Page:Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography (1892, volume 3).djvu/612

576 in 1841. He published sermons and religious works, &ldquo;The Private, Domestic, and Social Life of Jesus Christ: a Model for Youth&rdquo; (Philadelphia, 1849), and the &ldquo;Presbyterian Psalmist&rdquo; (1852).

KREHBIEL, Henry Edward, musical critic, b. in Ann Arbor, Mich., 10 March, 1854. He received a general education from his father, a German clergyman of the Methodist Episcopal church, and began in 1872 the study of law in Cincinnati. In June, 1874. he was attached to the staff of the &ldquo;Cincinnati Gazette&rdquo; as musical critic, which post he held until November, 1880. He then came to New York, where he is now (1887) musical critic of the &ldquo;Tribune.&rdquo; Among his published works are &ldquo;The Technics of Violin Playing&rdquo; (Cincinnati, 1880); &ldquo;Review of the New York Musical Season 1885-'6&rdquo; (New York and London, 1886); and the same for the season of 1886-'7 (1887).

KRIMMEL, John Lewis, artist, b. in Ebingen, Würtemberg, Germany, in 1787; d. near Germantown, Pa., 15 July, 1821. He came to Philadelphia in 1810 to engage in business with his brother, but soon abandoned this occupation for art. He began by painting portraits, but, a copy of Wilkie's &ldquo;Blind Fiddler&rdquo; falling in his way, his attention was turned to humorous subjects. He also painted historical pictures, and at the time of his death &mdash; by drowning &mdash; he had received a commission to paint a large canvas on the landing of William Penn. Mr. Krimmel was president of the Society of American artists. Among his works are &ldquo;The Pepper-Pot Woman,&rdquo; &ldquo;The Cut Finger,&rdquo; &ldquo;Blindman's Bluff,&rdquo; &ldquo;Election Day,&rdquo; &ldquo;The Fourth of July at Old Centre Square,&rdquo; &ldquo;Going to and Returning from Boarding-School,&rdquo; &ldquo;The Country Wedding,&rdquo; and &ldquo;Perry's Victory.&rdquo;

KROEGER, Adolph Ernst, author, b. in Schwabstedt, duchy of Schleswig, 28 Dec., 1837; d. in St. Louis, 8 March, 1882. He was the son of a clergyman who came to this country with his family in 1848 and settled at Davenport, Iowa. Young Kroeger first went into a banking-house, but in 1857 removed to New York city and was connected with one of the daily papers as translator for three years. During the civil war he served on the staff of Gen. Frémont, and at its close settled in St. Louis. Both by translations of the works of Fichte, Kant, and Leibnitz, and by numerous essays in different periodicals, he largely contributed to a better understanding of German literature in this country, and increased the number of those that are interested in it. He wrote regularly for the St. Louis &ldquo;Journal of Speculative Philosophy.&rdquo; He published Fichte's &ldquo;Science of Knowledge&rdquo; (Philadelphia, 1868), the same author's &ldquo;Science of Rights&rdquo; (1869), and translated his &ldquo;Science of Morals,&rdquo; but his translation still remains in manuscript. He also issued &ldquo;The Minnesingers of Germany,&rdquo; containing translations of Walter von der Vogelweide and others (New York, 1873), and &ldquo;Our Forms of Government and the Problems of the Future&rdquo; (1862).

KROGSTRUPP, Otto Christian, clergyman, b. on the island of Fühnen, Denmark, 18 Aug., 1714; d. in Bethlehem, Pa., 10 Oct., 1785. He was graduated at the University of Copenhagen, and was ordained to the ministry of the Lutheran church by the Danish Bishop Brodersen. In 1748 he united with the Moravian church, and in 1753 came to this country, where he labored for many years in Philadelphia, at Graceham, Md., and at Lititz, York, and Lancaster, Pa. Krogstrupp was distinguished for his power and eloquence as a preacher. An old record says: &ldquo;He was a vessel of grace, filled with simplicity and love to God

and man &mdash; a diadem among the faithful ministers whom God has given to the Moravian church.&rdquo;

KROHN, Joseph Hyacinthe, French mariner, b. in Neuville, France, 16 Aug., 1766; d. in Saint Jean d'Angely, 21 March, 1823. He entered the navy in 1782, was wounded in an engagement with the English in the waters of St. Croix, and served in Santo Domingo from 1789 till 1795, where he won the commission of frigate-captain. He commanded the French navy in Guadeloupe under Hugues from 1795 till 1799, and fought several successful engagements with the English fleet, which enabled the captain-general to reconquer all the French colonies in the West Indies. Krohn would have risen to the highest ranks had not his education been neglected. In 1801-'2 he com- manded a division of the expedition to Santo Domingo, but he lost all his crew from yellow fever in Havana. The admiral gave him orders to burn his ship, but Krohn opened the prisons in Havana, and recruiting 500 outlaws, maintained such strict discipline that he captured three English men-of-war. From 1804 till 1808 he commanded the station of Santo Domingo, and inflicted great damage on English commerce. He resigned in 1814, when he received the rank of commodore.

KROTEL, Gottlob Frederick, clergyman, b. in Ilsfeld, Würtemberg, Germany, 4 Feb., 1826. He came to the United States when quite young, settled in Philadelphia, and was graduated at the University of Pennsylvania in 1846. He then studied theology, was licensed to preach in 1848, and was ordained to the ministry in the Lutheran church in 1850. He has been pastor, successively, of Lutheran congregations at Lebanon, Pa., in 1849-'53; Lancaster, Pa., in 1853-'62; and in Philadelphia in 1862-'8; and since 1868 has had charge of the English Evangelical Lutheran church of the Holy Trinity, New York city, which he organized. At the establishment of the Lutheran theological seminary at Philadelphia, in 1864, he was elected one of the professors, a post which he filled until his removal to New York. He has held many offices in his church, and was president of its general council in 1870. He received the degree of D. D. from the University of Pennsylvania in 1865. Dr. Krotel was for several years editor of the &ldquo;Lutherische Herald,&rdquo; New York, and for many years of &ldquo;The Lutheran,&rdquo; Philadelphia. Among his published works are &ldquo;Life of Melanchthon,&rdquo; by Ledderhose, translated from the German (Philadelphia, 1854); &ldquo;Who are the Blessed? A Meditation on the Beatitudes&rdquo; (1855); "Memorial Volume of Trinity Church, Lancaster" (Lancaster, Pa., 1861); &ldquo;Explanations of Luther's Small Catechism,&rdquo; with Rev. William J. Mann, D. D. (Philadelphia, 1863); and &ldquo;Luther and the Swiss,&rdquo; a lecture by Dr. Gerhard Uhlhorn, translated from the German (1878).

KRUMMACHER, Friedrich Wilhelm, clergyman, b. in Duisburg, Prussia, in 1796; d. in Potsdam, Prussia, 10 Dec., 1868. His father, Friedrich Adolph Krummacher, was an eminent German theologian and writer. The son held a pastorate in Germany, and, although a minister of the Reformed church, was a zealous advocate of the older Lutheranism, and gave great offence by his denunciation of rationalists. He came to New York in 1843, declined a theological professorship in Mercersburg, Pa., and afterward returned to Germany, settling in Berlin in 1847. Among his numerous works, many of which have been translated into English, are &ldquo;Flying Roll of Free Grace Displayed&rdquo; (New York, 1841); &ldquo;Elijah the Tishbite&rdquo; (1847); &ldquo;The Martyr Lamb&rdquo; (1849); &ldquo;The Last Days of Elisha&rdquo; (1852); &ldquo;The Risen Redeemer&rdquo;