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66 izing after a seven years' contest with the Turkish authorities, finally obtaining an imperial edict that committed the college to the United States. He introduced into Constantinople the making of bread with hop yeast, in order to give employment to persecuted Armenians who had been expelled from their guilds. At the beginning of the Cri- mean war there arose a great demand for this bread, and at its close Dr. Hamlin had made $25,- 000, which he devoted to building churches and school-houses. He resigned the presidency of Robert college in 1876, was professor of dogmatic theology in Bangor seminary in 1877-80, presi- dent of Middlebury college in 1880-'5, and since then has resided in Lexington, Mass. Harvard gave him the degree of D. D. in 1861, and the University of the city of New York that of LL. D. in 1870. His writings, which are mostly in Arme- nian and published in Constantinople, include a translation of Upham's "Mental Philosophy," " Papists and Protestants " (1847) ; an " Arithmetic for Armenians" (1848; Turkish translation, 1870); and a critique on the writings of Archbishop Matteos (1863). He has published in English a letter on " Cholera and its Treatment," which was several times reprinted and widely circulated (Bos- ton, 1865), and " Among the Turks " (New York, 1877), besides numerous articles in reviews and lectures on "Free-Trade and Protection." — Han- nibal's son, Charles, lawyer, b. in Hampden, Me., 13 Sept., 1837, was graduated at Bowdoin in 1857, studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1858. He became major of the 18th Maine regiment in August, 1862, was appointed assistant adjutant- general of volunteers, 26 April, 1863, and served in the field with the Army of the Potomac from Chancellorsville through the Gettysburg campaign to that of the Wilderness, after which he was put on duty as inspector of artillery, and also served at Harper's Perry in 1864. He was bre- vetted brigadier-general of volunteers, 13 March, 1865. G-en. Hamlin was city solicitor of Bangor in 1867, has been register in bankruptcy since that year, and was a member of the legislature in 1883 and 1885, serving in the latter year as speaker. He has published " The Insolvent Laws of Maine " (Port- land, Me., 1878). — Another son. Cyrus, soldier, b. in Hampden, Me., 26 April, 1839 ; d. in New Or- leans, La., 28 Aug., 1867, was educated at Hamp- den academy and Waterville college (now Colby university), but was not graduated, fie entered the army as captain and aide-de-camp in 1862, and served on the staff of Gen. Fremont, whose favor- able notice he attracted by his conduct at Cross Keys. He afterward became colonel of the 80th regiment of colored troops, serving in the Depart- ment of the Gulf, and on 3 Dec, 1864, was made brigadier-general of volunteers. He commanded the military district of Port Hudson in 1864-'5, and on 13 March, 1865, was brevetted major-gen- eral of volunteers. Gen. Hamlin was among the first to advocate raising colored troops and the first that was appointed from Maine to command a col- ored regiment. After the war he practised law in New Orleans, where he took an active part in the movements of the reconstruction period. His death was caused by disease contracted in the army. — Hannibal's nephew, Augustus Choate, physician, b. in Columbia, Me., 28 Aug., 1828, was graduated at Bowdoin in 1851, and studied medicine in Paris and at Harvard, where he received his degree in 1854. He was surgeon in the army in 1861-'5, be- came medical director of the 11th corps, and was medical inspector during the campaign at Fort Wagner, at Nashville, and elsewhere. In 1865 he removed to Bangor, Me., and engaged in general practice. He has contributed articles on " Ali- mentation," '' Transfusion," " Transmission of Dis- eases," " Tetanus," and other subjects to the medical journals, and is the author of " History of Ander- sonville " (Boston, 1866) ; " The Tourmaline " (1873) ; and " Leisure Hours Among the Gems " (1884).

HAMLINE, Leouidas Lent, M. E. bishop, b. in Burlington, Conn., 10 May, 1797 ; d. in Mount Pleasant, Iowa, 23 March, 1865. His education was at first directed with a view to the Congrega- tional ministry, but that purpose was afterward abandoned, and the law was chosen instead. Hav- ing removed to Ohio, he was admitted to the bar at Lancaster, and for several years he pursued a successful practice. In 1828 he became a member of the Methodist Episcopal church, was soon after- ward licensed to preach, and before many months he was received into the travelling ministry in connection with the Ohio conference, and for about eight years he labored on circuits and stations in eastern Ohio and in Cincinnati, where he became known as a preacher of unusual eloquence and abilities. He became assistant editor of the " West- ern Christian Advocate " at Cincinnati in 1836, and in 1840, when the " Ladies' Repository," a monthly magazine, was projected, he became its editor. He was a delegate to the general con- ference in New York in May and June, 1844. at which began the rupture between the northern and southern parts of the Methodist body. He took a lively interest in the questions involved in that controversy, but less as it involved the rela- tions of the church to slavery than in respect to the rights and powers of the general conference over the episcopacy. A speech delivered by him in the course of the debates, it was believed, con- tributed effectually to the result that was finally reached. Later, during the same session, he was elected and ordained a bishop. He discharged the duties of that office with fidelity for six years, but in 1850 was compelled by his health to desist from all labor. Acting upon his declared concep- tion of the nature of the episcopal office — that it was only an allotment of service — and because he found himself permanently disabled, he requested the general conference of 1852 to release him from the duties of that office, and to permit him to take the place of a retired minister in the Cincin- nati conference, which request was granted. See " Life and Letters of Bishop Hamline," by Dr. Walter C. Palmer (New York, 1867).

HAMMETT, Samuel A., author, b. in Jewett City, Conn., in 1816; d. in Brooklyn, N. Y, 24 Dec, 1865. After his graduation at the University of the city of New York, he passed some years in the southwest engaged in mercantile pursuits, and was clerk of the district court of Montgomery county, Texas. In 1848 he removed to New York city and became a contributor to various journals. He published in book-form, under the pen-name of " Philip Paxton," " A Stray Yankee in Texas " (New York, 1853); "The Wonderful Adventures of Captain Priest " (1855), and other works.

HAMMOND, Charles, lawyer and journalist, b. in Baltimore county, Md., in September, 1779; d. in Cincinnati, Ohio, 3 April, 1840. When he was six years of age his father removed to Ohio county, Va., where the son worked for a time on a farm. He studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1801, and practised in Wellsburg, Va. He became a frequent contributor to the newspapers, first obtaining a favorable notice by a series of articles in the “Scioto Gazette” in defence of Gen., published in the “Ohio Federalist” at