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596 again in 1874. He was an unsuccessful candidate in 1882, and again in February, 1887. Mr. Laird was a member of the executive council of Prince Edward island from November, 1872, till April, 1873, and while acting in this capacity was a mem- ber of a delegation that was sent to Ottawa to ne- gotiate terms of union with the Dominion govern- ment. He became a member of the privy council and was minister of the interior from 7 Nov., 1873, till 1876, when he was appointed lieutenant-gov- ernor of the Northwest territories, and held this post for five years. In 1874 he was a commissioner to treat with Indian tribes in the northwest, and concluded a treaty at Qu'Appelle lakes by which they surrendered to the government about 75,500 square miles, through the northern part of which the Canada Pacific railway now passes.

LAJOIE, Antoine Gerin (lah-zhwah'), Cana- dian author, b. in Yamachiche, Lower Canada, in August, 1824; d. there in December, 1879. He was educated at Nicolet, studied law, and was ad- mitted to the bar in 1848. He was one of the or- ganizers of the Institut Canadien, of which he was several times president, edited "La Minerva" in Montreal for several years, and wrote also for other periodicals. In 1852 Mr. Lajoie became connected with the French translator's office of the legislative assembly, and he remained there until 1857, when he was transferred to the parliamentary library. He wrote " Le Jeune la Tour," a tragedy in three acts, in verse, which has been reprinted several times ; also poetry and songs, and a pamphlet, " Catechisme politique," giving an account of the provincial system of government.

LA JONQUIERE, Jacques Pierre de Taffanel, Marquis de (lah-zhong'-kyair), governor of Canada, b. in the Chateau of La Jonquiere, Languedoc, about 1686; d. in Quebec, 17 May, 1752. He served in the war of the succession against the Protestants in France, and in the defence of Tou- lon against the Savoyards. When Duguay Trouin went to Rio Janeiro he accompanied him, fought against Admiral Matthews in 1744, and attained the rank of admiral in the service. He was appointed governor of Canada in 1749, retaining the office till his death. His administration of the government was marked by great firmness, but stained by great corruption of public officials, and by continual quarrels with the Jesuits on the subject of the sale of liquors to the Indians. His reputation was tarnished by avarice, which led him, though possessed of millions, to deny himself the necessaries of life even in his last days.

LAKANAL, Joseph, French educator, b. in Serres, France. 14 July, 1762; d. in Paris, 14 Feb., 1845. He studied theology, and became a pro- fessor of rhetoric at Bourges, and of philosophy at Moulins. He was a member of the National con- vention in 1792-'5, and was noticeable there for his solicitude in protecting the interests of litera- ture, arts, and the sciences. Prof. Lakanal entered the Council of five hundred in 1795. He was pro- fessor at the Lycee Charlemagne under the consu- late and empire, but was compelled to leave the country at the restoration in 1814, and came to the United States. He was welcomed by Thomas Jefferson, and congress gave him a grant of 500 acres of cotton-land in Alabama. He then became a planter, and was afterward chosen president of the University of Louisiana. He returned to France after the revolution of 1830, and was re- elected to the Academy of sciences in 1834.

LAKE, Gerard, Viscount, British soldier, b. in England, 27 July, 1744; d. in Plymouth, 20 Feb., 1808. He entered the army in 1758 as an ensign in the foot-guards, and served in Germany during the Seven Years' war. In 1781 he was a lieutenant- colonel under Cornwallis in this country, and conducted a successful sortie at the siege of York- town. He served under the Duke of York in Hol- land in 1793-'4. and attained the rank of general. He was commander-in-chief in Ireland in 1797-'8, and in India in 1800, conducting the Mahratta war with brilliant success. He returned to Eng- land in 1807. and was created a viscount.

LA LANDELLE, Guillaume Joseph Gabriel de (lah'-lan'-del'), French author, b. in Montpelier, 5 March, 1812. He entered the navy in 1828, and for twelve years was attached to the station of South America. He resigned in 1839, after he had reached the rank of lieutenant, and has since devoted his time to literature. His novels, tales of adventure, and descriptions of South America are well known in that country, particularly in Chili and in the Argentine Republic, where they have been translated into Spanish. Among his numerous publications those that have the widest circulation in South America are " Une haine a bord" (Paris, 1845) ; " La Couronne navale." a cyclopaedia of famous adventurers in the South sea (9 vols., 1848); "Les princes d'Ebene " (10 vols., 1852); " Nathan le Rouge " (8 vols., 1855) ; " Le dernier des filibustiers " (5 vols., 1857); "Le premier tour du monde " (1876) ; and " Deux croisieres dans l'Amerique du Sud " (1877).

LALEMANT, Jerome, French missionary, b. in Paris in 1593; d. in Quebec, Canada, 26 Jan., 1673. He belonged to the Jesuit order, and was sent in 1638 to Canada, where he labored among the Hurons till 1645, and was superior of the missions from 1644 till 1650. In 1647 he was also appointed vicar-general of all the French possessions. In 1650 he went to France to consult the directors of the Canada company on the best means of providing for the Hurons that had fled to Quebec from the Iroquois. The company paid no attention to his suggestions, and he returned to Canada in 1651, but went to France again in 1656. In 1659 the Jesuit general sent him to Canada at the request, of Bishop Laval, and on his arrival he was appointed a second time superior-general of the missions in that country. He devoted himself earnestly to the conversion of the Indians, and sent missionaries to many tribes that had recently been discovered on the north and west of Lake Huron. He was superior-general till 1665. — His nephew, Gabriel, French missionary, b. in Paris, 31 Oct., 1610; d. near Lake Huron, 17 March, 1649, entered the Society of Jesus, 24 March, 1630, and followed his uncle to Canada in 1646, arriving in Quebec on 20 Sept. He was on the Huron mission from 6 Aug., 1648 v up to his death, and was with Jean de Brebeuf (q. v.) in the Huron village of St. Louis when it was attacked by the Iroquois, 16 March, 1649. He was urged to fly, but implored his superior for leave to stay with him. and obtained it. After the capture of the village the Iroquois put the missionaries to death.

LALLEMAND, Charles Francois Antoine, Baron, French soldier, b. in Metz, 23 June, 1774; d. in Paris, 9 March, 1839. He entered the army in 1792, served in the different campaigns under Napoleon, became a brigadier-general and baron in 1811, and was made a lieutenant-general and a member of the Chamber of peers on Napoleon's return from Elba. He was with the emperor during the Waterloo campaign, commanded a division at that battle, and was sent by Napoleon as a commissioner to negotiate for his surrender to Capt. Maitland, of the British navy. He re-