Page:Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography (1900, volume 1).djvu/119

Rh Vt., 2 Feb., 1798. He studied medicine, and began practice. In 1774 he was a charter member of the Providence grenadiers. He was a member of the general assembly in 1776, and author of the act of May, 1776, repealing the law providing lor the oath of allegiance to England. During the revolutionary war he was a surgeon in the army, and director of the army hospital at Providence. After the war he removed to St. Johnsbury, Vt.. where in 1782 he was appointed judge of the Orange co. court, an office which he held until his death. From 1782 to 1784 he was a member of the continental congress.—His son, Lemuel Hastings, statesman, b. in St. Johnsbury, Vt., 29 Jan., 1792; d. in Kingston, R. I., 27 June. 1852, was graduated at Dartmouth in 1811, studied law, and practised in Providence from 1814 to 1821, after which he engaged in manufactures. From 1826 to 1831 he was a member of the general assembly of his state. He was elected governor of Rhode Island in 1881 and again in 1832. During the Dorr rebellion of 1842, he was a member of the executive council. He was a representative in congress from 1 Dec, 1845, till 3 March, 1847.—Richard, son of Lemuel Hastings, soldier, b. in Providence, R. I., 12 April, 1828; d. on Governor's Island, New York harbor, 8 Nov., 1882. He was a son of Gov. L. H. Arnold, was graduated at West Point in 1850. He took part in the Northern Pacific railroad exploration in 1853, and was aide to Gen. Wool in California from 1855 to 1861. At the beginning of the civil war he was made captain in the 5th artillery, and served at Bull Run and through the peninsular campaign. On 29 June, 1862, "he was brevetted major for services at the battle of Savage Station, Va., and on 29 Nov. he was made brigadier-general of volunteers. On 8 July, 1863, he was brevetted lieutenant-colonel in the regular army for services at the siege of Port Hudson. He commanded a cavalry division in Gen. Banks's Red river expedition in 1864, and later in the same year rendered important services at the reduction of Fort Morgan, Mobile bay, for which, on 22 Aug., 1865, he was made brevet major-general of volunteers. For his services through the war he was, on 13 March, 1865, brevetted colonel, brigadier-general, and major-general in the regular army. After the close of the war he commanded various posts, and on 5 Dec, 1877, was made acting assistant inspector-general of the department of the east. At the time of his death he was major in the 5th artillery.

ARNOLD, Lewis G., soldier, b. in New Jersey in December. 1815; d. in South Boston, 22 Sept., 1871. He was graduated at West Point in 1837. He served as second lieutenant in the Florida war of 1837-38 with the 2d artillery, and as first lieutenant in the same regiment, on the Canada frontier, at Detroit, in 1838-39. In 1846 he accompanied his regiment to Mexico, and was engaged on the southern line of operations under Gen. Scott, being present at the siege of Vera Cruz, in which he was slightly wounded; in the battles of Cerro Gordo antl Araozoque; the capture of San Antonio, and the battle of Churubusco. In the last-named battle he led his company with conspicuous gallantry, and in the storming of the tete de pont was severely wounded. He was brevetted captain 20 Aug.. 1847, for gallant conduct at Contreras and Churubusco, and major, 13 Sept., for gallant conduct at Chapultepec. He served again in Florida in 1856, and commanded a detachment in a conflict with a large force of Seminoles at Big Cypress on 7 April of that year. The breaking out of the war in 1861 found" Maj. Arnold at the Dry Tortugas, whence he was transferred to Fort Pickens on 2 Aug. He remained there until 9 May, 1862, being in command after 25 Feb. On 9 Oct., 1861, he aided in repelling the attack of the confederates on Santa Rosa island, and commanded a detachment sent the next morning to pursue them to the mainland. In the successive bombardments of Fort Pickens, which followed in November, January, and May, Maj. Arnold, as executive officer of the work, distinguished himself by his energy, judgment, and gallantry. In recognition of the value of his services on these occasions he was brevetted a lieutenant-colonel, to date from 22 Nov., 1861 ; appointed a brigadier-general of volunteers, to date from 24 Jan., 1862; and assigned to the command of the department of Florida, with his headquarters first at Fort Pickens and afterward at Pensacola. On 1 Oct., 1862, he was placed in command of the forces at New Orleans and Algiers, Louisiana, which command he retained until 10 Nov., when he was disabled by a stroke of paralysis, from which he never recovered. In February, 1864, all hope of his restoration to active life having been abandoned. Gen. Arnold was retired.

ARNOLD, Peleg, jurist, b. in Smithfield, R. I., in 1752; d. there, 13 Feb., 1820. He received a liberal education, studied law, and was admitted to the Rhode Island bar. He was a member of the general assembly of his state, and from 9 April, 1787, to 1 Nov., 1789, was a delegate to congress under the confederation. In October, 1788, he returned to Rhode Island especially to represent to the assembly the importance of immediate action on the federal constitution. He was afterward chief justice of the Rhode Island supreme court.

ARNOLD, Samuel Greene, historian, b. in Providence, R. I., 12 April, 1821; d. there, 12 Feb., 1880. He was graduated at Brown in 1841, spent two years in a Providence counting-house, and visited Europe. On his return he studied law, being graduated at Harvard law school in 1845, and was admitted to the Rhode Island bar; but before practising he again travelled extensively in Europe, the east, and South America. In 1852 he was chosen lieutenant-governor of his state, being the only man elected on the whig ticket, and he again occupied that office in 1861 and 1862. On the breaking out of the civil war he was for a few weeks in command of a battery of artillery and aide to Gov. Sprague. From 1 Dec, 1862, to 3 March, 1863, he served in the U. S. senate, having been chosen to fill out the term of J. F. Simmons, resigned. He published a valuable "History of the State of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations" (2 vols.. New York, 1860). He was the author of "The Spirit of Rhode Island History," a discourse delivered on 17 Jan., 1853, before the Rhode Island historical society, of which he was for some time the president, an address before the American institute in New York in October, 1850, and numerous other addresses, and articles in periodicals.

ARNOLD, Thomas Dickens, lawyer, b. in Spottsylvania co., Va., 3 May, 1798; d. in Jonesboro', Tenn., 26 May, 1870. He was a farmer boy, and his education was obtained almost entirely by his own efforts, and, to stimulate himself, he taught the farmer's children. When war was declared in 1812, his strong physique and sturdy appearance permitted his enlistment, although he was but fourteen years of age. During the march to Mobile a young soldier, the only son of a poor widow, was tried by court-martial and shot by order of Gen. Jackson for the offence of straggling, and the circumstances of the execution made a deep im-