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Rh 1885, it was proposed to invest Archbishop Labas- tida with the cardinal's hat.

LABAT, John Baptist, clergyman, b. in Paris in 1663; d. there, 6 Jan., 1738. He entered the Dominican order at the age of nineteen, and taught philosophy and mathematics at Nancy as well as exercising the functions of a preacher. In 1693 he was in the convent of the Rue St. Honore. Paris, when he determined to devote himself to foreign missions. He landed in Martinique, 29 Jan., 1694, and was intrusted with the care of the parish of Macouba, where he remained two years. In 1696 he went to Guadeloupe, and on his return was ap- pointed procurator-general of all the Dominican convents in the Antilles. Owing to his scientific knowledge, the French government appointed him engineer, and in this capacity he visited the whole chain of the French, Dutch, and English Antilles from Grenada to Santo Domingo. He served for two years as engineer in Guadeloupe, and when the English attacked the island in 1704 took an active part in the defence, firing several cannon with his own hand. He also invented new methods for the manufacture of sugar, which are still in use in the colony. In 1705 Labat was sent to Europe as deputy of his order, and after spending several years in Italy he went to Paris in 1715 and occu- pied himself with the publication of his travels and other literary works. Although Labat did not consider himself a botanist, his description of the flora of the Antilles is very complete. The genus Labatia, of the family of Ebenaceae, was named in his honor. His books that deal with America are " Nouveau vovage aux iles de l'Amerique " (6 vols., Paris, 1722; 2d ed., 8 vols., 1742; Dutch transla- tion, 4 vols., Amsterdam, 1725 ; German, 6 vols., Nuremberg, 1783-'7); and "Voyage du Chevalier Demarchais en Guinee, iles voisines, et a Cavenne, fait en 1725, 1726, et 1727 " (4 vols., Paris, 1730).

LABAT, L6on (lah-baf), French physician, b. in Agde, Herault, in 1803 ; d. in Nice, 16 Jan., 1847. He visited both Americas from 1824 till 1828, and afterward went to Algiers, Tunis, Turkey, Palestine, and Egypt, where he was appointed sur- geon to the khedive, returning to France in 1832. Two years later he travelled again through Europe and Persia, returning to Paris in 1839, and in 1844-'6 he went again to South America, visiting Chili, Peru, and Brazil. He published "Voyages en Amerique " (Paris. 1834) ; " Traite sur la fievre jaune et les maladies pestiientielles propres a l'Ame- rique " (1839) ; " Influence du climat des tropiques sur les Europeens vivant dans l'Amerique du Sud " (1840) ; " Histoire medico-chirurgicale de la maladie produite par la chique, insecte parasite tres com- mun dans l'Amerique meridionale " (1843) ; " Rou- tier de l'Amerique " (1844) : and surgical works.

LA BERG E. Charles Joseph, Canadian jour- nalist, b. in Montreal in 1827 ; d. in August, 1874. He was educated at the College of St. Hyacinthe, and was admitted to the bar in 1848. In 1854 he entered the Canadian parliament as a Liberal, and in 1858 he was solicitor-general for Canada East. He was an editor of the " Franco Canadian," was at a later date chief editor of " Le National," Mon- treal, and lieutenant-colonel of volunteers.

LABEZARES, Guido de (lah-bay-thah'-rets), Spanish adventurer, b. in Bilboa in 1510 ; d. in Manila in 1580. He went in early life to New Spain, and accompanied Ruy Lopez de Villalobos in 1542 in his unfortunate expedition to the Spice islands, which he was not able to leave till 1549. He returned to the city of Mexico, and when the viceroy, Luis de Velasco, was preparing an expe- dition' to conquer and explore Florida, was given command of a vessel with several pilots, which was sent in advance to explore the coast for the most favorable landing-points. He sailed on 3 Sept., 1558, from San Juan de Ulua, and discov- ered in latitude 29° 30' N. a favorable bay, which he named Filipina; but sailing for some distance along the coast and not finding a better port, he returned on 14 Dec. He wrote a narrative of his voyage, which greatly aided Luna de Arellano (q. v.) in his expedition of the next year, in which he was accompanied by Labezares. The latter re- turned to Mexico when Legaspi (q. v.) and Andres de Urdaneta were preparing their expedition for the conquest of the Philippine islands. He ob- tained the post of treasurer of the expedition, and sailed with the same, 21 Nov., 1564, from the port of Navidad. He accompanied Legaspi during the conquest, and after the latter's death was called to the chief command of the Philippines. Not- withstanding his advanced age, he governed the islands wisely, conquered the provinces of Pan- gasinan and I locos, and forced the Chinese general of the corsair " Li-Ma-Hon " to surrender Manila, which he fortified. In August, 1575, the newly appointed governor-general, Dr. Francisco de Saude, arrived, and Labezares surrendered the government. His official acts were approved, and till his death he retained the honorary title and salary of lieutenant-governor. He wrote a narra- tive of his two voyages to Florida, and one of the conquest of the Philippines, published by order of the Spanish government (Madrid, 1578).

LA BORDE, French traveller. He was em- ployed in the Jesuit missions in the Antilles to- ward the middle of the 17th century, and was probably a member of the Jesuit order. Nothing is known of his life. He wrote "Relation de l'origine, mceurs, coutumes, guerres et voyages des Caraibes, sauvages des iles Antilles de l'Amerique " (Paris, 1674 ; German translation, Nuremberg, 1783). The account which this author gives of the man- ners and customs of the Caribs is among the most interesting in existence.

LA BORDE, Maximilian, educator, b. in Edge- field, S. C, 5 June, 1804; d. in Columbia, S. C, 6 Nov., 1873. He was graduated at the College of South Carolina in 1821, and after studying law for two years entered the Medical college of Charles- ton, where he received his degree in 1826. He practised medicine in Edgefield, was editor of the "Edgefield Advertiser" in 1836-'8, a member of the state legislature, and in 1839 became secretary of the state, and removed to Columbia. He was elected a trustee of South Carolina college in 1841, in 1842 became professor of logic and English lit- erature in that institution, and in 1845 was trans- ferred to the chair of metaphysics. In 1865 South Carolina college became the University of South Carolina, and in this reorganization Dr. La Borde was put in charge of the school of rhetoric, criti- cism, elocution, and the English language and lit- erature. His connection with the university lasted till his death. During the civil war the central organization was established under his auspices, for receiving supplies for the state troops. He was for a time one of the regents of the state luna- tic asylum, and subsequently president of the board. He is the author of " Introduction to Physiology " (New York, 1855) ; " History of South Carolina College" (Charleston, S. G, 1859); and " Story of Lethea and Verona " (1860) ; and con- tributed to various magazines.

LA BOLLAYE, Edouard René Léfevre', French author, b. in Paris, 18 Jan., 1811: d. there, 25 May, 1883. He studied law while following a