Page:Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography (1892, volume 3).djvu/493

Rh Man's college, Cincinnati, St. Mary's college, Baltimore, and at the medical department of the University of Maryland, where he was graduated in 1844. He then settled in Baltimore, giving special attention to microscopy, histology, and pathology, in 1858 became lecturer on micro- scopic anatomy in the Baltimore college of den- tal surgery, in 1864 professor of anatomy and physiology in the University of Maryland, in 1866 was professor of general, descriptive, and surgical anatomy, and in 1870 filled the chair of surgery, becoming professor emeritus in 1880. His facility as an artist enabled him to illustrate his lectures with water-colors and descriptive drawings. He is a member of many scientific and professional societies, and has been president of the Medical and chirurgical faculty of Maryland, of the Balti- more medical association, and of the Clinical so- ciety of Baltimore. He is now (1887) president of the Maryland academy of science, and a constant contributor to professional literature.

JOHNSTON, David Claypoole, artist, b. in Philadelphia, Pa., in March, 1797 ; d. in Dorches- ter, Mass., 8 Nov., 1865. He studied engraving with Francis Kearney, of Philadelphia, and be- came an engraver of original caricatures, which found ready sale ; but the originals were so readily recognized that they became loud in their com- plaints and threats, and the print- and book-sellers, fearing libel suits, declined to invest their money in his prints, or to expose them for sale. Johnston then adopted the stage, appearing for the first time at the Walnut street theatre on 10 March, 1821, as Henry in " Speed the Plow." In 1825 he went to Boston and entered on an engagement at the Boston theatre. At the close of the first season he retired from the stage and set up an engraver's office in that city. In 1830 he began the publica- tion of " Scraps," an annual of five plates, each containing nine or ten separate humorous sketches. His work brought him both fame and money.

JOHNSTON, Gabriel, governor of North Carolina, b. in Scotland in 1699 ; d. in Chowan county. N. C., in August, 1752. He was educated at the University of St. Andrews, Scotland, and studied medicine, but is supposed not to have practised. For several years he was professor of oriental languages at St. Andrews. Removing to London, he became distinguished as a man of letters and liberal views, and was engaged with Lord Henry Bolingbroke in writing for the 'Craftsman," a political and literary magazine. Emigrating to the United States about 1730 and settling in North Carolina, through the influence of the Earl of Wilmington he was appointed governor of that colony. His administration was successful, the province greatly increasing in wealth, population, and gen- eral prosperity under his rule, which continued from his appointment till his death. — His nephew, Samuel, senator, b. in Dundee, Scotland, 15 Dec, 1733 ; d. near Edenton, N. C, 18 Aug.. 1816. came to this country in 1736 with his father, John, who settled in North Carolina, and acquired large es- tates there. Samuel was educated for the bar, and in 1767-'72 was clerk of the superior court of Chowan county, N. C, and at the same time a naval officer under the crown. He soon became known as a politician and lawyer, was an ardent patriot, a member of the assembly in 1769, where he was placed on its standing committee of inquiry and correspondence, an active member of the first two Provincial congresses, and presided over the third and fourth. In August, 1775, he was elected chair- man of the provincial council, and virtually be- came governor of the state. He was chosen treas- urer of the northern district of North Carolina in September of that year, was a member of the Con- tinental congress of 1781-2, and in 1788 elected governor of the state, presiding over the conven- tion that failed to ratify the Federal constitution, which he supported with all his influence. In the following year he also presided over the conven- tion that adopted the constitution. In 1789-'93 he was a member of the U. S. senate, as a Federal- ist, and in February, 1800, was appointed judge of the superior court, resigning in 1803.

JOHNSTON, Harriet Lane, b. in Mercersburg, Pa., in 1833. She is the daughter of Elliott T. Lane and his wife, June Buchanan, who, dying, left her to the care of her maternal uncle. James Buchanan. She was educated at the Ro- man Catholic con- vent in Georgetown, D. C, and, on the appointment of Mr. Buchanan to the English mission in 1853, accompanied him to London, where she dispensed the hospitalities of the embassy. During his term as president she was mistress of the White house, over which she presided with grace and dignity, receiving, among other distinguished guests, the Prince of Wales and his party. In 1866 she married Henry Elliott Johnston, of Maryland, and since that event has resided in Baltimore and at Wheatland, sur- viving her husband and their two sons.

JOHNSTON, Hugh, clergyman, b. in South- wold. Ontario, Canada, 5 Jan., 1840. He was edu- cated in the public schools of Toronto, and. aftei' studying for the ministry, was graduated at Vic- toria college, Coburg. in 1864. In the following year he was ordained to the Methodist ministry, was appointed first to Toronto, in 1866 to Mon- treal, west, charge, and. after officiating successively m Windsor. Ont.. a second time in Toronto, and in Hamilton, he became in 1878 pastor of the St. James street church in Montreal, and in 1882 of the Carlton street church of Toronto. He is a con- stant contributor to the religious press, and is the author of " Toward the Sunrise " (Toronto, 1882), and "Shall we or shall we Not?" (1882).

JOHNSTON, John, Indian agent, b. in Ballyshannon, Ireland, in March, 1755; d. in Washington, D.C., 19 April, 1861. His parents emigrated in 1786 to Cumberland co., Pa. John served with Gen. in his campaign against the northwestern Indians in Ohio 1792-'3, was clerk in the war department and agent for Indian affairs thirty-one years. For eleven years he was a canal-commissioner for Ohio, and he served throughout the war of 1812 as paymaster and quartermaster. In 1841-'2 he was commissioner to treat with the Ohio Indians for their removal. He was president of the Historical and philosophical society of Ohio. His “Account of the Indian Tribes of Ohio” appears in the 5th volume of the “American Antiquarian Society's Collections.”

JOHNSTON, John, artist, b. in Boston. Mass., in 1752; d. there, 27 Jan., 1818. He served with credit in the Revolution, and afterward settled in Boston, where he painted many portraits of public men of Massachusetts. Although deficient in drawing, Johnston possessed talent.