Page:Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography (1900, volume 1).djvu/175

Rh of Lord Balfour of Burleigh, was a lieutenant in the 4th regiment of foot at the battle of Bunker Hill, and was severely wounded in that engagement. He also participated in the engagements preceding the capture and occupation of New York, and in the battles of Elizabethtown, Brandywine, and Germantown, and was made lieutenant-colonel of the 28d regiment in 1778. He accompanied Cornwallis to Charleston, and as commandant of that city rendered himself very obnoxious to the inhabitants by the severity of "his treatment. He was promoted major-general in 1798, served in the war with France, and in Flanders in 1794, and when he died was sixth in the list of major-generals in the British arm v.

BALFOUR, Walter, clergyman, b. in St. Ninian's, Scotland, in 1770; d. in Charlestown, Mass., 3 Jan., 1852. In early youth he was befriended by Robert Haldane, and at his expense was educated for the ministry of the church of Scotland. After several years of service there as a preacher he came to the United States, and became a Baptist about 1806. He remained in that denomination until 1823, when he went over to the Universalists, and there seems to have found a congenial sphere, for he became prominent as a preacher and writer in that sect. liis best-known book is entitled "Essays on the Intermediate State of the Dead" (Charlestown, 1828). A memoir by A. Whittemore, was published in Boston in 1830.

BALFOUR, William, British soldier, b. in 1758; d. in Fredericton, N. B., 21 Dec, 1811. He was a captain when Col. Carleton assumed the government of the province in 1784, and rose to be major-general and commander-in-chief. In 1811 he was appointed administrator of New Brunswick.

BALL, Dyer, physician, b. in West Boylston, Mass., 3 .lune, 1790; d. in Canton, China, 27 March, 1800. He studied at Phillips Andover academy and at Yale, and was graduated at Union college in 1820. He studied theology at Yale and Andover, was licensed to preach in 1828, and was ordained in 1831, after which he taught school at St. Augustine, Fla., and elsewhere at the south until 1837, having in the meantime received the degree of M. D. from the medical institution at Charleston. He sailed for Singapore 25 May, 1838, thence to Macao in 1841, to Hong Kong in 1843, and to Canton in 1845. where he passed the remainder of his life in missionary, medical, and educational labor, his medical acquirements adding much to his moral influence with the native inhabitants. He published a Chinese almanac for many years.

BALL, Ephraim, inventor, b. in Greentown, Ohio, 12 Aug., 1812; d. in Canton, Ohio, 1 Jan., 1872. His education was of the most rudimentary character, and from his fifteenth year he supported himself, following the trade of carpentry. In 1840 he directed his energies toward the establishment of a foundery for making plough castings and a shop for stocking ploughs. He had invented a plough, which later, under the name of "Ball's Blue Plough," met with a large sale. But his first invention was a turn-top stove, which he himself made in Greentown and sold during several years. In 1851, having become associated with Cornelius Aultman and Lewis Miller, the little shop at Greentown was abandoned, and the great firm of Ball, Aultman & Co. established their factories at Canton. "The Ohio Mower" was invented by Mr. Ball in 1854, and afterward he devised the "World Mower and Reaper," and in 1858 the "Buckeye Machine" was brought out, all of which have sold extensively. Afterward the firm dissolved, and from 1858 Mr. Ball devoted his attention principally to the manufacture of his "New American Harvester," which attained great popularity. In 1865 it was estimated that 10,000 of these machines were produced annually. During the later years of his life, although his inventions were used extensively, Mr. Ball was financially embarrassed, while the owners of his patents acquired great wealth.

BALL, Thomas, sculptor, b. in Charlestown, Mass., 3 June, 1819. In early life he was a singer of basso parts in oratorios, and a portrait painter in Boston. About 1852 he devoted himself to modelling, and made a miniatui-e bust of Jenny Lind, another of Daniel Webster, and a life-size statue of the statesman. He studied in Europe for several years, executing there "Truth," "Pandora," and the "Shipwrecked Sailor-Boy," and after his return to Boston made a bust of Rufus Choate, statuettes of Webster and Clay, and an equestrian statue of Washington, His later works are the statue of Forrest as "Coriolanus," of heroic size; "Eve"; a statuette of Lincoln; a bust of Edward Everett; statues of Gov. Andrew of Massachusetts, Webster, Sumner, Josiah Quincy, and the group called "Emancipation," the original of which is in Washington, and a replica in Boston. His statue of Webster, in the Central Park, is his noblest work. It was placed there at an expense of about $60,000, through the munificence of a New York merchant.

BALLARD, Bland, pioneer, b. in Fredericksburg, Va., 10 Oct., 1761; d. in Shelby co., Ky., 5 Sept., 1853. Wnen eighteen years old he joined a band of emigrants to Kentucky, then the battleground of advancing civilization, and was prominent in the Indian warfare of the time. As a major of Kentucky volunteers he led an expedition against the British and Indians at the river Raisin, in Michigan, in 1814, where he was wounded and taken prisoner. He was for several terms a member of the Kentucky legislature. Ballard co., Ky., and Blandville, its capital, commemorate his services during the early history of the state.

BALLARD, Harlan Hoge, educator, b. in Athens, Oliio, 20 May, 1853. He was graduated at Williams college in 1874, and became principal of the Lenox (Mass.) high school. In 1880 he was appointed principal of the Lenox academy. During 1875 he organized, in connection with the high school, where he was then teaching, the "Agassiz Association" for the observation and study of natural objects, and in 1880 a general invitation was issued to all interested to unite in the work and to form local branches of the association. The membership has since increased to more than 10,000, distributed in nearly 1,000 chapters, located in nearly every state and territory, as well as in Canada, Great Britain, South America, and Japan.

BALLARD, Henry E., naval officer, b. in Maryland, in 1785 ; d. in Annapolis, 23 May, 1855. He was the son of Maj. Ballard, of the revolutionary army; was appointed midshipman 2 Nov., 1804; lieutenant, 26 Aprd, 1810; master, 27 April, 1816, and captain, 3 March, 1825. He was a lieutenant on board the U. S. frigate "Constitution" in her famous action with the British cruisers "Cyane" and "Levant " in the bay of Biscay, 20 Feb., 1815. After the capture of both vessels by the "Constitution" he was placed with a prize crew on board the "Levant" and took her to the Cape Verde islands, but was captured by a British squadron in Porto Praya, in defiance of the neutral flag, whose protection he claimed.

BALLIVIAN, Adolfo (bal-lyay'-ve-an), president of Bolivia, d. m Oruro, 14 Feb., 18 r4. After