Page:Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography (1892, volume 3).djvu/482

446 tion to meet in Louisville, Ky. He was wounded at Pea Ridge, and became lieutenant-colonel, tak- ing part in the first Corinth engagement. After- ward, while he was on special service, he was ap- pointed by Gov. Reynolds to the Confederate senate to fill a vacancy. After the close of the civil war he went to Hamilton, Canada, where he remained until his return to Osceola. In 1875 he was presi- dent of the State constitutional convention.

JOHNSON, Joseph Taber, physician, b. in Lowell, Mass., 30 June, 1845. He was educated in Rochester academy, Mass., and at Columbian col- lege, D. C, from which he received his degree of M. A. in 1869. He was graduated at the George- town medical college in 1865, and at the Bellevue hospital medical college in 1867, when he settled in Washington, D. C. In 1870 he visited Europe, and took the degree in obstetric operations in the University of Vienna. In 1868 he was professor of obstetrics and diseases of women and children at Howard university, Washington, which post he resigned in 1872. In 1869 he was obstetrical physician to Freedman's hospital, where he re- mained three years, and in 1869-70 was physician to the colored orphan house. In 1871 he was elected one of the physicians to the St. John's sisterhood hospital for children. He was elected lecturer on obstetrics in the medical department of the University of Georgetown in 1874, full pro- fessor of the same in 1876, and is now (1887) presi- dent of this department. He is a member of numerous medical societies, and has edited vols. x. and xi. of the " Transactions of the American Gynecological Society " (1886-'7).

JOHNSON, Lawrence, type-founder, b. in Hull, England, 23 Jan., 1801 ; d. in Philadelphia, Pa., 26 April, 1860. After serving an apprentice- ship of seven years in the printing-office of John Childs and Son, in Bungay, Suffolk co., England, he induced his parents to emigrate with him to the United States, where they arrived in 1819, and purchased a farm in Cayuga county, N. Y. He afterward went to New York city, where he entered a printing-office as a compositor. In 1820 his attention was directed to stereotyping, and after obtaining some knowledge of it in the employ of Messrs. B. and J. Collins in New York, he removed to Philadelphia, where he established a successful stereotype-foundry, and in 1833 he purchased the Philadelphia type-foundry, which, under his management, became one of the largest in the country. One of his last acts, in conjunction with other type-founders of Philadelphia, was to procure from congress a modification of the copyright law to afford protection to engravers, letter-cutters, and designers.

JOHNSON, Sir Nathaniel, governor of South Carolina, d. in 1713. He had been in the British army, served as a member of parliament, and be- tween 1686 and 1689 was governor of Treves, St. Christopher, Montserrat, and Antigua. In 1703-'9 he was governor of South Carolina, and during the French attack on that colony in 1706 defeated the enemy, with the loss of their commander and 300 men. Sir Nathaniel introduced silk-culture into the province in 1703, and is said to have been the pioneer of that industry there.

JOHNSON, Oliver, editor, b. in Peacham, Vt., 27 Dec, 1809 ; d. in Brooklyn, N. Y., 10 Dec, 1889. He served in the office of the " Watchman," at Montpelier, Vt., and in 1831 became the editor of the newly established " Christian Soldier." From 1865 till 1870 he was managing editor of the " In- dependent," after which he became the editor of the " Weekly Tribune," which post he resigned in 1872 to become editor of the " Christian Union." He was active in the cause of anti-slavery as lecturer and editor, and was one of the twelve that or- ganized the New England anti-slavery society in 1832. He published " William Lloyd Garrison and his Times, or Sketches of the Anti-slavery Move- ment in America " (Boston, 1880). — His wife, Mary Ann, b. in Westmoreland, N. H., 24 Aug., 1808; d. in New York, 8 June, 1872, was assistant matron in the female state-prison at Sing Sing, N. Y., and promoted the reforms introduced at that period. Subsequently she lectured on anatomy and physiology to women.

JOHNSON, Ovid Frazer, lawyer, b. near Wilkesbarre, Pa., in 1807 ; d. in Washington, D. C, in February, 1854. He studied law with John N. Conyngham, and, after being admitted to the bar, began practice in Wilkesbarre. In 1833- '45 he was attorney-general of Pennsylvania. He attained distinction as a political writer, and was the author of the political satires entitled the " Governor's Letters," which were published dur- ing the administration of Gov. Joseph Ritner.

JOHNSON, Philip Carrigain, naval officer, b. in Maine, 21 Nov., 1828 ; d. in Portsmouth, N. H.. 28 Jan., 1887. He entered the navy in 1846, and was present at the bombardment of Vera Cruz and Tuspan during the Mexican war. In 1847-'8 he served in the frigate " Ohio," of the Pacific squad- ron, and spent the next four years at the naval school and with the Brazil squadron. In 1854-'9 he was attached to the coast survey. He became a lieutenant in 1855, from 1859 till 1861 was at- tached to the " San Jacinto," then cruising on the coast of Africa, and from 1861 till 1863 command- ed the " Tennessee " of the Western Gulf squad- ron, being present at the bombardment and pas- sage of Fort Jackson and Fort St. Philip. He became a lieutenant-commander in 1862, and in 1864 was attached to the " Katahdin," of the Western Gulf squadron. In 1865-'6 he was sta- tioned in the naval academy, and two years after- ward he served on the " Sacramento." He be- came a commander in 1867, and from 1868 till 1870 was fleet-captain of the South Pacific squad- ron. He was made captain in 1874, and served until 1876 on the South Pacific station, command- ing the " Omaha " and the " Richmond." In 1877- '81 he was stationed at the Mare island navy-yard, and was then ordered to the command of the train- ing-ship " New Hampshire." He subsequently served as chief signal officer of the navy, and in 1884 was promoted to the rank of commodore and placed in command of Portsmouth navy-yard He was promoted to rear-admiral 26 Jan., 1887.

JOHNSON, Reverdy, statesman, b. in Annapolis, Md., 21 May. 1796 ; d. there, 10 Feb., 1876. He was educated at St. John's college, studied law with his father, John Johnson, chancellor of the state, and was admitted to the bar in 1815. He began to practise in Upper Marlboro', Prince George county, was appointed deputy attorney-general for that judicial district, and in 1817 removed to Baltimore, where he practised with success. In 1821 he was elected to the state senate for a term of five years, and soon distinguished himself for his intelligent, bold, and comprehensive discussion of the question of state and Federal policy that was agitating the country. He was re-elected for the succeeding term, but resigned at the end of the second year to become attorney-general in President Taylor's cabinet. In 1845 he was sent to the U. S. senate as a Whig, serving till 1849. One of the most striking characteristics of Mr. Johnson's public life was his occasional disregard of party dicta-