Page:Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography (1892, volume 3).djvu/476

440 in Washington Mrs. Johnson appeared in society as little as possible. — Their daughter, Martha, b. in Greenville, Tenn., 25 Oct., 1828, was educated in Georgetown, D. C, and during her school-life was a frequent guest in the White House in President Polk's administration. She returned to east Ten- nessee in 1851, and on 13 Dec, 1857, married Judge David T. Patterson. She presided at the White House in place of her invalid mother, and, with her sister, assisted in the first reception that was held by President Johnson, 1 Jan., 1866. During the early spring an appropriation of $30,000 was made by congress to refurnish the executive mansion, and Mrs. Patterson superintended the purchases. — Another daughter, Mary, b. in Greenville, Tenn., 8 May, 1832 ; d. in Bluff City, Tenn., 19 April, 1883, married Daniel Stover, of Carter county, who died in 1862, and in 1869 she married William R. Bacon, of Greenville, Tenn. She resided at the White House from August, 1865, until a short time before the expiration of her father's term.

JOHNSON, Andrew Wallace, naval officer, b. in Washington, D. C, 24 Feb., 1826 ; d. there, 14 June, 1887. He was appointed midshipman in 1841, and commissioned lieutenant, 15 Sept., 1855. He was made lieutenant-commander, 16 July, 1862, and in 1864-'5 served with the South Atlantic blockading squadron, being on the iron-clads " Le- high " and " Montauk " in their engagements with Confederate batteries in Stono river, S. C, in July, 1864. He was commissioned commander, 2 Feb., 1867, and captain, 5 April, 1874, and served as chief of staff of the South Atlantic squadron from 1869 till 1870. After being assigned to special duty for several years at Washington, D. C, and at Portsmouth, N. H., Capt. Johnson was retired by operation of law.

JOHNSON, Artemas Nixon, editor, b. in Mid- dlebury, Vt., 22 June, 1817. He was educated in the Boston public schools, and after studying mu- sic in Frankfort, Germany, returned to the United States in 1844 and engaged in editing and compil- ing musical publications. His publications include " Thorough Base Instruction-Book " (Boston, 1844)-; " Choir Chorus Book " (1846) ; " Handel Collection of Church Music" (1852); "American Choir" (New York and Boston, 1858) ; " Melodeon, Organ, and Harmony" (1864); "Alleghany Collection of Church Music " (1868) ; " The True Singing-School Text-Book" (Cincinnati, 1871); "The Standard Glee Book" (New York, 1874); "New Harmony Book " (Boston, 1880) ; " Parlor Organ Instruction " (1883) ; and " Natural Art of Singing " (1884).

JOHNSON, Benjamin Pierce, agriculturist, b. in Canaan, Columbia co., N. Y., 30 Nov., 1793 ; d. in Albany, 12 April, 1869. He was graduated at Union college in 1813, studied law at Hudson, N. Y., and settled in Rome. N. Y. He was a mem- ber of the New York assembly from 1827 till 1830, was president of the State agricultural society in 1845, and its corresponding secretary from 1847 till 1869. He was a commissioner to the Interna- tional exhibitions in London in 1851 and 1862, and throughout his life was actively interested in agri- culture. He wrote, besides reports, essays, and papers on agricultural subjects, " The Dairy" (Al- bany, 1857), and edited "The iNew York Farmer" (1842-'4); "The Transactions of the New York Agricultural Society" (1846-'54); and "Journal of the New York Agricultural Society " (1850-2).

JOHNSON, Bradley Tyler, lawyer, b. in Fred- erick City, Md., 29 Sept., 1829. He was graduated at Princeton in 1849, receiving the mathematical oration, studied law at Harvard, was admitted to the bar in North Carolina in 1851. and was elected state's attorney of Frederick county in November. He was the Democratic candidate for comptroller of the state in 1857, chairman of the Democratic state central committee in 1859-'60, delegate to the National Democratic convention at Charleston and Baltimore in 1860, and withdrew with a majority of the Maryland delegation from the convention and united in the nomination of Breckinridge and Lane. At the beginning of the civil war he or- ganized and armed a company at his own expense, which was mustered into the service of the Confed- erate states, he being captain. On 16 June he was made major, 21 July lieutenant-colonel, and 18 March, 1862, colonel. He commanded his regi- ment in all the battles of Jackson's valley cam- {>aign of 1862 and in the seven days' battles around tichmond. The regiment having been almost an- nihilated, in August, 1862, the remnant was mus- tered out, and Col. Johnson was then assigned to Jackson's division. On 28 June, 1864, was commis- sioned brigadier-general of cavalry. His services in defeating Dahlgren on his raid toward Rich- mond were recognized in a general order, and Gen. Wade Hampton presented him with a sabre. He commanded a brigade of cavalry under Early in the campaign of 1864. On Early's advance into Maryland, Gen. Johnson destroyed the railroad bridges north of Baltimore, but on 12 July was or- dered by Early to report to him. In December, 1864, Gen. Johnson was assigned to the command of the post at Salisbury, N. C. When the prison- ers were actually starving, Gen. Johnson stopped a train bound for the Army of Northern Virginia, took from it the provisions with which it was freighted, and used them to feed the prisoners. At the same time he asked to be allowed to carry the prisoners to Goldsboro and release them on pa- role, and urged upon Gov. Vance, of North Caro- lina, the propriety of furnishing them with blank- ets and clothes from the depots of the state. After the war Gen. Johnson settled in Richmond, Va., and devoted himself to the practice of law. In 1872 he was a delegate to the National Demo- cratic convention at Baltimore. In 1875 he pub- lished " Reports of Chase's Decisions on the 4th Circuit," and in the same year was elected to the senate of Virginia. In 1877 he made a report from the committee on finance on the public debt of Virginia, and in 1879, as chairman of the joint committee on Federal relations, he prepared the report on the question of the Federal judicial ju- risdiction in its relation to the jurisdiction of the state courts. In 1879 he removed to Baltimore. In 1883 he published an examination of the " Founda- tion of Maryland and the Maryland Act concern- ing Religion." In 1884 he was president of the electoral college of Maryland.

JOHNSON, Bushrod Rust, soldier, b. in Belmont county, Ohio, 7 Oct., 1817; d. in Brighton, Ill., 11 Sept.', 1880. He was graduated at the U. S. military academy in 1840, served in the Seminole war, and became 1st lieutenant in 1844. During the Mexican war he participated in numerous battles. He became professor and subsequently superintendent of the Western military institute of Kentucky at Georgetown. He entered the Confederate service in 1861, was commissioned brigadier-general, and taken prisoner at Fort Donelson, but shortly afterward escaped, and was wounded at Alleghany camp, and again at Shiloh. He commanded a division at the battle of Chattanooga, served in subsequent engagements in the Army of Tennessee, was promoted major-general in 1864, and in command of a division at the surrender. After the war he became superintendent of the