Page:Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography (1892, volume 3).djvu/590

554 assistant pastor of the 2d Presbyterian church in Albany, and in 1828 became pastor of the 4th Pres- byterian church, which had been gathered by his labors in the revivals under Charles G. Finney. Mr. Kirk coincided with Mr. Finney's views, and in connection with Dr. Beinaii, of Troy, established a school of theology to train young men for service in the ministry as evangelists. In 1837 he resigned his pastorate, owing to impaired health, and went to Europe, preaching in London and Paris, where he aided in establishing the first American Protest- ant religious service. On his return he preached as an evangelist, but in June, 1842, he accepted the call of the newly organized Mount Vernon Congregational church, Boston, and remained there till 1871, when he resigned, owing to the infirmi- ties of age. In 1856 he visited France for the pur- pose of erecting a chapel for American Protestants in Paris, the result of his labors there nearly twen- ty years before. He was president of the Ameri- can missionary association and secretary of the Evangelical alliance. The degree of D. D. was conferred on him by Amherst in 1855. He was the author of a " Memorial of the Rev. John Ches- ter, D. D." (Albany, 1829) ; " Lectures on Christ's Parables " (New York, 1856) ; " Sermons " (2 vols., 1840; Boston, 1860); "Canon of the Holy Scrip- tures " (abridged, 1862) ; and translations of Gaus- sen's " Inspiration of the Scriptures " (New York, 1842); and Jean Frederic Astie's "Lectures on Louis XIV. and the Writers of his Age " (Boston, 1855). His " Lectures on Revivals " were edited by Rev. Daniel 0. Mears (Boston, 1874).

KIRK, Edward N., soldier, b. in Jefferson coun- ty, Ohio, 29 Feb., 1828 ; d. 29 July, 1863. He set- tled in Sterling, 111., and assisted in raising and organizing the 34th Illinois regiment, of which he was chosen colonel. He commanded a brigade at Shiloh, and at the siege of Corinth, on 29 Nov., 1862, was appointed brigadier-general of volun- teers, and commanded a brigade in Johnson's di- vision of McCook's corps at the battle of Stone River in January, 1863, where he was wounded.

KIRK, John Foster, author, b. in Frederic- ton, New Brunswick, 22 March, 1824. His parents removed shortly afterward to Halifax, and he was educated by a private tutor. In 1842 he left Hali- fax for Quebec, and after several months came to the United States and settled in Boston. From 1847 till 1859 he was secretary and assistant to William II. Prescott, and aided in preparing all that historian's later works. In 1850 he accompa- nied Mr. Prescott to Europe. Mr. Kirk contribut- ed through all these years and up to 1870 to the " North American Review," the " Atlantic Month- ly," and other periodicals. In that year he re- moved to Philadelphia, where he edited "Lippin- cott's Magazine " from 1870 till 1886. In the lat- ter year he was appointed lecturer on European history at the University of Pennsylvania. He has published "History of Charles the Bold" (3 vols., Philadelphia and London, 1863-'8), and edited the complete works of William H. Prescott (1870-'4).— His second wife, Ellen Warner Olney, author, b. in Southington, Conn., 6 Nov., 1842, is a daughter of Jesse Olney, the geographer. She is the author of "Love in Idleness" (Philadelphia, 1876); "Through Winding Ways" (1879); "A Lesson in Love " (1881) ; " A Midsummer Mad- ness " (1884) ; " The Story of Margaret Kent," un- der the pen-name of " Henry Hayes " (1886) ; and "Sons and Daughters" (1887).

KIRKBBIDE, Thomas Story, physician, b. in Morrisville, Bucks co., Pa., 31 July, 1809 : d. in Philadelphia, 16 Dec, 1883. His ancestor, Joseph, came to this country with William Penn. Thomas was educated in the schools of the Society of Friends, and in the medical department of the University of Pennsylvania, where he was gradu- ated in 1832. He was appointed in that year resi- dent physician of the Friends' asylum for the in- sane at Frankfort, Pa., and in 1833-5 held the same office in the Pennsylvania hospital, .Phila- delphia, having charge of its west wing, which was the first hospital department in the country for the treatment of the insane. He then engaged in general practice till 1840, when he was elected superintendent of the newly established Pennsyl- vania hospital for the insane, where he remained till his death. He was the first in this country to place the sexes in entirely separate institutions, and in 1859 completed a new building for his male patients at a cost of $355,000, which he had raised in Philadelphia and vicinity. Dr. Kirkbride was a careful student of his specialty, and remarkably successful in his treatment of the insane. He was one of the founders, and for eight years the presi- dent, of the Association of medical superintend- ents of American institutions for the insane, a member of various other medical societies in this country and abroad, and connected with other charitable institutions in Philadelphia. In his annual reports, which are of great value, he treated at length of the construction, heating, and venti- lation of hospitals for the insane, and all topics connected with their management. Besides these he published " Rules and Regulations for the Pennsylvania Hospital for the Insane " (Philadel- phia, 1850) ; " The Construction, Organization, and General Management of Hospitals for the Insane " (1854) : " Appeal for the Insane " (1854) ; and numerous articles and reviews in the " American Journal of the Medical Sciences " and the " Ameri- can Journal of Insanity."

KIBKE, Sir David, adventurer, b. in Dieppe, France, in 1596 ; d. in Ferryland, Newfoundland, about 1655. He was the eldest son of Gervase Kirke, a Scottish merchant, and entered business as a wine-merchant in Bordeaux and Cognac. During the Huguenot troubles he retired to England, and, accompanied by his two brothers, commanded an expedition of three vessels under royal letters of marque in 1627 to break up the French settlement in Canada and Nova Scotia. The expedition was sent by his father, who had become interested in Sir William Alexander's American projects. After reaching Tadousac, Kirke sent parties to burn the houses and kill the cattle at Cape Tourmente, seized the French forts, and ordered Champlain to surrender Quebec. The latter concealed his weakness by a defiant answer, and the assailants withdrew.' Kirke engaged the French squadron under De Roquemont, near Gaspe, 18 July, 1628, and defeated him, capturing all the arms, ammunition, and stores that were intended for Quebec. The garrison of that place was now reduced to extreme suffering, and when Kirke reappeared before the town with his squadron in July, 1629, it capitulated.— Kirke's brother, Louis, was appointed governor, and was the first military commandant of Quebec in the employ of the English government. He displayed much courtesy and humanity to the suffering people during the short time he held command. England relinquished these conquests in 1632; but Kirke was knighted by Charles I. in 1633, and with others obtained a grant of Newfoundland. He was its governor for nearly twenty years until dispossessed by Cromwell. In 1653 he returned, having recovered part of his property by bribing Claypole.