Page:Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography (1892, volume 3).djvu/786

748 orary degree of M. A. in 1767, and he also became a fellow of the Royal society of London.

LIZANA Y BEAUMONT, Francisco Javier de (lee-thah'-nah), viceroy of Mexico, b. in Arnedo, Spain, 3 Dec, 1750 ; d. in Mexico, 6 March, 1811. He studied philosophy in Calatayud, was grad- uated as doctor in theology and law in Saragossa, and, after entering the priesthood, was appointed professor of theology at Alcala. He became attor- ney of the bishopric of Alcala, then canon of the cathedral of Zamora, vicar-general of that see, assistant bishop of Toledo, bishop of Teruel, and finally archbishop of Mexico. He established in the university the chair of church discipline, founded several colleges, and in Lower California the village and mission of Concepcion de Arnedo. In 1809 the junta of Cadiz appointed the arch- bishop viceroy, replacing Gen. Garibay, and, on 19 July, Lizana took charge of the government. He faithfully sustained the central junta, but without independent action, limiting himself to executing the orders that he received. He solicited subscrip- tions to assist the junta in their resistance to in- vasion, and sent $11,000,000 to Cadiz. He ordered the proclamations of King Joseph, which were scat- tered over the country by order of Napoleon, to be collected and publicly burned in the square of Mexico, he established a foundry for cannon and a small-arms factory, and collected 14,000 troops at Jalapa against a threatened French invasion. But, as he did not submit to the influence of Yermo and other prominent Spanish merchants, he was calum- niated at Cadiz, an order arrived from the junta relieving him from the government, and on 8 May, 1810, he delivered the executive to the audiencia until the arrival of the new viceroy, Venegas. He gave his salary as viceroy to the public treasury, and retired to his episcopal residence, where he died in the following year.

LIZARRAGA, Reginaldo de (lee-thar'-rah- gah), R. C. bishop, b. in Biscay, Spain, in 1545 ; d. in Asuncion, Paraguay, in 1615. He went with his parents to Quito, studied theology in Lima, en- tering the novitiate of the Dominicans in 1560. After his profession he was sent to the university. He was ordained priest and at once appointed su- perior of a convent. In 1586, while prior of the convent of Lima, he was elected provincial of Chili. As soon as he arrived in Chili he wrote to the king of Spain for missionaries, and his request was answered by the despatch of a large number of Do- minicans to the New World, who were sent among the Indians. He went himself among the fiercest of the natives, whom the Spaniards had never con- ?uered, and was treated with the greatest respect, n 1590 he returned to Peru, and on his arrival in Lima was installed master of novices in the convent of San Rosario. In 1596 he was appointed bishop of Villa Imperial, in the south of Chili. Shortly after he reached his episcopal see it was besieged by the Araucanians. His conduct during this incident has been variously treated by Spanish historians. Some say that he deserted his flock, while others insist that his departure from the city during the siege was owing to his desire to protect the nuns, who accompanied him in his flight. After the destruction of Villa Imperial he transferred his episcopal see to Concepcion. In 1607 he was nomi- nated bishop of Asuncion, in Paraguay. He made vain efforts to protect the Indians, and was so affected one day at the sight of the barbarous treat- ment inflicted upon some of them that he never recovered from the shock. Lizarraga was an able writer and eloquent preacher. He left three vol- umes of sermons in folio. He wrote also "De la Descripcion y Poblacion de las Indias." His prin- cipal works, however, are his exposition of the five books of the Pentateuch, and the concordance of those different texts of the Scriptures the sense of which appears to be contradictory.

LLOYD, David, jurist, b. in the parish of Marravon, Montgomeryshire, North Wales, in 1656 ; d. in Pennsylvania in 1731. He received a legal edu- cation, and in 1686 was sent by William Penn to his new colony to act as attorney-general of the province. His pleasing manners, persistent energy, and natural abilities served to advance him rapidly in the esteem of all classes of the community, and he was quickly preferred to many offices of trust and profit. He became successively clerk of the county court of Philadelphia, deputy to the master of the rolls, and clerk of the provincial court. In this last post he resisted the attempts of Gov. Blackwell to extort from him the records with which he had been intrusted. In 1689 he was clerk of the assembly, and in 1693-'4 he was returned as a member of that body. Between this time and the end of the century he served for four years as a member of the provincial council, and during this period first developed that sincere attachment to the popular interests which formed so marked a feature of the rest of his career. He played a prominent part in procuring from Gov. Markham the new charter of privileges in 1696, and was the author of many legislative schemes for the security and improvement of the province. In 1703 he accepted the office of deputy judge and advocate to the admiralty. The beginning of the 18th century saw him pitted against James Logan and the pro- prietary in defence of the popular rights, and he continued for years an object alike of fear and of hatred to the proprietary. He was chosen many times speaker of the assembly, and his mind found employment in forming new schemes of judicial reform. Most of the important court laws that were passed up to the date of his death were the results of his pen, or at least were framed with the benefit of his counsel and advice. Being a thorough Welsh scholar, he had studied the laws of his an- cestors, and made them the basis of his reforms. In 1718 he was appointed chief justice of the prov- ince. Lloyd was warmly attached to his friends, but implacable to his enemies. The historian Robert Proud regarded him as possessing political talents, but said they tended rather to divide than to unite, and James Logan, in a letter to William Penn, Jr., said he "was a good lawyer, and of sound judgment, but extremely pertinacious and somewhat revengeful." He had the defects of his race, one of which was an inordinate confidence in his own wisdom. He had also a hot Welsh tem- per, and was very passionate and bitter when provoked ; but he was most highly regarded by his Welsh countrymen, and when Rev. Abel Morgan's "Cyd-Gordiad," or Welsh concordance of the Bible, was published (1730), it was dedicated to Chief-Justice Lloyd, as a token of their esteem and of his devotion to the principles of liberty. His declining years were marked by a peaceful repose that formed a striking contrast to the stormy scenes of his earlier life. Laying aside the bitter prejudices and rancorous feelings which years of strife had fostered, he actively and heartily co-operated with his former adversaries in several measures that were calculated to promote the prosperity of the province. Even before his death the great bulk of the community had come to entertain feelings of respect and gratitude toward him as the first lawyer of Pennsylvania. He published "A Vindication of the Legislative Powers," etc