Page:Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography (1892, volume 3).djvu/610

574 health, to his agent in Pernambuco. Young Henry landed in that city on 7 Dec, 1809, and, acquiring strength in a few months, began to explore the country, studying its natural productions. In the summer of 1811 he paid a short visit to England, returning on 27 December to Pernambuco, where he had resolved to make his home. He afterward bought the island of Itamaraca, which he colonized. Koster was the first to give to Europeans exact notions about the remote provinces of Brazil, where he travelled. He published "Travels in Brazil " (London, 1816), and "Explorations in Northern Brazil, 1809-'15, through the Provinces of Pernambuco, Ceara, Parahiba, etc." (1816).

KOTZEBUE, Otto von, Russian explorer, b. in Revel, Russia, 30 Dec, 1787; d. there, 15 Feb., 1846. His father was the celebrated dramatist. The son was educated at the Academy of St. Petersburg, and entered the Russian navy. In 1815 he commanded an expedition that was equipped and sent oit at the expense of Count Rumiantzeff, chancellor of the empire, to explore the South sea and Bering strait, in search of a northeast passage to the Atlantic. After exploring the South sea islands they steered toward Kamtchatka, and discovered, on 20 April, an island to which they gave the name of their patron, Rumiantzeff. Kotzebue also discovered several islands and bays and a sound northeast of Bering strait, which he called Kotzebue sound. He arrived in Russia, 23 July, 1818, and in 1823 was appointed by Alexander I. to command the "Predpriatie," and ordered to the west coast of North America to protect the Russian American company from the smuggling of foreign traders. In 1829 he retired from active service and spent the rest of his life with his family in Esthonia. He was the author of "Travels through Italy, 1804-'5" (4 vols., London, 1807); "Journey in Persia" (English translation, Philadelphia, 1820) ; " A Voyage of Discovery into the South Sea and Bering Strait in the Years 1815— '18" (3 vols., Weimar, St. Petersburg, and London, 1821); and "A New Voyage Round the World in the Years 1823-6" (2 vols., Weimar and London, 1830).

KOUNS, Nathan Chapman, author, b. in Fulton, Callaway co., Mo., 17 Dec, 1833. His paternal ancestors, who came to this country with Lord Baltimore, were from Strasbourg. Mr. Kouns was educated chiefly at home, and at St. Charles college, Mo., where he was graduated in 1852. He studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practised until he entered the Confederate army, in which he served during the civil war, being several times wounded. He afterward returned to the practice of the law, and in January, 1887, was appointed by the supreme court of Missouri librarian of the state library at Jefferson City. He is the author of "Dorcas, Daughter of Faustina" (New York, 1863), and "Arius, the Libyan" (1883), and of two other works that are still in manuscript.

KOUNTZ, John S., soldier, b. in Richfield, Lucas co., Ohio, 25 March, 1846. He attended school in Maumee City, Ohio, until the age of fourteen, and in September, 1861 enlisted as a drummer-boy in the 37th Ohio infantry. At the battle of Mission Ridge, Tenn., 25 Nov., 1863, when the drum-corps was ordered to the rear he threw away his drum, seized a musket, and was severely wounded in the first assault, being left in the field under the enemy's guns until he was rescued by his company. This episode is the subject of a poem by Mrs. Kate B. Sherwood, entitled &ldquo;The Drummer-Boy of Mission Ridge,&rdquo; which attained a wide reputation. He remained in the hospital of Louisville until he was honorably discharged from the service on 25 April, 1864, and on his return to civil life he attended school for one year, after which he was treasurer of Lucas county from 1872 till 1874, and county recorder in 1875-'8. He has been connected with the Grand army of the republic since its organization in 1866, and was elected its commander-in-chief on 25 July, 1884. In the presidential contest that occurred during his official term he issued an order to bar politics from this organization. He is now (1887) president of the Toledo fire-underwriters' association.

KRACKOWIZER, Ernest, physician, b. in Styria, Austria, in 1822; d. in Sing Sing, N. Y., 23 Sept., 1875. He studied medicine in Vienna and Padua, where, as captain of the students' league, he became involved in the insurrection of 1848. He came to this country, settled in Brooklyn, where he practised until he removed to New York in 1857. He established the German dispensary, and assisted in reorganizing Bellevue hospital medical college in 1874. He was a member of the committee of seventy during the municipal reform, a member of several medical societies, and attached to Mount Sinai and other hospitals. He contributed to medical periodicals.

KRAITSIR, Charles, philologist, b. in Schmolnitz, Hungary, 28 Jan., 1804; d. in Morrisania, N. Y., 7 May, 1860. He was graduated in medicine at Pesth in 1828, and in 1831 went to Poland and took an active part in the revolution there. He came to this country in 1833 with the intention of founding a Polish colony, and in 1837-'8 he established an academy at Ellicott's Mills, Md. Subsequently he resided in Washington, and in 1841-'2 was principal of the state academy of Maryland, Charlotte's hall. From 1842 till 1844 he delivered lectures in Boston on philology, and established a school there. In 1848 he went to Europe, but afterward returned to Boston, and in 1851 came to New York and passed his last years in Morrisania, engaged in literary pursuits. He is the author of &ldquo;The Poles in the United States&rdquo; (Philadelphia, 1836-'7); &ldquo;First Book of English&rdquo; and &ldquo;Significance of the Alphabet&rdquo; (Boston, 1846); and &ldquo;Glossology, being a Treatise on the Nature of Language and on the Language of Nature&rdquo; (New York, 1852).

KRAUTBAUER, Francis Xavier, R. C. bishop, b. near Bruck, Bavaria, 12 Jan., 1824. He received his early education in Regensburg, and afterward studied theology in the Georgianum in Munich. He was ordained priest, 16 July, 1850, and arrived in the United States in October of the same year, intending to devote himself to the spiritual welfare of his countrymen. After a short residence in Buffalo he was appointed in 1851 pastor of St. Peter's church, Rochester, where he also erected schools for boys and girls. In 1859 he went to Milwaukee to become spiritual director of the school sisters of Notre Dame in that city, at the same time attending the church of Our Lady of the Angels. He remained in this post for over ten years, and the mother house of the sisterhood was built under his direction. In 1873 Father Krautbauer was shipwrecked on Lake Michigan and narrowly escaped drowning. In 1875 he was nominated bishop of Green Bay and consecrated on 29 June of that year. He found the administration of his diocese a work of great difficulty, as his flock embraced people from every country in Europe. Some congregations were made up of English-speaking Roman Catholics, Germans, Frenchmen, Hollanders, Bohemians, Walloons, Poles, and Indians. He devoted special attention to the work