals. After the war he was a member of the legislature and a judge.—His son, Alden, author, b. in Duxbury, Mass., 19 Nov., 1765; d. in Boston, Mass., 36 Oct., 1843. He was graduated at Harvard in 1786, and was a tutor in the college in 1791-'3, then pastor of the Congregational church in Wiscasset, Me., till 1801, afterward for some time clerk of the supreme court of Massachusetts, next a bookseller in Boston, and then, from 1813 to 1834, he held the office of secretary of state for the commonwealth, and in 1826 edited the Boston "Gazette." He was the author of "Eulogy on Washington" (1804); "On the Death of Gen. Knox" (1806); "Life of C. Strong" (1830); "History of Massachusetts from 1764 till 1789," subsequently continued down to 1830 (Boston, 1833-'9); "Life of Jonathan Mayhew" (1838); "History of the Federal Government" (Boston, 1840); "Biographical Notices of Distinguished Men of Massachusetts" (1843); "New England Chronology, 1497-1800" (1843); and accounts of Wiscasset and Duxbury.—His great-grandson, Gamaliel, political writer, b. in Boston, 15 Jan., 1881. was graduated at Harvard in 1849. He is the principal advocate for the admission of cabinet officers to a seat and a voice in congress, without the right of voting.

BRADFORD, Joseph, journalist, b. near Nashville, Tenn., 24 Oct., 1843 ; d. in Boston, Mass., 13 April, 1886. His real name was William Randolph Hunter. He was appointed to the U. S. naval academy in 1859, but did not take a full course. In 1863 he entered the navy, and served with distinction until 1864, when he resigned on account of illness. He turned to the stage, making his first appearance in Baltimore, and at that time assumed the name of Joseph Bradford, Bradford having been his mother's maiden name. He remained upon the stage several years, during which time he was connected with stock companies in Philadelphia, Baltimore, and Boston. But, although he achieved a fair measure of success in the profession, especially in a certain type of eccentric light comedy, which he played with great delicacy and beauty, his natural bent was toward literature. The last fifteen years of his life were mainly passed in Boston, and were devoted to dramatic, journalistic, and general literary work. Among his most successful plays were "Our Bachelors," "One of the Finest," and "The Cherubs." All of these had long runs, and the first two are still popular. His humor was exemplified in a series of satirical verses, mostly political, published in the Boston dailies. Some of his serious poems, notably those on the deaths of Victor Hugo, Vice-President Hendricks, and Gen. Grant, were widely copied. A collection of his poems, edited by his widow, is now (1886) in press.

BRADFORD, Joseph M., naval officer, b. in Sumner co., Tenn., 4 Nov., 1834; d. in Norfolk, Va., 14 April, 1873. He entered the navy as midshipman, 10 Jan., 1840; became a lieutenant, 16 Sept., 1855; a commander, 35 July, 1866; retired 5 Feb., 1873, and was made a captain on the retired list, 16 March, 1873. He was fleet-captain of the South Atlantic blockading squadron from November, 1863, till June, 1865, during which period he saw severe service and performed his difficult duties to the satisfaction of his superior officers.

BRADFORD, Robert, soldier, b. in Plymouth, Mass., in 1750; d. in Belpre, Ohio, in 1823. He served through the revolutionary war, from Bunker Hill to Yorktown, and was present at many important engagements. He held the rank of major and was presented by with a sword for gallantry. As a member of the Ohio company he removed to Marietta in 1788, and in the following year with a number of associates settled Belpre. He was a descendant of the sixth generation from Gov..

BRADFORD, William, colonial governor, b. in Austerfield, Yorkshire, England, in March, 1588; d. in Plymouth, Mass., 9 May, 1657. He inherited a yeoman's freehold, was seriously and religiously inclined from childhood, and joined the Puritan separatist, or Brownist, church established in 1606 by William Brewster at Scrooby Manor, near by in Nottinghamshire, thereby drawing upon him- self the hostility and contempt of his relatives and neighbors. The company, being threatened with persecution, resolved to emigrate to Holland. In the autumn of 1607, Bradford and the other principal members of the society made an agreement