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134 but did not even return an answer. Father Badin was for about three years the only priest in Kentucky. In 1797 Bishop Carroll appointed him vicar-general, and sent him an assistant, who died in the following year. The death or withdrawal of other priests, who had been assigned to the same mission, left Father Badin alone again in Kentucky in 1803, and as, through emigration from Maryland, the Catholic population was rapidly increasing, his missionary duties were of a very exhausting nature. In 1805 he published his "Principles of Catholics," the first Catholic work printed in the west. He organized a mission at Louisville in 1806, and in 1811 built the church of St. Louis in that city. In 1812 he erected the church of St. Peter in Lexington, principally through the aid of his Protestant friends. Owing to a misunderstanding between him and Bishop Flaget as to the settlement of title to certain properties that had been acquired by Father Badin for the church before the creation of the diocese of Bardstown, the latter left Kentucky in 1819, and spent nine years travelling through Europe. On his return he took charge of the Monroe mission, Michigan territory, for a year and a half. From 1830 to 1836 he was connected with the Pottawattamie Indians on St. Joseph's river, Indiana. He was successful, not only in converting them to Christianity, but in forming them to the habits of civilized life. He established schools among them, and in a few years all the young people of the tribe had learned to read English. The last three years of Father Badin's life were spent in Cincinnati as the guest of Archbishop Purcell. Father Badin was the author of several Latin poems in hexameter verse. The principal are "Carmen Sacrum," a translation of which was printed at Frankfort; the "Epicedium," written on the death of Col. Joe Daviess at the battle of Tippecanoe, translated by Dr. Mitchell, of New York ; and "Sanctissimge Trinitatis Laudes et Invocatis" (Louisville, 1843).

BADLAM, Ezra, soldier, b. in Milton, Mass., 25 May, 1746; d. in Dorchester, Mass., 5 April, 1788. He was a brother of Gen. Stephen Badlam, was a captain in Grilley's artillery regiment at the siege of Boston in 1775, was in L. Baldwin's regiment in 1776, was present at Trenton and Princeton, and from 7 July, 1777, to 31 Dec, 1780, was lieutenant-colonel of Bailey's regiment, the 2d Massachusetts. He was in M. Jackson's regiment from 1780 to 1782, and was taken prisoner by the British Col. Norton at White Plains, 3 Feb., 1780. He afterward served as a colonel in the suppression of Shays's rebellion.—His brother, Stephen, soldier, b. in Milton, Mass., 25 March, 1748; d. in Dorchester, Mass., 25 Aug., 1815. He entered the army in 1775, became lieutenant of artillery, and soon rose to the rank of major, commanding the artillery in the department of Canada. In July, 1776, he took possession of the eminence opposite Ticonderoga, naming it Mount Independence on the 18th of that month, on receipt of the news that the declaration had been adopted by congress. In August, 1777, he did good service at Fort Stanwix under Willet, and in 1799 was made brigadier-general of militia. When a captain in New York he became acquainted with Alexander Hamilton, who frequently asked his advice in matters of tactics. He was throughout his life a great admirer and supporter of Gen. Washington, by whom he was much esteemed. His later years were passed in Dorchester, Mass., where he was prominent in local affairs and in the church.

BAENA, Antonio Ladislao Monteiro (bah-ay'-na), Portuguese historian, d. about 1851, He went to Brazil, and was for many years in the military service of that empire. He made explorations in the province of Para, and published a full description of it, in a book entitled "Ensaio Corografico sobre a Provinzia do Para" (1839), and other valuable works.

BAERLE, or BARLUS, Gaspard van, Dutch author, b. in Antwerp in 1584 ; d. in 1648. He was professor of philosophy and theology in Leyden (1617) and Amsterdam (1631). His works are: "Poemata Epistolae" (2 vols.), and "Rerum in Brasilia gestarom Historia" (Amsterdam. 1647).

BAEZ, Bnenaventura (bah'-eth), president of the Dominican republic, b. in Azua, Santo Domingo, early in the 19th century. He inherited a large fortune from his father, a mulatto, who was prominent in the revolution of 1808; cooperated with Santana in the establishment of Dominican independence; and was president from 1849 till 1853, when he was supplanted by Santana, who expelled him from the country. After the deposition of Santana in May, 1856, Baez, who had spent the interval in New York, resumed the presidency, 6 Oct., 1856 ; but was again supplanted by Santana, 11 June, 1858, and obliged to remain abroad till after the evacuation of Dominica by the Spaniards in 1865. In December of that year he was elected for a third term. This was interrupted in March, 1866, by an insurrection led by Gen. Pimentel in favor of Cabral, in consequence of which Baez was banished to St. Thomas. A new revolution in December, 1867, drove Cabral from power and restored Baez. After various direct and indirect negotiations, he signed, 29 Nov., 1869, two treaties with President Grant, one for the cession of the bay of Samana, and the other for the annexation of the Dominican republic to the United States, subject to the approval of the people of the republic, which was ostensibly obtained in an election (decreed by Baez, 16 Feb., 1870) held under the protection of American men-of-war. The U. S. senate, however, refused to ratify the treaty. A commission, ai^pointed by President Grant, under authority of congress, to visit and examine the island, reported in April, 1871, in favor of annexation; but the measure was pressed no further. Its failure encouraged Cabral and Pimentel to renew the civil war.

BAFFIN, William, navigator, supposed to have been born in London about 1584 ; d. in Kishm, Persia, 23 Jan., 1622. He is first mentioned in 1612 as pilot of the "Patience," one of the vessels that accompanied James Hall in his voyage of discovery to Greenland. An account of the expedition was written by him on his return, part of which,, published by Purehas, has been preserved. In 1613, having entered the service of the Muscovy Company, he became chief pilot of seven vessels, and visited the Spitzbergen coast for fishing. Purehas also preserved an account of this voyage, written by Baffin. Again, in 1614, he made a similar trip. In 1615 he piloted the " Discovery,"' commanded by Robert Bylot, in her search for the northwest passage. His original manuscript description of this voyage, containing much valuable information, is preserved in the British museum. In 1616 he again sailed with the "Discovery," passed up through Davis strait, reaching as far as 78° N. latitude, and cruised around the open sea now known as Baffin's bay. His narrative of this voyage was published by" Purehas, probably in an imperfect form, and his opinion is there recorded against the existence of a northwest passage. He then joined the East India Company and made voyages to the east under Capt. Shilling in 1617 "and 1620. His final